The research detailed in this thesis was focused on developing an experimental testing system to characterize the non-dimensional performance coefficients of horizontal axis kinetic turbines, including both wind turbines and tidal turbines. The testing rig was designed for use in a water tunnel with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) wake survey equipment to quantify the wake structures. Precision rotor torque measurement and speed control was included, along with the ability to yaw the rotor. The scale of the rotors were purposefully small, to enable rapid-prototyping techniques to be used to produce many different test rotors at low cost to furnish a large experimental dataset. The first part of this work introduces the mechanical design of the testing rig developed for measuring the output power of the scaled rotor models with consideration for the requirements imposed by the PIV wake measurements. The task was to design a rig to fit into an existing water tunnel facility with a cross sectional area of 45 by 45 cm, with a rotor support structure to minimize the flow disturbance while allowing for yawed inflow conditions. A rig with a nominal rotor diameter of 15 cm was designed and built. The size of the rotor was determined by studying the fluid similarities between wind and tidal turbines, and choosing the tip speed ratio as a scaling parameter. In order to maximize the local blade Reynolds number, and to obtain different tip speed ratios, the rig allows a rotational speed in the range of 500 to 1500 RPM with accurate rotor angular position measurements. Rotor torque measurements enable rotor mechanical power to be calculated from simulation results. Additionally, it is included in this section a description of the instrumentation for measurement and the data acquisition system. It was known from the outset that measurements obtained in the experiments would be subject to error due to blockage effects inherent to bounded testing facilities. Thus, the second part of this work was dedicated to developing a novel Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology to post-process the experimental data acquired. This approach utilizes the velocity field data at the rotor plane obtained from the water tunnel PIV test data, and CFD simulations based on the actuator disk concept to account for blockage without the requirement for thrust data which would have been unreliable at the low forces encountered in the tests. Finally, the third part of this work describes the practical aspects of the laboratory project, including a description of the operational conditions for turbine testing. A set of preliminary measurements and results are presented, followed by conclusions and recommendations for future work. Unfortunately, the water tunnel PIV system was broken and thus unavailable for more than a year, so only mechanical measurements were possible with the rig during the course of this thesis work. / Graduate

The aim of this diploma thesis is reconstruction of gearbox testing rig. Modernization will allow fully automatic long-term gearbox tests according to pre-defined test parameters. The first part of thesis describes commercial and scientific solutions of used testing rigs. Individual solutions are inspected and evaluated for applicability to upgrade the testing rig. The second part of diploma thesis deals with selection of purchased components for allowing automatic drive, design concepts, selection of appropriate design, assembly and installation of control board and calibration of used components. This part of diploma thesis deals with analysing of software solution made for automatic drive too. The output of this work is a functional sample of control hardware and software for automatic and manual control which contains recording of measured data.

The diesel particulate filter captures particulate matter that is produced in the diesel engine. A small fraction of particulate matter is comprised by ash forming matter. When the combustible fraction of particulate matter is removed from the filter, the ash, which is incombustible, remains. The accumulation of ash in the diesel particulate filter increases fuel consumption and shortens the lifetime of the filter. The study of ash accumulation in filters is mostly dependent on field tests; an expensive and time-consuming process. To establish a more economical testing method, both in terms of time and cost, the accumulation of ash in the filter has to be accelerated. Hence, a literature study to determine the important parameters affecting ash formation and deposition pattern has been performed and the results are presented in this thesis. Moreover, a design proposition for an accelerating ash accumulation test rig is presented. The rig design allows for the control of exhaust gas temperature and velocity, soot production rate and morphology, intervals between regeneration as well as position and method of ash forming matter introduction. A burner is used for the production of soot and ash, and the exhaust gases are guided to the filter by a blower placed downstream the filter. The blower compensates for the pressure drop, allowing the gas flow to be constant. For a more precise temperature control, a heater is placed before the inlet of the filter. The different ash production methods that can be tested are the injection of oil in the burner’s flame, the injection of oil in the gas stream, and the use of fuel doped with oil. By replacing the burner with a particle feeder, the rig can also fill the filter with ash; artificial, or collected from actual filters. Additionally, a set of considerations is provided to enable the accurate component specifications/ characterisation. The design is following a modular concept, i.e. the components’ position can change to accommodate various research goals. / Ett dieselpartikelfilter fångar partiklar som genereras vid förbränningen i en dieselmotor. En bråkdel av partiklarna består av askbildande material. När den brännbara delen avlägsnas från filtret återstår enbart aska (som inte är brännbar). Ackumuleringen av aska i ett dieselpartikelfilter ökar bränslekonsumtionen och förkortar filtrets livslängd. Studier av askackumulering i dieselpartikelfilter är främst beroende av fälttester, vilket är både kostsamt och tidsintensivt. För att ta fram en mer ekonomisk testmetod, både avseende tid och kostnad, måste askackumuleringen i filtret kunna accelereras. Således genomfördes en litteraturstudie för att fastställa vilka testparametrar som främst påverkar askbildning och depositionsmönster i filter. I enlighet med den målsättningen har arbeten från ett flertal forskare utvärderats och sammanställts till ett designförslag för en testrigg för accelererande askackumulering. Den föreslagna testriggen medger kontroll av avgastemperatur och flöde, sotbildning, sotmorfologi, regenereringsintervall samt hur det askproducerande materialet introduceras. En brännare används för produktion av sot och aska, varefter avgaserna leds till filtret med hjälp av en fläkt. Fläkten motverkar tryckgradienten mellan in- och utloppet,vilket medger ett konstant gasflöde. För en mer precis temperaturkontroll kan en värmare placeras framför filtrets inlopp. Askproduktionsmetoder som kan testas är oljeinjektion ibrännarens flamma, oljeinjektion i gasflödet och slutligen oljeberikat bränsle. Genom att byta en brännare mot en partikelmatare kan riggen även fylla filtret med aska; artificiellt skapad eller alternativt samlad från faktiska filter. Utöver detta presenteras en serie frågeställningar som bör tas i beaktande för att möjliggöra bra specifikation av de ingående komponenterna och -karakterisering. Den föreslagna testriggen är designad utifrån ett modulkoncept, vilket innebär att komponenternas inbördes konfigurering kan varieras för att möjliggöra olika typerav tester och forskningsmål. / Aska

