This is a cross-national qualitative study with the purpose of obtaining perspectives held by people with quadriplegia and leading figures in disability movements in the Netherlands and Australia on the issues of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (EPAS). A disability voice is not prominent in public debate on EPAS in Australia or the Netherlands, even though people with disabilities are often thought to be vulnerable in relation to EPAS policies. Disability perspectives are potentially valuable in illuminating issues in relation to euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, because issues of dependence, independence, and individual autonomy play important roles in relation to both EPAS and to living with disability. The study's methodology uses a phenomenological approach and incorporates aspects of heuristics and grounded theory. Its conceptual framework incorporates MacIntyre's (1999) theory of acknowledged dependency and vulnerability; Habermas' (1989) theory of knowledge; and Festinger's (1959) theory of cognitive dissonance. The main sample of twenty people with quadriplegia (the grassroots sample) was interviewed in the Netherlands and in Australia.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcelo Brice Assis Noronha.pdf: 1330295 bytes, checksum: d7899e1314dbb1f4c71a6c60186e778e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28 / The work of Machado de Assis informs critical questions about the fundamentals of literary discourse, philosophical, sociological and historical context in which it is surrounded by the links between artistic expression and social reality that shaped a world view particular gap in the ratings generalizing, but powered by tradition and a creative attempt to exceed the expectations of literary second mid-nineteenth century Brazil. Inserts accustomed to the theoretical debate about the format knowledge that can be attributed to situations reinforced by Machado de Assis provide a motivation for the sociology of literature. This work is conducted through exposure voltage subtle and powerful integrated male in the relationship between criticism and achievement. The identification and dialogue between events, literature and destinations closed the debate about the notion of representation of reality given by some of the ways modern social thought stand out in Brazil and the interest shown here. The way of understanding and representation of reality that is structured in the areas of symbolic dissatisfaction and also finds support in relation to the emerging social artistic expression, making it a guide for the present work. In this sense, investigate how the narrative is concerned and engaged in a game of internal tensions and external to it, the responsibility to produce a real sense of reality and presentations also confuses the real that has been an inevitable question of interpretations of social life. We take the exhibition and interpretation of these issues as an object of considerations about the conception of man, knowledge and artistic competence articulated in thought and Machado de Assis, aspects thought to be forming a kind of knowledge about the social world. / A obra de Machado de Assis informa questões críticas sobre os fundamentos do discurso literário, filosófico, sociológico e histórico em que ela está envolta, através dos vínculos entre expressão artística e realidade social que forjaram uma visão de mundo particular, em distanciamento das classificações generalizantes, porém alimentada por uma tradição e tentativa criadoras que ultrapassam as expectativas literárias da segunda metade do século XIX brasileiro. As inserções teóricas afeitas ao debate sobre o formato do conhecimento que pode ser atribuído às situações reforçadas por Machado de Assis garantem uma motivação para a sociologia da literatura. Este trabalho se conduz através da exposição da tensão sutil e poderosa que Machado integra na relação entre crítica e realização. A identificação e o diálogo entre eventos, literaturas e destinos encerrados no debate acerca da noção de representação do real atribuída por algumas vias do pensamento social moderno se destacam no Brasil e nos interesses aqui apresentados. A forma de apreensão e representação do real que se estrutura nos âmbitos do simbólico encontra respaldos e também insatisfações na relação com o social que emerge na expressão artística, tornando-se guia para o trabalho que apresentamos. Nesse sentido, investigar como a narrativa se ocupa e se ocupou, em um jogo de tensões internas e externas a ela, da responsabilidade em produzir uma noção verdadeira da realidade e também das apresentações do real que o confunde tem sido uma questão inevitável das interpretações sobre a vida social. Tomamos a exposição e interpretação dessas questões como objeto das considerações a respeito da concepção de homem, conhecimento e competência artística articulada no pensamento e na literatura de Machado de Assis, para que sejam pensados aspectos formadores de um tipo de conhecimento sobre o mundo social.

