Práce analyzuje a hodnotí vývoj socio-ekonomické situace ve Venezuele. Teoretické zázemí vysvětluje úlohu a chování vlády, rozebírá rozpočet. Věnuje se řízení veřejného sektoru rozvojových zemí. Nastiňuje historický vývoj názorů, problémů a kritik různých politických přístupů. Součástí jsou navržené oblasti reformních kroků. Těžištěm práce je případová studie vývoje a stavu veřejných financí Venezuely zaměřená na tři roviny: fiskální disciplína, adekvátní redistribuce, efektivnost veřejných výdajů. Pomocí výsledků studie a teoretických východisek je závěr práce věnován příčinám dané situace a jejich hodnocení. Hlavni úlohu hrají: fyzický kapitál, lidský kapitál a sociální kapitál.

Given a D-brane background in string theory (or equivalently boundary conditions in a two dimensional conformal field theory), classical solutions of open string field theory equations of motion are conjectured to describe new D-brane backgrounds (boundary conditions). In this thesis we study these solutions in the bosonic open string field theory using the level truncation approach, which is a numerical approach where the string field is truncated to a finite number of degrees of freedom. We start with a review of the theoretical background and numerical methods which are needed in the level truncation approach and then we discuss solutions in several different back- grounds. First we discuss universal solutions, which do not depend on the open string back- ground, then we analyze solutions of the free boson theory compactified on a circle or on a torus, then marginal solutions in three different approaches and finally solutions in theories which in- clude the A-series of Virasoro minimal models. In addition to known D-branes, we find so-called exotic solutions which potentially describe yet unknown boundary states. 1

This thesis critically analyzes the concepts of deliberative democracy and demarchy. Both theories are described from many different viewpoints, including criticisms aimed at elections in democratic political systems, the issue of legitimacy and representativeness. The analysis of the theory of deliberative democracy is based on the works of Bernard Manin, John Dryzek, Joshua Cohen etc. The analysis of the theory of demarchy is based on the works of John Burnheim. Both theoretical concepts are also confronted with criticisms aimed at their theoretical and practical imperfections. The thesis also deals with examples and possibilities of practical use of some elements from both theories. Finally, this thesis attempts to answer the question of whether both analyzed concepts could be satisfactory alternatives to representative democracy.

Práce vystihuje teoretické poznatky z oblasti simulace a teorie hromadné obsluhy. Tyto poznatky jsou využity při zpracování praktického příkladu. Pro zpracování případové studie je využíván simulační software SIMUL8, pomocí kterého je vytvořen model. Cílem práce je namodelovat současný chod dispečinku, zjistit jeho úzká místa a po té pomocí experimentu s modelem navrhnout nutné rozšíření počtu pracovišť na dispečinku.

Diplomová práce se zabývá psychologickými aspekty implementace TOC v oblasti řízení projektů. Cílem této práce je na základě analýzy identifikovat psychologický pohled na TOC a vymezit kulturní standardy, které ovlivňují implementaci teorie omezení do projektového řízení. Důraz je kladen na Českou republiku a české kulturní standardy.

