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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Havdhemstegel : Gotlands tegelproduktion / Havdhems clay products : Gotland's clay tile and brick produktion

Söderlind, Tiio January 2020 (has links)
Tegeltillverkning har i industriell form funnits på Gotland i över 100 år. Mellan 1903–1970 fanns det ett Tegelbruk i Havdhem som kom att dominera den gotländska marknaden. Tegelproduktionens utveckling övertid har lokalt speglat hur det har sett ut nationellt men i mindre skala. Den har även påverkats mycket av den lokala näringsutvecklingen. Havdhems tegelbruk startades på samhällsaktörers initiativ för att hjälpa det ökade behovet av tegelrör för täckdikning. Tegelrören kom att bli den viktigaste produkten för bruket som även tillverkade murtegel, håltegel och fasadtegel. Tegelbrukets produktionsvolym under dess glansperiod låg på 3 miljoner per år och hade 25 årsanställda. Den centrala orsaken till brukets nedläggning var en kraftig brand i december 1970.   Havdhemsteglet bestod av en lera med låg järnoxidhalt vilket resulterade i ett ljusrött tegel. Leran hämtades lokalt från tre olika lertag. Bruket har tillverkat både rött och gult tegel och har köpt in råmaterial för att påverka färgen. Ett av byggnadsverken som stoltserar med Havdhemstegel är Visby vattenledningstorn som byggdes 1925. Vattenledningstornet är byggt med det för Havdhem typiska ljusröda teglet. / Brick manufacturing in industrial form has been used on Gotland for over 100 years. Between 1903 and 1970, there was a tilery in Havdhem, in the south of Gotland, that came to dominate the Gotlandic market. The brick productions development has locally reflected how it has looked nationally but on a smaller scale. The brick industry has also been influenced by the local business development. Havdhems tilery was started through community-active initiatives to help increase the need for brick pipes for field drainage. The brick pipes became the most important product for the factory. The tilery also manufactured several different kinds of bricks. The tilery’s production volume during its high period was 3 million per year and had 25 full-time employees. The central reason for the closure of the factory was a severe fire in December 1970.   Havdhems bricks consisted of a clay composition with a low iron-oxide content which creates a lighter red brick. The clay was sourced locally from three different clay quarries. The factory has manufactured both red and yellow bricks and has purchased raw materials to influence the color. One of the buildings that boasts Havdhems clay bricks is the Visby water conduit tower, which was built in 1925. The water conduit tower was built with the representative light red brick.
2

Technologie des tuiliers gallo-romains (Gaules et Germanies) : analyse comparative et régressive des structures de production des matériaux de construction en terre cuite de l'époque contemporaine à l'Antiquité / Technology of the Gallo-Roman tilemakers (Gauls and Germania) : comparative and regressive analysis of the structures of production of ceramic building materials from contemporary time to the Antiquity

Charlier, Fabrice 13 January 2011 (has links)
Cette recherche porte sur les techniques de production des matériaux de construction en terre cuiteà l’époque romaine dans les provinces de Gaule et de Germanie. Ces techniques ne nous sontaccessibles directement que par l’archéologie, à la fois par les vestiges mobiliers : les matériauxfabriqués eux-mêmes, et par les vestiges immobiliers : les tuileries qui sont régulièrement mises aujour. Seules les structures de production sont examinées, mais il est souvent fait référence auxmatériaux. L’étude est menée selon deux lignes directrices, l’une horizontale : la chaîne opératoire, l’autreverticale : le temps, du présent vers le passé. Les structures de production sont traitées selon l’ordrede la chaîne opératoire : l’extraction, la préparation de la terre, le façonnage, le séchage et lacuisson. À l’intérieur de chacune de ces cinq phases sont étudiées successivement des structuresd’époque contemporaine (ateliers artisanaux), moderne, médiévale et enfin gallo-romaine. Cettedémarche régressive permet de mettre en évidence les continuités et les ruptures dans lestechniques mises en oeuvre et ainsi de mieux caractériser et comprendre la plus ancienne d’entreelles, celle des tuiliers gallo-romains. Le fonctionnement des structures de production les plusrécentes éclaire celui des structures romaines. Des comparaisons ponctuelles ne sont utilisées quepour tenter d’expliquer certaines caractéristiques originales des structures gallo-romaines. Lesrésultats les plus novateurs ont été obtenus dans l’étude des structures employées dans les phasesde façonnage, de séchage et de cuisson. / This research concerns the techniques of tile and brick-making in Roman time in the provinces ofGaul and Germania. We have only access to these techniques through archaeology. First, there arethe movable vestiges: the objects (tiles and bricks), then there are the real estate vestiges: the tilemakingsites which are regularly uncovered. Only the structures of production are examined here,but it is often made reference to materials. The study is led according to two guidelines. One is horizontal: the “chaîne opératoire”, the other is vertical: Time, from present to past. The structures of production are treated according to the orderof the making process: quarrying, preparing clay, shaping, drying, and firing. Inside each of thesefive phases are successively studied structures of contemporary time (craft production), modern,medieval and finally Gallo-Roman. This regressive approach allows us to bring to light thecontinuities and the breaks in the techniques used and thus, to better characterize and understandthe most ancient of them, the Gallo-Roman tile-makers one. The functioning of the most recentstructures of production sheds light on that of the Roman ones. Punctual comparisons are only usedto try and explain some original characteristics of the Gallo-Roman structures. The most innovativeresults were obtained in the study of the structures used in the phases of shaping, drying and firing.

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