More than 35% of the U.S. workforce is composed of Baby Boomers who are eligible to retire within the next 5 years. Despite the potential loss of critical expertise, a gap in knowledge retention exists in small consulting businesses. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective strategies for retaining the tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring employees, to avoid operational knowledge drain. Exploration ensued through semistructured interviews at 2 small consulting businesses in the Washington, DC metropolitan area that are adept at innovatively retaining requisite knowledge. The conceptual frameworks of Bass' transformational leadership and Nonaka's knowledge creation led to the identification of strategies to retain tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring Baby Boomers. Seven small business leaders addressed questions on knowledge types, knowledge stimulation and sharing methods, and retention strategies to provide meaningful responses to the knowledge retention phenomenon. Data analysis included the Colaizzi and modified van Kaam methods of mining, categorizing, organizing, and describing participants' statements. Subsequently, the themes that emerged during the analysis identified reward, communication, and motivation as strategies for knowledge-share and transfer. Succession planning, mentoring, documentation, training, and knowledge sharing also emerged as effective methods for knowledge retention. The findings will contribute to social change by illuminating the roles effective leaders practice to influence and foster knowledge management, offering insight to other small businesses having difficulties remaining sustainable as the operational knowledge of Baby Boomers becomes unavailable as they retire.

På ett övergripande plan handlar den här studien om språkets roll inom arkitektur, teoretiskt och praktiskt. Titeln Tala om arkitektur refererar till vad som händer i talad mening, mellan arkitekter, mellan arkitekter och andra yrkesgrupper och – bredare – i allmänt tal om arkitektur. Är tal om arkitektur en grund för kunskap, i kunskapsproduktion och i användandet av arkitektur, på samhällsnivå? Frågan har bäring på förutsättningar för demokrati. Studien bör ses som en ambition att resa frågor om språk och arkitektur, för att lägga en grund för fortsatta studier. Som bakgrund till intresset för språk finns tankar kring arkitekturens status i samtiden, kopplat till klimatfrågor och social hållbarhet. Vet vi tillräckligt för att skapa byggd miljö som inte skadar planeten och som bidrar till välfungerande miljöer, socialt och hälsomässigt? Vad behövs för att vi ska få tillräcklig kunskap? Studiens konkreta fråga är hur två arkitekturorganisationer i Sverige – Stiftelsen Arkus (åren 1986–2018) och den statliga kommittén Rådet för arkitektur, form och design (åren 2004–2008) – har uppmärksammat språk om arkitektur som ett särskilt kunskapsområde, i egen rätt. Uppdragen för båda organisationerna har, på olika sätt, varit och är fortfarande för Arkus del, kunskapsproducerande.  Det empiriska materialet I studien består av allmänt tillgängliga skrifter, rapporter och styrdokument. En problembild är tecknad med utgångspunkt i tidningsartiklar, myndighetsrapporter och facklitteratur. Den pekar mot en problematisk, samtida situation gällande brister vad gäller tillämpning av kunskap om arkitektur, vid planering och byggande. Problembilden omfattar också brister i den allmänna kunskapsnivån som bildar bas för en allmän diskussion i samhället, om arkitektur och byggd miljö. Resultatet av undersökningen är att tal och språk har uppmärksammats i både Arkus och Rådet för arkitektur, form och design, men temat har inte lyfts i egen rätt som ett kunskapsområde som behöver fortsatta undersökningar. Språkfrågan – att tala, läsa, skriva, reflektera samt även att skapa kontakt med omvärlden, har snarare förts fram av enstaka eldsjälar med ett starkt intresse. Kommentarer om språkets betydelse har då och då framförts på ett tydligt sätt, av utomstående. Studien är långt ifrån en fullödig bild. Den visar utdrag från en begränsad situation inom ett tidsspann av närmare 40 år. Syftet med studien är att resa frågan om språkets roll inom arkitekturfältet, samt att belysa hur detta tema har hanterats av två svenska arkitekturorganisationer med kunskapsspridande uppdrag. Studien är på svenska. / On a larger scale this study is about the role of language within architecture – in theory and in practice. The title Talking about architecture is referring to what is happening, in a spoken sense, between architects, between architects and other professions in planning, building and property management, and broader – how the public speaks about architecture, and how this is linked to knowledge. Is the talking about architecture the root of knowledge, in production and in the use of architecture/built environment on a societal level? The study is set in Sweden and should be seen as an ambition to raise questions about language and architecture to prepare for further investigations. As a background to the interest in language lies a concern for the status of architecture and built environment, connected to climate and social sustainability. Do we know enough to shape built environment that is not harming the planet, but contributes to well-functioning communities, socially and health-wise? What is needed to know enough? The study’s central question is how two important architecture organizations in Sweden – The Arkus foundation (1986–2018) and The National Council for Architecture, Form and Design (2004–2008) – have put their attention to language as a specific topic, to be addressed in its own right. The task for both organizations, even in different ways, was the production of knowledge within the field of architecture. Besides the language topic, an important aim connected to the study, was to make knowledge about these two organizations available, since little is known about their work outside the organizations themselves.  