Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2001. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Idiopathic Epiretinal membrane is a proliferation of contractile cells on the surface of the retina that typically occurs after posterior vitreous detachment. Though many questions have been raised on the causes of this condition, a greater debate has been on the treatment of this pathology. The literature suggest the potential benefit in peeling ILM, due to its inherent proliferative characteristics, along with the ERM, during the surgery, however sufficient data has yet to been found. Due to the lack of consensus in treatment of iERM, this study set forth to provide some insight on the surgical outcomes of patients that undergo combined peeling as well attempting to contribute to a potential surgical protocol in treating iERM. This was a retrospective case series study looking at 140 eyes from 126 iERM patients that underwent ERM surgical treatment at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center between 1998 and 2015. Pre- and post- operative visual acuities, lens status (phakic, aphakic, pseudophakic), type (kenalog with or without ICG) and duration (0.5min, 1 min, 1.5 min) of the stains used in the procedure, and any prior or successive surgeries were recorded and analyzed. Overall, ERM surgeries demonstrated a significant (p<0.0001) improvement in visual acuity. Furthermore, the combined peel patients demonstrated a significantly (p<0.0467) greater mean change in logMAR score when compared to ERM-only peel procedures. In addition, the combined peel group showed a smaller rate of recurrence. Lastly, simultaneous cataract surgery and the use of ILM stains did not have an impact on the outcome of ERM surgery. The study found that combined (ERM and ILM) peeling along with simultaneous cataract surgery, if a cataract was present, along with the utilization of ILM stains is cost-effective, safe, and effective approach in treating iERM and decreasing its recurrence.

Feo-hifomicose refere-se a infecções por fungos pigmentados escuros. Revisamos a casuística brasileira entre 1953 e 2010, apresentando as características clínico-epidemiológicas e diagnósticas de 17 casos. Nas quais a coloração de hematoxilina-eosina foi usada para visualizar alterações estruturais nas lesões; a coloração da prata para identificação dos microrganismos; e coloração de Fontana-Masson confirmou a melanina na parede fúngica. Os fungos cresceram sob aspecto de micélio e produziam pigmentos de melanina, que dão às colônias cor negra característica. A observação das características microscópicas dos cultivos forneceu a identificação etiológica. A feo-hifomicose está amplamente disseminada no Brasil. Entretanto, é subestimada devido a fixação das biopsias em formol, o que impede o isolamento em cultivos. / Phaeohyphomycosis refers to infection caused by darkly pigmented fungi. We reviewed the Brazilian casuistic from 1953 to 2010 and presented the clinicalepidemiologic and diagnostic features of addictional 17 cases. In the cases hematoxilin and eosin stain was used to look for structural changes of the infected lesion; Gomori’s methenamine-silver stain identified these organisms; and Fontana-Masson staining confirm the presence of melanin fungal cell wall. The organisms formed mycelial colonies and produced melanin-like pigments that give the colonies the characteristic dark color. The microscopic study of cultures identified etiology. The phaeohyphomycosis is a widespread tropical disease in Brazil. However, it is underestimated due to formalin fixation tissue specimens that oppose the prior cultures.

Feo-hifomicose refere-se a infecções por fungos pigmentados escuros. Revisamos a casuística brasileira entre 1953 e 2010, apresentando as características clínico-epidemiológicas e diagnósticas de 17 casos. Nas quais a coloração de hematoxilina-eosina foi usada para visualizar alterações estruturais nas lesões; a coloração da prata para identificação dos microrganismos; e coloração de Fontana-Masson confirmou a melanina na parede fúngica. Os fungos cresceram sob aspecto de micélio e produziam pigmentos de melanina, que dão às colônias cor negra característica. A observação das características microscópicas dos cultivos forneceu a identificação etiológica. A feo-hifomicose está amplamente disseminada no Brasil. Entretanto, é subestimada devido a fixação das biopsias em formol, o que impede o isolamento em cultivos. / Phaeohyphomycosis refers to infection caused by darkly pigmented fungi. We reviewed the Brazilian casuistic from 1953 to 2010 and presented the clinicalepidemiologic and diagnostic features of addictional 17 cases. In the cases hematoxilin and eosin stain was used to look for structural changes of the infected lesion; Gomori’s methenamine-silver stain identified these organisms; and Fontana-Masson staining confirm the presence of melanin fungal cell wall. The organisms formed mycelial colonies and produced melanin-like pigments that give the colonies the characteristic dark color. The microscopic study of cultures identified etiology. The phaeohyphomycosis is a widespread tropical disease in Brazil. However, it is underestimated due to formalin fixation tissue specimens that oppose the prior cultures.

