一般來說，有關國際合資研究的文獻相當多，但大部分多在探討國際合資 的形成與動機、合資事業的績效或者是對於合資事業管理與合夥人選擇的 研究，而對於有關合資事業股權比率變動的各種影響因素，例如談判力（ bargaining power）、參與公司的特質、地主國的產業因素以及參與雙方 文化上的差異等，幾乎很少加以深入的探討；另外，參與雙方對於合資事 業不同型態的貢獻，也會改變彼此股權的持有比率，進而影響合資事業本 身的穩定性。在臺灣逐漸邁向已開發國家之林的過程中，需要由國外引進 各種資源來強化本身的實力，並且也需加強國內廠商間的合作以促進產業 升級，提高本國廠商在國際市場的競爭地位。目前臺灣企業面對外國企業 的激烈競爭，對內受限於市場的規模較小，對外又受限於關鍵技術或國際 行銷等方面的掌握能力，因此，和外國企業的合作（尤其是合資）益顯重 要。國際合資成立後的股權持有比率會受許多因素影響而改變，股權的穩 定與否又可能會影響合資事業的績效。因此，研究合資股權比率變動的影 響因素，來達成參與雙方間的進一步瞭解，以減少彼此的衝突是必需且非 常重要的。

More than 35% of the U.S. workforce is composed of Baby Boomers who are eligible to retire within the next 5 years. Despite the potential loss of critical expertise, a gap in knowledge retention exists in small consulting businesses. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective strategies for retaining the tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring employees, to avoid operational knowledge drain. Exploration ensued through semistructured interviews at 2 small consulting businesses in the Washington, DC metropolitan area that are adept at innovatively retaining requisite knowledge. The conceptual frameworks of Bass' transformational leadership and Nonaka's knowledge creation led to the identification of strategies to retain tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring Baby Boomers. Seven small business leaders addressed questions on knowledge types, knowledge stimulation and sharing methods, and retention strategies to provide meaningful responses to the knowledge retention phenomenon. Data analysis included the Colaizzi and modified van Kaam methods of mining, categorizing, organizing, and describing participants' statements. Subsequently, the themes that emerged during the analysis identified reward, communication, and motivation as strategies for knowledge-share and transfer. Succession planning, mentoring, documentation, training, and knowledge sharing also emerged as effective methods for knowledge retention. The findings will contribute to social change by illuminating the roles effective leaders practice to influence and foster knowledge management, offering insight to other small businesses having difficulties remaining sustainable as the operational knowledge of Baby Boomers becomes unavailable as they retire.