The method for analyzing the documentation originating from the organizations was qualitative. The empirical material in the study consisted of white papers and research reports. A few open interview-like conversations have also been made. A background is depicted in the study, retrieved from articles and reports. It is reflecting on a problematic contemporary situation concerning a lack of applied knowledge in production processes for architecture and the built environment. It also points out a shortcoming in the contemporary public discussion about architecture and the built environment, due to a frail knowledge base for these topics. The study concludes that the language topic was addressed in both Arkus and The National Council for Architecture, Form and Design. However, language and communication, among architects and with the world around, was not raised as a central issue in need of being further investigated. The language topic – talking, reading, writing, reflecting and also reaching out – was rather brought forward by a few persons in the organizations with a strong interest, or by outsiders.  This study does not give a full picture, but it highlights different events on architectural language within a timespan close to 40 years. It suggests that the focus on language should have been a special concern for two architectural organizations whose focus was on the practical field and on knowledge dissemination. The study is in Swedish.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogeria pdf.pdf: 1154375 bytes, checksum: 5eec0f2cc9effbdf70507fb2cd5fdd9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-12 / This is the collaborative research account realized with a mother tongue teacher returning to classroom after ten years out. The research is proposed to a reflexive space to confront different curricula politics concerning teaching portuguese as mother tongue. The goal is describe how the other teacher s practices and professional identity are constituted. The languge and the teaching language are based on post-structuralist perspective to understand the discourse constitutive and constituted by individual actions in the social world. The focus on the constituve nature of discourse need an analytical intruments to reveal the agency. Thus, the metaphor (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Cameron, 1999) as discursive practices and the positioning theory (van Langenhove & Harré, 1998) show up very productive to describe desires, choices and actions of co-researchers. In a qualitative way, the research identify grammar, discourse genre and reading as teaching practices questioned in the reflexive-collaborative process. The grammar and the discourse genre are the theoretical constructs directly confronted. Although the opposite presented theoretical constructs, they are conciliated by portuguese mother tongue teacher / Este é o relato de uma pesquisa colaborativa realizada por mim e por uma professora de língua materna que, após dez anos de afastamento da prática docente, retorna à sala de aula. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que se propõe como um espaço reflexivo no qual são confrontadas diferentes políticas curriculares do ensino de português como língua materna. O objetivo é descrever como são constituídas outras práticas discursivas e outras identidades profissionais pela professora durante o processo reflexivo-colaborativo. A linguagem e o ensino de línguas são tomados com base na perspectiva pós-estruturalista que aborda o discurso como constituinte das/constituído pelas ações dos indivíduos no mundo social. O foco na natureza constitutiva dos discursos exige um instrumental analítico que ressalte a agentividade, dessa forma, a metáfora (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Cameron, 1999; entre outros) como prática discursiva e a teoria do posicionamento (van Langenhove & Harré, 1998) mostram-se bastante produtivas para descrever os desejos, as escolhas e as ações das co-pesquisadoras. De maneira qualitativa, a pesquisa identifica a gramática, a teoria dos gêneros discursivos e a leitura como as práticas de ensino problematizadas durante o processo reflexivo-colaborativo, sendo a gramática e a teoria dos gêneros discursivos os construtos teóricos confrontados diretamente. Apesar da forma excludente como são situados na pesquisa, esses construtos teóricos são, ao final, conciliados pela professora ao constituir para si uma outra prática e identidade como professora de português como língua materna