This dissertation is thus aiming to create a (1) view on current and historical theoretical and practical approaches of organization economics, (2) to assess their assumptions and implications and explain their contradictions in relation to individual base of the knowledge and motivation. (4) It suggests a framework that might give an economic and theoretical rationale to various managerial measures related to the true ("effective") effort of an individual in a firm that is (5) finally tested in empirical research. For the reasons mentioned above, the overview of often divergent methodological approaches is of a key importance, therefore much attention is dedicated to their description and analysis in the first part of the thesis. It is followed by the introduction of a new framework used in the analysis of various managerial measures applied in the firm, and finally, the hypotheses which test certain assumptions of the framework on empirical data. The "effective effort, cooperation and rivalry framework" is the main output of this thesis, as it explains the roots and influence of direct and indirect managerial measures through the behavior of workers (rivalry, cooperation, rent-seeking) on company's performance. The framework combines three existing independent approaches analyzing the link between managerial measures and company's performance without denying any of the predecessors, and it also brings a new interpretation of the functions of managerial decisions in the firm and the link on material resources. The framework attempts to answer the following research question: Which factors and in a what way influence the effective effort of an individual in the firm? Can this approach be formalized and tested on empirical data? Answering this question would be beneficial for both managers and academia as it would facilitate them to undertake that managerial measures, that would lead to an improvement of firm's long term performance and avoid those actions, which would work contradictory. The empirical analysis focuses on efficiency of several types of incentives and trainings in the medium-sized company on the lowest level of hierarchy (furthermore there is the lack of similar analyses dedicated to an enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe or in such chronological extent in a single firm anywhere in Europe). The extensive data is provided by a leading Czech (mostly retail) betting company operating in a legislatively stable environment not exposed to the currency fluctuations and economic cycle with oligopolistic characteristics. Other industries (besides retail) would hardly provide such high quality data for such a long period suitable for the chosen analysis of the revenues' influence of various managerial measures (training of sale staff, introduction of an upside component of wage, nonmonetary rewards) applied to workers. The results of the empirical analysis show the possible positive effect of increased wage variability on the employee's performance, although the effect of training and nonmonetary rewards was proven as insignificant. These results (positive/negative effect or significance/insignificance) for a low skilled workforce being able to effectively affect the quality of the output (as is the Fortuna case) are in line with the Effective effort, cooperation and rivalry framework.

The diploma thesis is primarily devoted to the study of contemporary aesthetics of astronomical photography. The term astronomical photography means two different, but at the same time dependent facts. The term is covering a field of scientific images of astronomical research, which is primarily intended for a narrower group of professionally trained observers, but on the other hand, we also look at the images of planets, stars and nebulae commonly encountered by the broad lay public in the media. These images act as trusted photographs, but in fact, the initial quantitative data is practically transferred to visual scenes in accordance with the conventions of photographic aesthetics. Image aesthetization was taking place at a time when astrophotography worked primarily with photo plates. New ways of detecting and visualizing, relying on digital data processing and digital image processing, transform these traditional techniques and techniques, but at the same time they continue to do so: they continue building the specific aesthetics of astronomical photography.

The aim of this thesis is to offer an application of the concept of pervasivity on the field of live art. The first chapter introduces the concept as it was defined in the field of game studies, mainly by scholars of Tampere school. To fill this aim it makes use of terminology coming chiefly from social sciences. The second chapter describes the relationship between game and theatre including their common as well as dissimilar features and then adapts the pervasivity concept for the theatre field. The third chapter brings possible applications of the concept by presenting three examples of a piece's confrontation of everydayness: through accentation, fabrication and construction. The conclusion sums up possible pervasive moments in the examined pieces of art.

The thesis describes the process of development of an original script. Theory is offered in chapters dedicated to genre, structure, format. I put in categories different types of comic stories and comic characters. In addition the work proposes exercises, presents my personal creative texts and the final version of script is attached. Main goal of this work is to attract readers to develop a comedy script on their own.

From the very beginning, film announced its duality: the style of the documentary works of the film pioneers - the Lumi?re brothers, stood in opposition to the illusionistic experiments of Georges Méli?s. As film language developed, it became clear that film is a mimetic art in a sense that it possesses the quality of capturing reality itself, which was one of the reasons why so many people were obsessed by the silver screen. At the same time the audience was equally overwhelmed by the modification of the reality previously captured, into a deeper, less profane meaning. These subtile modifications (misrepresentations) of reality in film, are a prerequisite for conveying ideas that enrich the narrative and provoke the audience. Transcendence is immanent to film, and film authors base their personal style, their own credo, on experimenting, exploring, balancing within and appreciating this quality. A bundle of tools had been invented for this purpose, from composition of shapes to combination of colors, from narrative to editing techniques. A complete and precise list would be hard to deliver.