The use of a counter-balance weight system of a Smith machine affects measures of bench press throw performance. Twenty-four men performed bench press throws at 30% of their one-repetition maximum under four different conditions: 1) counter-balance and rebound movement (RC), 2) no counter-balance and rebound movement (RNC), 3) counter-balance and concentric only movement (CC), and 4) no counter-balance and concentric only movement (CNC). Peak power, force, and concentric and eccentric velocities were measured using a linear accelerometer; and peak ground reaction force (GRF) was measured using a forceplate. Peak measures for concentric and eccentric velocities showed that NCB> CB and RBT > CBT. Peak GRF measures showed CB > NCB and RBT > CBT. The lower performance measures for CB were likely due to an increase in the net external load when the barbell accelerates faster than the gravitational constant causing the counter-balance weight becomes ineffective.

No description available.

This study attempted to explore the phenomenon of free throw shooting under pressure. The participants in the study were 10, Division III college basketball players who agreed to take part in an interview centered around free throw shooting. The data were gathered from the responses of the players, using a semi-structured interview, developed by the researcher with the suggestions and approval of an expert basketball panel, comprised of sport psychology professors, NBA sport psychologists, basketball coaches, and former players. Four of the interviews were done in person, while the other six were done over the phone. The interviews were transcribed and coded using a constant comparative method described by Boeije (2002). This entailed a process of open coding, which resulted in 65 codes. Of these 65 codes, 57 codes were assigned into eight categories during a process of axial coding. These categories were as follows; routine, practice, focus, pressure, pressure management skills, confidence, clutch factors, and non-clutch factors. Confidence was technically a sub-category of clutch factors, but was deemed large and separate enough to be its own category. The coding of interviews went through a process of inter-rater reliability via an independent coder. The independent coder and the researcher agreed on over 86% of the coded responses. The disagreements were discussed and a mutual understanding was established. Players emphasized the importance of a pre-shot routine, especially under high-pressure circumstances. Players discussed the importance of practice in preparation for high-pressure free throws. Players gave their level of focus on task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli when attempting free throws, both under normal circumstances and under pressure circumstances. Players revealed pressure management strategies that they used to aid in the performance of attempting high pressure free throws. Possible links to clutch performance were explored by the researcher. / Kinesiology

The present investigation was to determine if combining two mental preparation strategies would be more effective than a single strategy. In Experiment 1, subjects (n=40) performed basketball free-throws (20 shots) using one of these mental strategies: 1) imagery, 2) relaxation, 3)relaxation plus imagery, 4) placebo control. Results indicated a significant main effect with the imagery group performing significantly better than the placebo control group. In Experiment 2, subjects (n=40) performed five trials on an isokinetic leg-strength task using one of the following mental strategies: 1) preparatory arousal, 2) imagery, 3) preparatory arousal plus imagery, 4) placebo control. Results indicated a significant trials main effect with all subjects improving over time. State anxiety results indicated that the combination group exhibited higher levels of anxiety than all other conditions.

Tyrimo objektas. 2011 metų Europos moterų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių moterų krepšinio komandų baudos metimų rodikliai. Hipotezė – komandos, laimėjusios rungtynes baudos metimais pelnys daugiau taškų, nei komandos, kurios pralaimėjo rungtynes. Tyrimo tikslas. Nustatyti 2011 metų Europos moterų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų moterų olimpinių žaidynių moterų krepšinio komandų baudos metimų rodiklius, bei įtaką galutiniam oficialių rungtynių rezultatui. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti rungtynes laimėjusių ir pralaimėjusių komandų baudos metimais pelnomų taškų skaičių rungtynėse ir pagal atskirus kėlinius; 2. Nustatyti moterų krepšinio komandų baudos metimais pelnomų taškų skaičių įtemptose rungtynėse, kurios baigėsi mažesniu nei 10 taškų skirtumu; 3. Nustatyti moterų krepšinio komandų baudos metimais pelnomų taškų skaičių atkrintamųjų ir finalinių rungtynių metu; 4. Nustatyti ir įvertinti rungtynes laimėjusių ir pralaimėjusių komandų baudos metimais pelnomų taškų įtaką galutiniam rungtynių rezultatui. Tyrimo rezultatai. 2011 metų Europos moterų krepšinio čempionate, baudos metimais buvo pelnoma 11,7 ± 4,8 taško vidutiniškai per vienas rungtynes, o olimpinėse žaidynėse 12,6 ± 5,2 taško. Įtemptose rungtynėse, kurios baigėsi mažesniu nei 10 taškų skirtumu, moterų Europos čempionato metu baudos metimais pelnyta 11,4 ± 4,1 taško, o olimpinių žaidynių metu baudos metimai sudarė 13,9 ± 4,9 taško vidutiniškai per vienas rungtynes. Europos čempionate... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The research object. The rates of penalty free throws of women basketball teams, during the 2011 European Women Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics. Hypothesis – the teams which have won the game, will earn more points of the free-throw, than the ones who have lost the game. The aim of the research. To determine the rates of penalty free throws of women basketball teams, during the 2011 European Women Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, and their influence to the final, official result of the game. Research objectives: 1. To determine the points earned from the free-throw line of both: winning and loosing teams, during the whole game and by individual quarters; 2. To determine the points earned from the free-throw line by women basketball teams, during tense games which have ended by less than a 10 point difference; 3. To determine the points earned by women basketball teams, from penalty free throws, during the play-offs and finals; 4. To determine the influence of the points earned from the free-throw line by the winning and the loosing teams to the final, official result of the game. Research results. During the 2011 European Women Basketball Championship, the average number of points earned from the free-throw line during one game was 11,7 ± 4,8, while during the 2012 Summer Olympics the number was 12,6 ± 5,2. During tense games which have ended by less than a 10 point difference, 11,4 ± 4,1 points were earned from the free-throw line... [to full text]

