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The WTO Legal Regime for the Actionability of Agricultural Subsidies after the Expiry of the Peace ClauseCunha, Fabio C. 27 March 2012 (has links)
Because of the Agreement on Agriculture’s (AoA) Article 13, dubbed the “Peace Clause,” the challengeability of agricultural subsidies has been limited; Article 13 had the power to prevent several types of legal challenges. The Peace Clause has expired, and now many agricultural subsidies can be challenged under substantive provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1994) and the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement). However, there has been some uncertainty, because the new arrangement of agricultural subsidies’ challengeability is being defined by the interpretation and correlation of three different WTO agreements. This study verified, using a two-pronged method, that there is no conflict among the GATT 1994, the SCM Agreement and the AoA, and for this reason, they have to be applied together to regulate agricultural subsidies. This does not mean that all SCM Agreement provisions are automatically applied to agricultural subsidies, with a consequent free ride for challenges to agricultural subsidies. A successful challenge still has to overcome the SCM Agreement’s higher thresholds for challengeability compared with those of the GATT 1994 period. This condemnation became more difficult after the implementation of the WTO. Consequently, the goals established in the AoA of substantial and progressive reductions in agricultural support and protection still have to be accomplished.
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Die Bedeutung von Zwangslizenzen im Rahmen des TRIPS-Abkommens : unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Spannungsverhältnisses zwischen patentrechtlichen Vorgaben und gesundheitspolitischen Erfordernissen /Ridder, Claudia. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Univ., Diss.--Münster (Westfalen), 2004. / Literaturverz. S. 271 - 294.
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Regionale Integration und multilaterale Handelsordnung /Zimmermann, Ralf. January 1999 (has links)
Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Diss., 1999.
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Präferenzabkommen im Europarecht und im Welthandelsrecht /Niedrist, Gerhard. January 2009 (has links)
Universität Salzburg, Diss., 2006/2007.
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Importrestriktionen aus Gründen des Tier- und Artenschutzes im Recht der WTO : dargestellt namentlich am Beispiel des Pelzhandels unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ausnahmebestimmung von Art. XX lit. a GATT sowie des schweizerischen Verfassungsgrundsatzes der Würde der Kreatur /Stohner, Nils. January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. Univ. Bern, 2005. / Ed. commerciale de la thèse de Bern, 2005. Bibliogr.
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Tatsachenermittlung im Streitbeilegungsverfahren der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO) /Palichleb, Maritheres. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. Univ. Kiel, 2006. / Zugl.: Diss. Univ. Kiel, 2006.
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GATT/OMC: uma análise institucional / GATT/WTO: an institutional analysisTatiana de Macedo Nogueira Lima 20 September 2004 (has links)
A dissertação analisa como, ao longo do tempo, o GATT adquiriu características de instituição (North) e como seu funcionamento tornou possível a criação de uma organização internacional do comércio (OMC). / This work reports how GATT became an institution and how it made possible the creation of the WTO.
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Trade facilitation under the WTO multilateral system : the key to ensuring sustainable development in Southern Africa through intra-regional tradeJordaan, Ruan 05 October 2010 (has links)
No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted
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The WTO Legal Regime for the Actionability of Agricultural Subsidies after the Expiry of the Peace ClauseCunha, Fabio C. January 2012 (has links)
Because of the Agreement on Agriculture’s (AoA) Article 13, dubbed the “Peace Clause,” the challengeability of agricultural subsidies has been limited; Article 13 had the power to prevent several types of legal challenges. The Peace Clause has expired, and now many agricultural subsidies can be challenged under substantive provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1994) and the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement). However, there has been some uncertainty, because the new arrangement of agricultural subsidies’ challengeability is being defined by the interpretation and correlation of three different WTO agreements. This study verified, using a two-pronged method, that there is no conflict among the GATT 1994, the SCM Agreement and the AoA, and for this reason, they have to be applied together to regulate agricultural subsidies. This does not mean that all SCM Agreement provisions are automatically applied to agricultural subsidies, with a consequent free ride for challenges to agricultural subsidies. A successful challenge still has to overcome the SCM Agreement’s higher thresholds for challengeability compared with those of the GATT 1994 period. This condemnation became more difficult after the implementation of the WTO. Consequently, the goals established in the AoA of substantial and progressive reductions in agricultural support and protection still have to be accomplished.
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Pravomoc Evropské unie regulovat GMO / Competence of the European Union to Regulate GMOsVyletová, Veronika January 2015 (has links)
The thesis is devoted to legal regulation of genetically modified food and feed in the European Union. It tries to answer the question: whether and how to regulate use of GMO and the future of the regulation. Considerations are supplemented by European jurisprudence. The work also provides dispute between the European Union and the World Trade Organization concerning the adjustment of the use of genetically modified organisms. Based on available information, thesis leads to inviolable of the protection of the European consumers after the effectiveness of the Transatlantic trade and investment partnership between the European Union and the United States.
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