Feo-hifomicose refere-se a infecções por fungos pigmentados escuros. Revisamos a casuística brasileira entre 1953 e 2010, apresentando as características clínico-epidemiológicas e diagnósticas de 17 casos. Nas quais a coloração de hematoxilina-eosina foi usada para visualizar alterações estruturais nas lesões; a coloração da prata para identificação dos microrganismos; e coloração de Fontana-Masson confirmou a melanina na parede fúngica. Os fungos cresceram sob aspecto de micélio e produziam pigmentos de melanina, que dão às colônias cor negra característica. A observação das características microscópicas dos cultivos forneceu a identificação etiológica. A feo-hifomicose está amplamente disseminada no Brasil. Entretanto, é subestimada devido a fixação das biopsias em formol, o que impede o isolamento em cultivos. / Phaeohyphomycosis refers to infection caused by darkly pigmented fungi. We reviewed the Brazilian casuistic from 1953 to 2010 and presented the clinicalepidemiologic and diagnostic features of addictional 17 cases. In the cases hematoxilin and eosin stain was used to look for structural changes of the infected lesion; Gomori’s methenamine-silver stain identified these organisms; and Fontana-Masson staining confirm the presence of melanin fungal cell wall. The organisms formed mycelial colonies and produced melanin-like pigments that give the colonies the characteristic dark color. The microscopic study of cultures identified etiology. The phaeohyphomycosis is a widespread tropical disease in Brazil. However, it is underestimated due to formalin fixation tissue specimens that oppose the prior cultures.

Orientador: Carlos Raimundo Ferreira Grosso / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T15:38:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_AndreaBarbosa_D.pdf: 1408161 bytes, checksum: b337fedcba99a6ce63c76b73fbcea3f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Neste trabalho a oleoresina de páprica oriunda de frutos maduros de pimentões (Capsicum annuum L.), foi encapsulada por processo de atomização, utilizando-se os agentes encapsulantes aglomerados porosos de grânulos de amido de arroz / gelatina e goma arábica. A extração da oleoresina encapsulada foi realizada em ultra-som durante cinco minutos em álcool etílico hidratado apresentando rendimentos de extração de 48,8 e 77,5% para os encapsulados em goma arábica, e aglomerados de amido/gelatina respectivamente. Os rendimentos em relação à retenção durante o processo de encapsulação, corrigidos pela deficiência do método de extração, foram de 100% para cápsulas de goma arábica e em torno de 89% para encapsulados de aglomerados porosos de grânulos de amido de arroz / gelatina, expressos em base úmida. A estabilidade da oleoresina livre e microencapsulada foi avaliada frente às diferentes condições de temperatura (- 18 °C; 25 ± 3°C; 50 °C) e ao efeito da luz, com parte das cápsulas sendo mantidas em ambiente sem iluminação. Em ambos ensaios cápsulas fabricadas com goma arábica apresentaram maior proteção a oleoresina de páprica quanto à perda da cor original. A morfologia da parede mostrou que a parede dos encapsulados de aglomerados porosos de grânulos de amido de arroz / gelatina apresentou porosidade e interstícios foram evidenciados na matriz individualmente e nos aglomerados; em relação as microcápsulas de goma arábica, observou-se parede contínua, sem rachaduras ou poros aparentes, mas apresentando concavidades na superfície provocadas pelo processo de secagem. A distribuição de tamanho das partículas foi unimodal, com tamanho médio de 16,0 mm para as cápsulas de goma arábica e 20,3 mm para os aglomerados porosos de grânulos de amido de arroz / gelatina. A funcionalidade das microcápsulas quanto à liberação do recheio, foi avaliada por adição a dois sistemas alimentícios, um contendo somente gel de gelatina incolor sem sabor e em outro, contendo proteína, gordura, carboidratos (bolo). A distribuição da cor foi homogênea em ambos os sistemas, ou seja, não foi verificado à formação de pontos de concentração de cor nos produtos. A avaliação sensorial foi realizada através do teste afetivo de aceitação em escala hedônica de nove pontos, em relação às formulações dos padrões de gel de gelatina e, de bolo isentas de microcápsulas e do teste de comparação da coloração pela escala estruturada mista. As notas obtidas foram altas para os dois produtos antes da ingestão, média na faixa de seis e sete para a gelatina contendo encapsulados dos aglomerados porosos de grânulos de amido de arroz/gelatina e de goma respectivamente, e média de sete e nove para os bolos / Abstract: In this study the resinous paprika oil obtained from ripe peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), was encapsulated by a spray drying process, in porous agglomerates of rice starch/gelatin and gum Arabic capsules. The process of extracting the encapsulated resinous oil was carried out by breaking the capsules by ultrasonication in a solvent (hydrated ethyl alcohol) for five minutes, showing yields of 48,8 and 77,5% when Arabic gum and starch/gelatin were used respectively. The yields during the encapsulation process with respect to the retention of resinous oil as compared to the amount added, corrected by extractions methods, was 100% for gum Arabic capsules and about 89% when starch granules were formed (wet base). The stabilities of the free and micro encapsulated resinous oils were evaluated under different temperature and light conditions (freezer - 18 °C; room temperature 25 ± 3°C; and 50°C). Exposing part of the capsules in a controlled illumination chamber and maintaining the other part in a chamber with no light tested the effect of light. In both trials (temperature and light), capsules produced with gum Arabic provided greater protection to the paprika resinous oil, with respect to loss of the original color. By morphological observations the porosity of the rice starch was apparent when this material was used as wall material, interstices being observed in the matrix both individually and when agglomerated. When gum Arabic was used as wall material, the walls of the capsules were continuous, with no apparent cracks or pores, although showing some indentations on the surface provoked by the drying process. The average size of the capsules was determined by measuring particle size, both presenting a unimodal distribution, with an average particle size of 16,0 mm for the gum Arabic capsules and 20,3 mm for the rice starch/gelatin. In order to determine the functionality of the microcapsules with respect to the liberation of the core material, the capsules were added to two food systems, a simple system containing non-colored gelatin with no added flavor, and a more complex system containing protein, fat and carbohydrate (cake mix). The color distribution was homogenous in both systems, no localized concentrations of color being noted in any of the products. A preference test with a nine point hedonic scale was used for the sensory evaluation of the gelatin formulations and the cakes, as compared to those containing no microcapsules. The scores for both products were high before tasting, in the range from 6 to 7 for the gelatin containing starch/gelatin and gum capsules respectively, and 7 and 9 for the cakes / Doutorado / Doutor em Alimentos e Nutrição