Tyrimo objektas: Didelio meistriškumo vyrų krepšinio komandų baudos metimų rodikliai. Tyrimo tikslas: Nustatyti ir įvertinti vyrų krepšinio komandos „Žalgiris“ baudos metimų rodiklių poveikį Eurolygos 2011-2012 metų sezono rungtynių rezultatui. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti ir įvertinti vyrų krepšinio komandų „Žalgirio“ bei jų varžovų baudos metimų kokybinius rodiklius Eurolygos rungtynių metu ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. 2. Nustatyti ir įvertinti vyrų krepšinio komandų „Žalgirio“ bei jų varžovų baudos metimų kiekybinius rodiklius Eurolygos rungtynių metu ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. 3. Nustatyti vyrų krepšinio komandos „Žalgiris“ baudos metimų rodiklius (skaičių ir tikslumą) pagal žaidėjų pozicijas. 4. Nustatyti, kokia baudos metimais pelnomų taškų procentinė išraiška nuo galutinio rungtynių rezultato. Tyrimo rezultatai: 2011/2012 metų Eurolygos sezone vyrų krepšinio komandos laimėjusios rungtynes pelno po 82,6 ± 9,1, o pralaimėjusios komandos po 72,1 ± 7,2. Laimėjusios komandos meta daugiau ir tiksliau baudos metimų nei pralaimėjusios atitinkamai 21,4 ± 8,0 taškų, 74,9 proc. tikslumu (vidutiniškai per vienas rungtynes) ir 19,3 ± 6,7 taškų, 73,4 proc. tikslumu. Pagal atskirus rungtynių kėlinius viso Eurolygos sezono metu laimėjusios komandos metė: pirmajame kėlinyje – 2.6 ± 5,1 baudos metimus, 79 proc. tikslumu; antrajame 2,8 ± 3,4, 69 % tikslumu; trečiajame po – 4,1 ± 4,3, 76,8 proc. tikslumu; ketvirtajame kėlinyje – 5,2 ± 8 baudos metimų, 73,4 proc. tikslumu. Pagal... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object. Men’s elite basketball team’s free throws stats. The aim of research. To identify and assess free throws influence as the outcome of Euroleague seasaon 2011- 2012 match, of „Žalgiris“ men’s basketball team. Tasks of the research. 1. To identify and assess men’s basketball team „Žalgiris“ and their opponents qualitative indicators of free throws during the match time and under separate quarters in the Euroleague matches 2. To identify and assess men’s basketball team „Žalgiris“ and their opponents quantitative indicators of free throws during the match time and under separate quarters in the Euroleague matches. 3. To indentify men's basketball team „Žalgiris“ free throws stats (number and accuracy) according to the player's position. 4. Identify what kind of a free throw percentage of points earned from the final score. Results. In 2011/2012 men’s Euroleague season winner teams average scored 82,6 ± 9,1 points, loser teams scored 72,1 ± 7,2 points. Winner teams attempted and made more free throws than loser teams respectively 21,4 ± 8,0 points, 74,9 proc. accuracy (on average per game), and 19,3 ± 6,7 points, 73,4 proc. accuracy. Winner teams free throws shot under separate quarters during whole Euroleague season: 1’st quarter – 2,6 ± 5,1, 79 proc. accuracy. 2’nd quarter – 2,8 ± 3,4, 69 proc. 3’rd quarter – 4,1 ± 4,3, 76,8 proc. 4’th quarter – 5,2 ± 8,0 free throws, 73,4 proc. accuracy. Loser teams free throws shot under separate quarters during whole Euroleague... [to full text]

