Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur rekryteringsprocessen vid anställning av chef går till samt vikten av organisatorisk och personlig matchning av chef och företag. Författarna är även intresserade av betydelsen av psykologiska kontrakt i rekryteringssammanhang. Studien är inriktad mot rekryteringsföretag specialiserade på chefsrekrytering som organisationsmässigt skiljer sig så mycket som möjligt från varandra för att få en bredare syn. Undersökningen har delats in i olika områden som består av rekryteringsprocessen, meriter och personlighet samt organisatorisk passform. Studien är utförd genom intervjuer på sju deltagande rekryteringsföretag belägna i Mälardalen. Resultatet visar att det avgörande för rekryteringsprocessen är kravprofilsmötet där rekryteraren möter företaget som ska anställa. Efter en grundläggande kompetens passande uppdraget, är det personligheten som avgör vem som får jobbet.

The purpose of this study is to extend the theoretical model of organizational politics in different contextual situations by using cross-level analytical framework. In accordance with the social exchange perspective, this study draws on a reciprocated subjective cognitive state that existed between the employee and workplace (psychological contract breach) as a mediator to connect the relationship between group political climate and turnover intention. Additionally, this research also employed the situational strength perspective by introducing a group characteristic variable (group interaction) to investigate its moderating effect on the relationship between group political climate, psychological contract breach and turnover intention. Data were collected from 56 work groups consisted of 750 work group members who provided the information about group political climate, psychological contract breach, turnover intention, group interaction and demographic variables. Hierarchical linear modeling techniques were applied to test the full model. The results reveal that individual employees¡¦ psychological contract breach partially mediate the relationship between group political climate and turnover intention. Further, group interaction moderates the mediated relationship between group political climate, psychological contract breach, and individual employees¡¦ turnover intention. Lastly, groups with high degree of group interaction could lessen their employees¡¦ turnover intention induced by group political climate.

The distribution industry has created high GDP and employment in this country and has become one of the key elements of Taiwan¡¦s economy. In the labor-intensive distribution industry, human resource plays an important role. Fully utilized human resource can create powerful competitive force for an organization. Therefore, from the aspect of human resource management, this paper is intended to explore the relationship among psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship behavior of the employees of Taiwan distribution industry. The subject of this study is the employees in the distribution industry. Questionnaire survey was used in this study. Seven hundred (700) questionnaires were sent out , in which 491 were effective. The findings are as follows¡G Psychological contract has significant negative influence on trust. 1.Trust has significant positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior. 2.Some of the psychological contracts have significant negative influence on organizational citizenship behavior. 3.Trust has significant intervening effect between psychological contract and organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, Some of the personal attributes or organizational characteristics have significant deviation on the psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship behavior. Based on the findings, intervening models can be formed among psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship behavior. This study will assist the further development of the theories about psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship. This paper is also to provide practical suggestions on the human resource management in the distribution industry.

In the traditional employment relationship, contract is an essential element to sustain the mutual relationship between employer and employee. In recent years, with the changes of business environment brought forward by the increasing globalization of business and by the dramatic rise in the numbers of mergers and restructurings, there has been a transformation of employment relationship. Psychological contract, a special type of contract, has become increasingly important under such dynamic environment. After reviewing previous academic researches, we found that the issue about the concept of psychological contract was found in relation with employees¡¦ behavior. Based on the previous opinion, this study expects to prove that psychological contract fulfillment is strongly related to employees¡¦ behavior. We also discuss the moderating effect of personality on the relationship between psychological contract fulfillment and employees¡¦ behavior. We therefore intend to use questionnaire survey and using Taiwanese corporate with intention to prove the hypothesis of this paper. The major finding of this study are as following¡G 1¡BDifferent types of psychological contracts fulfillment are positively related to employees¡¦in-role behavior. 2¡BDifferent types of psychological contracts fulfillment have different impact on organizational citizenship behaviors directed at other individuals within the organization. 3¡BPersonality has no moderating effect on the relationship between psychological contract fulfillment and employees¡¦ behavior. 4¡BPersonality has strong moderating effect on the relationship between psychological contract fulfillment and organizational citizenship behaviors directed at the organization.