<p>This report is product of a degree project accomplishment at Linnaeus University in Växjö, Sweden. It is about designing a testing rig for impact loading of beams for laboratory use.</p><p>The specimens to be used were 1 meter long 8 standard profiles given in the project assignment. The first step in this project was to design and dimension a testing rig which is suitable for laboratory use. The height and the maximum mass were chosen according to laboratory use conditions and safety issues. The second step was designing the fixation for the test sample to the testing rig without any dislocation by the impact load. The third step was to measure the falling height of the mass onto the test sample and measure the deflection of the beam. In this case, the precision of falling height was not very important but measuring the deflection of the beam with the highest possible precision was most important. A measurement system is used considering this factor.</p><p>The project started with the idea of affecting the impact loads on the standard steel construction beams. The aim of this project is to design an impact loading testing rig which can be used for the purpose of laboratory experiments and compare the real results from the experiments with the theoretical results from the calculations.</p><p>In the project, Solid Works and AutoCAD software are often used both in the drawings and strength and stress analyses.</p>

This report is product of a degree project accomplishment at Linnaeus University in Växjö, Sweden. It is about designing a testing rig for impact loading of beams for laboratory use. The specimens to be used were 1 meter long 8 standard profiles given in the project assignment. The first step in this project was to design and dimension a testing rig which is suitable for laboratory use. The height and the maximum mass were chosen according to laboratory use conditions and safety issues. The second step was designing the fixation for the test sample to the testing rig without any dislocation by the impact load. The third step was to measure the falling height of the mass onto the test sample and measure the deflection of the beam. In this case, the precision of falling height was not very important but measuring the deflection of the beam with the highest possible precision was most important. A measurement system is used considering this factor. The project started with the idea of affecting the impact loads on the standard steel construction beams. The aim of this project is to design an impact loading testing rig which can be used for the purpose of laboratory experiments and compare the real results from the experiments with the theoretical results from the calculations. In the project, Solid Works and AutoCAD software are often used both in the drawings and strength and stress analyses.

The hydraulic testing rig is a machine that is used to test the hydraulic valves.The present testing rigs are used according to only some particular specification, but in ourproject we have developed a process and implemented the idea for building a UniversalHydraulic Testing Rig which can be able to test any kind of valves with simple adjustments.The hydraulic valves are mainly designed to carry out the flow of the hydraulic fluid with thedesired pressures. But it is observed that there are many pressure losses in the flow whichleads to the unreached flow pressures as expected. In a pre-project to this work a patentedhydraulic valve designed to improve the flow pressure of the hydraulic fluid. The main targetof the design of the valve is to decrease pressure losses and give maximum output from theother end of the valve. The Hydraulic Testing Rig is designed with the help of design softwareand flow simulation process helps to know about the pressure flow from inlet to outlet ofthe valve. After the testing of the design, the valve is tested on the new universal hydraulictest rig developed in this project. With the future use of the hydraulic valve test rig, thesimilarities and variations are observed from both the simulations done and test results canbe compared to optimize the valve design further. With the combination of hydraulic test rigand redesign hydraulic valve we will provide and experimental test rig possibility to bringthe better and maximum design that could be attained reducing the energy losses in hydraulicvalve designs.

This diploma thesis is dedicated to mechnical desing, fabrication and assembly of experimental bearing testing rig. First part of the document contains research of current knowlege in the field of bearing testing and desings of currently used machines. In second part is conception of the testing rig described. Third part contains description of design variations that were designed. In Discussion is comented choices of final variants. Last part is dedicated to functional verification of the whole testing rig by first series of the tests.

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