Tyrimo objektas. 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių vyrų krepšinio komandų baudos metimų kokybiniai ir kiekybiniai rodikliai. Tyrimo tikslas. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius viso čempionato metu ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. 2. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius rungtynėse, kurios baigėsi mažesniu nei 10 taškų skirtumu ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. 3. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius atkrintamosiose rungtynėse ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. Tyrimo rezultatai. Europos čempionate vyrų krepšinio komandos vidutiniškai metė po 19,6 ± 6,4 baudos metimo, šių metimų tikslumas sudarė 73,5 %, o olimpinėse žaidynėse 19,9 ± 7,4, kurių tikslumas siekė 69,6 %. Įtemptose rungtynėse, Europos čempionato metu baudos metimais buvo mesta 20,6 ± 6,7 (tikslumas 72,9 %). Olimpinėse žaidynėse buvo atlikta 20,1 ± 7,6 metimų nuo baudos metimo linijos (tikslumas 70,3 %). Atkrintamosiose rungtynėse čempionato metu baudos metimais buvo atlikta 16,8 ± 5,2 (tikslumas 76,4 %). Pagrindinė išvada. 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionate baudos metimais buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The research object. The qualitative and quantitative rates of the penalty free throws of men basketball teams, during the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Olympics. Hypothesis – the teams which have won the game, earn a significantly greater number of points form the free-throw line, than the ones who have lost the game. The aim of the research. To determine and evaluate the rates of penalty free throws of men basketball teams, during the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Olympics. Research objectives: 1. To determine and evaluate the points earned from the free-throw line during the games of the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, counting free-throws of the whole game and of individual quarters; 2. To determine and evaluate the points earned from the free-throw line by men basketball teams, during tense games of the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, which have ended by less than a 10 point difference, and also to count them by individual quarters. 3. To determine and evaluate the points earned by men basketball teams during the play-offs of the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, and also to count them by individual quarters. Research results. During the European Championship, men basketball teams threw averagely 19,6 ± 6,4 free throws, with the accuracy of 73,5 %, while during the Summer Olympics, the number of throws was 19... [to full text]