This report covers the investigation of the next generation of sensors to be used in the sensor based tube system known as SentusysTM. One essential feature of the next generation of sensors is high-temperature endurance. The sensors (strain gauges and thermocouples) have been produced by means of thermal spraying techniques, short-pulse laser ablation and laser cladding. It has been found that the sensors seem to work in general, however, much research and development remain.

L'epicocconone est un produit naturel tricyclique, de la famille des azaphilones, isolé en 2003 d'un champignon Epicoccum nigrum. Ce composé se lie de façon covalente aux amines, conduisant à la formation d'une énamine fluorescente. Cette réaction, réversible en fonction du pH, fait de ce composé un excellent marqueur de protéines pour la détection sur gels d'électrophorèse compatible avec une analyse de spectrométrie de masse. La synthèse de ce produit naturel a été débutée au sein de notre laboratoire en s'appuyant sur les travaux réalisés précédemment et mettant en jeu une étape clé de désaromatisation oxydante à l'aide d'iode hypervalent. Une étude méthodologique de réaction clé a permis de comparer l'efficacité et la diastéréosélectivité de l'oxydation effectuée par l'iode (III) ou l'iode (V). / Epicocconone is a tricyclic natural product of the azaphilone family, isolated from the fungus Epicoccum nigrum. This compound covalently binds to primary amines, leading to a protein conjugate which is highly fluorescent. This reaction, reversible according to the pH, make this compound an excellent protein stain compatible with mass spectrometry analysis. The synthesis of this natural product has been started in our laboratory based on the previous work in involves a key oxidative dearomatization using hypervalent iodine. Methodological studies of this key reaction allowed us to compare the efficiency and diastereoselectivity of iodine (III) and iodine (V) mediated oxidations.

Neurons of the nucleus reuniens thalami stained with Golgi methods are compared to cells in this nucleus labelled in retrograde fashion after hippocampal injections of horseradish peroxidase. The cellular morphology ranges from fusiform to multiangular with most cells showing radiating processes characteristic of neurons in the reticular core. Dendrites are long and relatively smooth, with a few sparsely distributed spinous processes. These cells are comparable to the cholinergic cells of the median septal/diagonal band area which also project into the hippocampal formation.

This study investigated the effects of repeated administrations of nicotine (0.7 mg/kg) on dendritic morphology in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), prefrontal cortex (Cg 3), and parietal cortex (Par 1). Animals were habituated for 3 days to a locomotor box, and after habituation, every second day for 5 weeks rats were placed into the locomotor chamber immediately after a subcutaneous injection of nicotine or saline. Rats demonstrated tolerance to an initial hypoactive response after each nicotine injection, and this was followed by an increase in activity after each injection (behavioral sensitization). This increase in activity was still present on a nicotine challenge after a 2-week abstinence period. One week after the nicotine challenge day, all rats were perfused and brains were removed. These brains we stained using Golgi-Cox procedures, and dendrites from the nucleus accumbens (N Acc), medial frontal cortex (Cg 3) and parietal cortex (Par 1) were analyzed using the camera lucida procedure. Results showed that rats receiving nicotine demonstrated an increase in dendritic length and spine density relative to controls in the NAcc and Cg3 brain areas, but not Par 1. The increase observed in the NAcc was significantly greater than what has been found with amphetamine or cocaine, and possible underlying mechanisms were discussed.