Flood cooling is primarily used to cool and lubricate the cutting tool and workpiece interface during a machining process. But the adverse health effects caused by the use of flood coolants are drawing manufacturers' attention to develop methods for controlling occupational exposure to cutting fluids. Microlubrication serves as an alternative to flood cooling by reducing the volume of cutting fluid used in the machining process. Microlubrication minimizes the exposure of metal working fluids to the machining operators leading to an economical, safer and healthy workplace environment. In this dissertation, a vegetable based lubricant is used to conduct mist, microstructure and wear analyses during end milling AISI 1018 steel using microlubrication. A two-flute solid carbide cutting tool was used with varying cutting speed and feed rate levels with a constant depth of cut. A full factorial experiment with Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted and regression models were generated along with parameter optimization for the flank wear, aerosol mass concentration and the aerosol particle size. MANOVA indicated that the speed and feed variables main effects are significant, but the interaction of (speed*feed) was not significant at 95% confidence level. The model was able to predict 69.44%, 68.06% and 42.90% of the variation in the data for both the flank wear side 1 and 2 and aerosol mass concentration, respectively. An adequate signal-to-noise precision ratio more than 4 was obtained for the models, indicating adequate signal to use the model as a predictor for both the flank wear sides and aerosol mass concentration. The highest average mass concentration of 8.32 mg/m3 was realized using cutting speed of 80 Surface feet per minute (SFM) and a feed rate of 0.003 Inches per tooth (IPT). The lowest average mass concentration of 5.91 mg/m3 was realized using treatment 120 SFM and 0.005 IPT. The cutting performance under microlubrication is five times better in terms of tool life and two times better in terms of materials removal volume under low cutting speed and feed rate combination as compared to high cutting speed and feed rate combination. Abrasion was the dominant wear mechanism for all the cutting tools under consideration. Other than abrasion, sliding adhesive wear of the workpiece materials was also observed. The scanning electron microscope investigation of the used cutting tools revealed micro-fatigue cracks, welded micro-chips and unusual built-up edges on the cutting tools flank and rake side. Higher tool life was observed in the lowest cutting speed and feed rate combination. Transmission electron microscopy analysis at failure for the treatment 120 SFM and 0.005 IPT helped to quantify the dislocation densities. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) identified 4 to 8 µm grain size growth on the machined surface due to residual stresses that are the driving force for the grain boundaries motion to reduce its overall energy resulting in the slight grain growth. EBSD also showed that (001) textured ferrite grains before machining exhibited randomly orientated grains after machining. The study shows that with a proper selection of the cutting parameters, it is possible to obtain higher tool life in end milling under microlubrication. But more scientific studies are needed to lower the mass concentration of the aerosol particles, below the recommended value of 5 mg/m3 established by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

Drawing as a notation is a method for architecture which investigates the notation and mark making of classical music as an input and explores how these notations can inform unexpected architectural outcomes through a translation process of the notations. The purpose of this study is to look into drawing as a notation as a method and a tool and to discover new architectural formations. By interpreting and translating the marks, new suggestions for architecture can be found which express the formal language of music. I am interested in the dynamics of music - the repetition, the movement, and the rhythm - and what music can do for architecture. This is not a solution to anything or doesn’t try to solve anything, but rather a search or a struggle to find opportunities with the help of notation making in early stages of an architecture project and to propose what architecture can be.

A luminaire’s primary purpose is to provide visibility into a space, but also to serve as an aesthetic object for it. When switched off, luminaires maintain their presence as forms and when switched on they transform places by creating or vanishing different shadows. For years luminaire designers are trying to tame the light emitted from the light bulb, an archetypal component of a great literal and metaphorical significance for the human his-tory. The era of LED’s sets no limits of light source forms, intensity, color temperature, lighting color or color rendering index. Space is now the primal factor and the luminaire forms and adjusts around it. By examining the connection between luminaires and space, functionalism and how great designers approached the topic, a luminaire design tool will be explored connecting past, present and possible future technology advancement. With the above tool, a prototype model will be created with the intention to experiment with adjustability and adaptability into space. The main goal will be the re-search of a primal form for the design tool that serves as a multipurpose solution while retaining high quality levels. Well-being and creativity as well as responsible consumption and production are connected with the de-sign process.

In this thesis, friction stir channeling (FSC) and its process parameters influence on geometry, surface quality and productivity are explored. The probe of the friction stir processing (FSP) tool used to perform these tests was a modified submerged bobbin tool made of MP 159 Co-Ni alloy. The body was made from H13 tool steel. To find the optimal channel conditions for a targeted range of process parameters, multiple 6061 aluminum samples were prepared with a U shape guide to test the effects of different spindle speeds and feed rates. Using a gantry-type computer numerical control (CNC) friction stir welding (FSW) machine, the aluminum coupons were subjected to calibration experiments, force control tests, and an increased production rate to test these effects. It was found through experimentation that the programmed feed rates, spindle speeds and forces produced by the machine had an impact on the channel geometry. It was determined from the force-controlled setup that 8.46 mm/s at 750 RPM was the best combination of results for the four conditions tested on a CNC friction stir processing-machine. It was then tested at 10.58 mm/s at 800 RPM, which had comparable results with the best combination of input parameters from the force-controlled runs which demonstrates the utility of the process in high production settings. Finally, a proof-of-concept experiment was performed on a robotic arm outfitted with a FSW holder, showing acceptable results. This is a validation of its future implementation in the manufacturing of large parts for lightweight, aerospace, and automotive applications.

Video analysis and visualization are widely used in various applications, including sports analysis, video surveillance and medical imaging. This study investigates the use of video visualization as a tool in the field of shooting. The study aims to answer the question: "What can be a good visualization strategy for video-based shooting analysis?". To answer this question, a software, using video visualization to analyze shooting videos, was created. The visualized videos were then tested by both inexperienced individuals and shooting experts. The implementation steps of the project consisted of recording shooting videos followed by implementing the visualizations. Object detection was used to track the shooting target and extract data. Displayed on the visualized videos were colored markings to show the locations of the aimpoint of the gun and the target. The data extracted was used to show graphs of relevant shooting metrics. The user tests focused on collecting quantitative and qualitative data from the users. The testers reacted positively to the use of visualized videos as a tool for analysing shooting performance. The analysis of the testers responses suggests that video visualization is an effective tool for analyzing shooting videos and holds great promise for future research in the field of shooting. The program implemented in the study has good potential for being used as a tool for improving shooting strategies.

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Friction stir welding (FSWing) is a solid state, thermo-mechanical process that utilizes a non-consumable rotating weld tool to consolidate a weld joint. In the FSW process, the weld tool is responsible for generating both the heat required to soften the material and the forces necessary to deform and consolidate the former weld seam. Thus, weld tool geometry, material selection, and process parameters are important to the quality of the weld. To study the effects of the weld tool geometry on the resulting welds, a previous study was conducted using varying degree taper, microwave-sintered tungsten carbide (WC) weld tools to FSW Ti-6Al-4V. Fully consolidated welds were down selected for this study to evaluate the resulting mechanical properties and to document the microstructure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to compare the parent material texture with that in the weld nugget. The purpose of this study is to quantify the temperatures obtained during FSWing by interpreting the resulting microstructure. This information is useful in process optimization as well as weld tool material selection.

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