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:24:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Alan Primo.pdf: 3445063 bytes, checksum: 29c3b04fea727923f8cfb2b19dba08d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-06 / The uniformity of the application in the soil of fertilizers is an important factor in the efficiency of use of the fertilizers and his effect stop plants. The distributors of fertilizers to I throw demand her some basic tunings in what concerns to the flow and work width. The rehearsals of work width and distribution uniformity are of difficult execution for the farmer for they demand equipments, resources and complex methods. Therefore, this work had as objective evaluates alternative collectors to turn more accessible the tuning and evaluation of distributors of fertilizers solid her throw. The work was accomplished in the Agrarian Foundation of Agricultural Research - FAPA, located in the district of Among Rivers, municipal district of Guarapuava - Paraná. Four different groups of collectors were used: i) Collectors built according to the norm ISO 5690/1; ii) Collectors of polyethylene (plastic trays) with soubrette to avoid the material rebound; iii) Collectors formed by boxes of milk long life; iv) Collectors formed by vases of polyethylene (Number 3,5). To the evaluation of the strip of traverse distribution, the collectors were distributed side by side parallel amongst themselves, forming a traverse line to the displacement of the tractor and distributor. A tractor was used Ford, model 7630, in which distributors were coupled: Jan, model Lancer Master 1200; Incomagri, model Sembra 1300-P AH; and Nogueira, model Rota Flow. The alternative collectors presented a larger retention than the established collectors. This relative difference among the collections was larger in the extremities of the distribution profile. The width executes of work obtained for the coefficients of variation of 12,5, 15, 17,5 and 20% varied among the collectors in the different courses. The collector that more it resembled each other the norm were the vases of polyethylene. It was observed that the height of the collectors went more important for his/her efficiency of what his/her collection area. / A uniformidade da aplicação no solo de fertilizantes é um importante fator na eficiência de uso dos fertilizantes e seu efeito para as plantas. Os distribuidores de fertilizantes a lanço exigem algumas regulagens básicas no que concerne à vazão e largura de trabalho. Os ensaios de largura de trabalho e uniformidade de distribuição são de difícil execução para o agricultor por exigirem equipamentos, recursos e métodos complexos. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar coletores alternativos para tornar mais acessível a regulagem e avaliação de distribuidores de fertilizantes sólidos a lanço. O trabalho foi realizado na Fundação Agrária de Pesquisa Agropecuária FAPA, localizada no distrito de Entre Rios, município de Guarapuava - Paraná. Foram utilizados quatro diferentes conjuntos de coletores: i) Coletores construídos segundo a norma ISO 5690/1; ii) Coletores de polietileno (bandejas plásticas) com sombrite para evitar o ricochete de material; iii) Coletores formados por caixas de leite longa vida; iv) Coletores formados por vasos de polietileno (Número 3,5). Para a avaliação da faixa de distribuição transversal, os coletores foram distribuídos lado a lado paralelos entre si, formando uma linha transversal ao deslocamento do trator e distribuidor. Foi utilizado um trator Ford, modelo 7630, no qual foram acoplados distribuidores: Jan, modelo Lancer Master 1200; Incomagri, modelo Sembra 1300-P AH; e Nogueira, modelo Rota Flow. Os coletores alternativos apresentaram uma retenção maior que os coletores normatizados. Esta diferença relativa entre as coletas foi maior nas extremidades do perfil de distribuição. A largura efetiva de trabalho obtida para os coeficientes de variação de 12,5, 15, 17,5 e 20% variou entre os coletores nos diferentes percursos. O coletor que mais se assemelhou a norma foram os vasos de polietileno. Observou-se que a altura dos coletores foi mais importante para sua eficiência do que a sua área de coleta.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:47:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Alan Primo.pdf: 3445063 bytes, checksum: 29c3b04fea727923f8cfb2b19dba08d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-06 / The uniformity of the application in the soil of fertilizers is an important factor in the efficiency of use of the fertilizers and his effect stop plants. The distributors of fertilizers to I throw demand her some basic tunings in what concerns to the flow and work width. The rehearsals of work width and distribution uniformity are of difficult execution for the farmer for they demand equipments, resources and complex methods. Therefore, this work had as objective evaluates alternative collectors to turn more accessible the tuning and evaluation of distributors of fertilizers solid her throw. The work was accomplished in the Agrarian Foundation of Agricultural Research - FAPA, located in the district of Among Rivers, municipal district of Guarapuava - Paraná. Four different groups of collectors were used: i) Collectors built according to the norm ISO 5690/1; ii) Collectors of polyethylene (plastic trays) with soubrette to avoid the material rebound; iii) Collectors formed by boxes of milk long life; iv) Collectors formed by vases of polyethylene (Number 3,5). To the evaluation of the strip of traverse distribution, the collectors were distributed side by side parallel amongst themselves, forming a traverse line to the displacement of the tractor and distributor. A tractor was used Ford, model 7630, in which distributors were coupled: Jan, model Lancer Master 1200; Incomagri, model Sembra 1300-P AH; and Nogueira, model Rota Flow. The alternative collectors presented a larger retention than the established collectors. This relative difference among the collections was larger in the extremities of the distribution profile. The width executes of work obtained for the coefficients of variation of 12,5, 15, 17,5 and 20% varied among the collectors in the different courses. The collector that more it resembled each other the norm were the vases of polyethylene. It was observed that the height of the collectors went more important for his/her efficiency of what his/her collection area. / A uniformidade da aplicação no solo de fertilizantes é um importante fator na eficiência de uso dos fertilizantes e seu efeito para as plantas. Os distribuidores de fertilizantes a lanço exigem algumas regulagens básicas no que concerne à vazão e largura de trabalho. Os ensaios de largura de trabalho e uniformidade de distribuição são de difícil execução para o agricultor por exigirem equipamentos, recursos e métodos complexos. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar coletores alternativos para tornar mais acessível a regulagem e avaliação de distribuidores de fertilizantes sólidos a lanço. O trabalho foi realizado na Fundação Agrária de Pesquisa Agropecuária FAPA, localizada no distrito de Entre Rios, município de Guarapuava - Paraná. Foram utilizados quatro diferentes conjuntos de coletores: i) Coletores construídos segundo a norma ISO 5690/1; ii) Coletores de polietileno (bandejas plásticas) com sombrite para evitar o ricochete de material; iii) Coletores formados por caixas de leite longa vida; iv) Coletores formados por vasos de polietileno (Número 3,5). Para a avaliação da faixa de distribuição transversal, os coletores foram distribuídos lado a lado paralelos entre si, formando uma linha transversal ao deslocamento do trator e distribuidor. Foi utilizado um trator Ford, modelo 7630, no qual foram acoplados distribuidores: Jan, modelo Lancer Master 1200; Incomagri, modelo Sembra 1300-P AH; e Nogueira, modelo Rota Flow. Os coletores alternativos apresentaram uma retenção maior que os coletores normatizados. Esta diferença relativa entre as coletas foi maior nas extremidades do perfil de distribuição. A largura efetiva de trabalho obtida para os coeficientes de variação de 12,5, 15, 17,5 e 20% variou entre os coletores nos diferentes percursos. O coletor que mais se assemelhou a norma foram os vasos de polietileno. Observou-se que a altura dos coletores foi mais importante para sua eficiência do que a sua área de coleta.