M.Sc. (Dent.), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1958.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1949.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1961.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1959.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bdtd64931.pdf: 725709 bytes, checksum: e506cf320238d8d1a757e736677a5cda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / O estudo da preval?ncia e fatores de risco dos h?bitos bucais de suc??o n?o nutritiva ? de grande relev?ncia para a Odontologia Preventiva e Interceptativa porque abrange conhecimentos do crescimento e desenvolvimento dentofacial e os aspectos psicol?gicos relacionados aos mecanismos de instala??o e persist?ncia destes h?bitos ap?s a idade de 5 anos, onde come?am a produzir altera??es oclusais e faciais permanentes. Objetivo: Esse estudo objetiva verificar a preval?ncia de h?bitos bucais e os prov?veis fatores de risco ? persist?ncia dos mesmos. Metodologia: O presente trabalho pesquisou 1.190 crian?as na faixa et?ria de 3 a 5 anos matriculadas em creches e pr?-escolas das redes de ensino p?blica e privada da cidade do Natal. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um question?rio estruturado respondido pelos pais ou respons?vel. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram uma preval?ncia de 41% de h?bitos de suc??o n?o nutritiva, distribu?dos em 28,5% suc??o de chupeta e 12,5% suc??o de dedo. Foi encontrada rela??o entre a presen?a de h?bitos de suc??o de chupeta e a idade, renda, tempo de amamenta??o e escolaridade dos pais (p<0,05). A preval?ncia do h?bito de suc??o do dedo esteve relacionada ao sexo, renda, escolaridade dos pais e posi??o da crian?a na fam?lia (p<0,05). A freq??ncia de h?bitos de suc??o apresentou associa??o com o sexo, idade e escolaridade da m?e (p<0,05). Amamenta??o inferior a 6 meses (ORaj=2,931), renda familiar maior que 5 sal?rios (ORaj= 2,183) e idade de 3 anos (ORaj= 1,566) se apresentaram como fatores de risco independentes para o desenvolvimento do h?bito de chupeta. Para o desenvolvimento do h?bito de suc??o do dedo, apenas ? posi??o de filho ca?ula (ORaj= 1,452) foi considerado fator de risco independente das demais vari?veis. O sexo feminino (ORaj= 1,383) foi fator de risco independente quando se avaliou a freq??ncia do h?bito. Obtivemos uma alta preval?ncia de h?bitos de suc??o n?o nutritiva na popula??o estudada, onde as vari?veis que demonstram influ?ncia estatisticamente significativa na persist?ncia dos h?bitos de suc??o de chupeta foram a idade, o tempo de amamenta??o natural, renda familiar e a escolaridade dos pais, sendo que apenas as tr?s primeiras mantiveram-se como fator de risco independentes das demais. J? a suc??o de dedo, mostrou rela??o estat?stica com o sexo, escolaridade dos pais, renda familiar, posi??o da crian?a na fam?lia. Houve uma diminui??o na incid?ncia de h?bitos de suc??o de chupeta com o avan?ar da idade. Verificamos uma freq??ncia bastante elevada de suc??o de chupeta em crian?as amamentadas num per?odo inferior a 6 meses, enquanto para o h?bito de suc??o de dedo, n?o observamos rela??o com o tempo de amamenta??o natural

<p>This study, based on daily recordings of infant feeding, comprised 506 infants from Uppsala, Sweden. All mothers had had previous breastfeeding experience of at least 4 months, and were planning to breastfeed the index child for ≥6 months.</p><p>Among exclusively breastfed infants there were wide variations in breastfeeding frequency and suckling duration per 24 hours both between infants and in the individual infant over time in the first 6 months. Most infants had an average of 1.0-2.9 feeds per night. Infants using a pacifier had fewer feeds and a shorter total suckling duration per 24 hours, and stopped breastfeeding earlier than infants not using a pacifier. These associations were not found for thumb sucking.</p><p>Accustoming the infants to solids was a lengthy process, the longer the younger the infant at introduction, and was associated with small changes in pattern and duration of breastfeeding. In contrast, formula was usually given in large amounts from the beginning, and when formula was given regularly the daily breastfeeding frequency and suckling duration declined swiftly. The younger an infant at the start of regular formula feeds, the shorter the breastfeeding duration. Occasional formula feeds did not affect the breastfeeding duration.</p><p>It is important for health personnel and parents to keep in mind that exclusively breastfed infants are not a homogeneous group, but rather members of distinct 'breastfeeding entities'. Moreover, if the aim is to introduce other foods 'under the protection of breast milk' it is important to realise that formula is also 'another food' and needs to be treated as such.</p>

This study, based on daily recordings of infant feeding, comprised 506 infants from Uppsala, Sweden. All mothers had had previous breastfeeding experience of at least 4 months, and were planning to breastfeed the index child for ≥6 months. Among exclusively breastfed infants there were wide variations in breastfeeding frequency and suckling duration per 24 hours both between infants and in the individual infant over time in the first 6 months. Most infants had an average of 1.0-2.9 feeds per night. Infants using a pacifier had fewer feeds and a shorter total suckling duration per 24 hours, and stopped breastfeeding earlier than infants not using a pacifier. These associations were not found for thumb sucking. Accustoming the infants to solids was a lengthy process, the longer the younger the infant at introduction, and was associated with small changes in pattern and duration of breastfeeding. In contrast, formula was usually given in large amounts from the beginning, and when formula was given regularly the daily breastfeeding frequency and suckling duration declined swiftly. The younger an infant at the start of regular formula feeds, the shorter the breastfeeding duration. Occasional formula feeds did not affect the breastfeeding duration. It is important for health personnel and parents to keep in mind that exclusively breastfed infants are not a homogeneous group, but rather members of distinct 'breastfeeding entities'. Moreover, if the aim is to introduce other foods 'under the protection of breast milk' it is important to realise that formula is also 'another food' and needs to be treated as such.