Employment relations literature is concerned with what is exchanged between the employer and the employee via an employment contract, a social contract or a psychological contract, with perceived mutual obligations (Rousseau, 1995; Capelli, 1999; Kalleberg, 2001). The psychological contract finds its foundation in the perceptions of the employee, that is, what the employee believe the employer has offered the employee in terms of their work relationship and the social contract refers to the expectations and obligations employers and employees have for their work and the employment relationship (Grahl, & Teague, 2009). The new employment contract differs from the old employment contract in that it is largely informal and even unwritten (Gilbert, 1996). This is in line with the new trend of business management as used by people-driven world-class organisations with a globalised focus (Gilbert, 1996). A research need exists to examine the potentially different or redundant effects of promises and expectations on the development of the obligations that are perceived to constitute the employment, the social and the psychological contracts (Martocchio, 2004; Shore, Tetrick, Taylor, Coyle-Shapiro, Liden, McLean-Parks, et al. 2004). The primary objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between the social- and the psychological contracts of private security employees (N=217) in the Vaal Triangle in terms of employability, job insecurity, job satisfaction, life satisfaction and intention to quit. This study is submitted in article form. The research method for each of the two articles consists of a brief literature review and an empirical study. Factor analyses, as well as Cronbach alpha coefficients were computed to assess the reliability of the research. Validity, Pearson product moment correlation coefficients as well as regression analysis were utilised to examine the relationship between the constructs employed in this research. The Employment Contract Scale (ECS) was also utilised as a research instrument, as the questionnaire-method proves to be largely reliable. Reliability analysis confirmed sufficient internal consistency of the subscales. The observed correlations were found to be comparable with the values reported in previous research by Edward and Karau (2007). By using multiple regression analysis, it was established that by investigating the relationship between the social- and the psychological contracts of private security employees (N=217) in the Vaal Triangle in terms of employability, job insecurity, job satisfaction, life satisfaction and intention to quit (the primary objective of this research) that job satisfaction and intention to quit predicted the social contract and that job satisfaction and life satisfaction predicted the psychological contract. No relationship however exists between employability, intention to quit and the psychological contract. Recommendations are advanced for future research. / MA (Labour Relations Management) ,North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013

Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Forskningen om det psykologiska kontraktet är ofta okänd i organisationer som använder sig av mål- och prestationsstyrning (Petersitzke, 2009). Denna studies syfte var att undersöka med- arbetares upplevelser av mål- och prestationsstyrning relaterad till innehållet i deras psykologiska kontrakt. Mål- och prestationsstyrning undersöktes utifrån måltydlighet och feedback respektive psykologisk empowerment. Det psykologiska kontraktets innehåll studerades utifrån löften och åtaganden samt tillit och rättvisa. Urvalet bestod av 77 personer i olika organisationer som fick besvara en webenkät. Resultatet visade samband mellan upplevelsen av måltydlighet och feedback och tilliten till arbetsgivaren liksom ett samband mellan upplevelsen av måltydlighet och feedback och arbetsgivarens löften och åtaganden. Utifrån self-determinationteorin tycktes det finnas möjligheter att genom mål- och prestationsstyrning öka samstämmigheten mellan medarbetare och arbetsgivare gällande det psykologiska kontraktets innehåll.

This study sought to answer critical questions surrounding the impact that national culture has on specific parts of the employment experience of employees working for multinational organizations. As globalization expands and organizations are gaining larger footprints beyond regional operations, there has become a need to understand how cultural nuances could be playing a role in the employee experiences at these organizations. This study looks at two pieces of the employee experience in great detail, the psychological contract and job satisfaction. Understanding the process that builds psychological contracts between employee and employer is a critical piece to promoting a satisfied and productive workforce. The perception of a breach of the psychological contract has substantial negative implications. Understanding how the psychological contract and employee job satisfaction are linked is a key focus of this study. Binary logistic regression and path analysis were conducted on a sample of employees of multinational organizations which provided key findings and evidence that both nationality and job satisfaction play a statistically significant role in the perception of a psychological contract breach. The path analysis provided results that warrant further research, but was unable to substantiate the moderating effects of the dimensions of national culture on job satisfaction and psychological contract breach. Implications and recommendations for multinational organizations and learning technology practitioners are discussed as well as recommendations for future research.

Forskning visar att ledares förväntningar på medarbetarna är betydelsefullt för att skapa ett gott arbetsklimat, trots detta är forskningsområdet relativt outforskat. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka ledares förväntningar på medarbetare, utifrån hur medarbetarna kan bidra till ett gott arbetsklimat. Studien utfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med 8 ledare, med ett åldersspann på 34-55 år, det var fem män och tre kvinnor. Det insamlade materialet meningskoncentrerades och analyserades med en narrativ metod. Resultatet visade att ledare kan tydliggöra sina förväntningar på sina medarbetare genom tydlig kommunikation, delaktighet och uppföljning. Resultatet visade även att de faktorer som ledarna beskrev som viktiga för arbetsklimatets framtid var; att ge feedback, att ha målfokus, att ta ansvar för arbetsklimatet och att tydliggöra förväntningar.Slutsatsen blev att det finns ett behov av att tydliggöra de förväntningar som ledarna har på sina medarbetare. Det visade också att involvera medarbetarna i arbetsklimatarbeten och att skapa en medvetenhet om ett gemensamt ansvar för arbetsklimatet kan vara ett betydelsefullt sätt att göra detta.