Sparčiai besikeičianti pasaulio ekonomika ir naujosios technologijos keičia žmonių tarpusavio socialinius santykius. Šiuo metu visuomenės poreikis ekonominėms ir verslo žinioms yra gana didelis. Tad švietimo sistemoje iškyla uždavinys – padėti šį poreikį efektyviai ir užtikrintai patenkinti, kad ateityje turėtume verslią visuomenę. Mokinių verslumo kompetencijos ugdymas orientuotas į iniciatyvaus asmens ugdymą, plėtojant jo gebėjimus, reikšmingus verslumui. L. Mincienė (2007) teigia, kad tai „verslui pradėti ir jam tvarkyti reikalingi ypatingi asmeniniai ir dalykiniai žmogaus sugebėjimai: vaizduotė, kūrybiškumas, rizikingas veiklumas, iniciatyva, naujoviškumas, intuicija, vadybos įgūdžiai ir kiti išskirtiniai bei unikalūs sugebėjimai“. Darbo mokslinis naujumas. Mokslinės literatūros analizė atskleidė, kad nemažai mokslininkų gilinasi į mokinių verslumo ugdymo galimybes, metodus, tačiau pats mokinių požiūris į verslumą ir jo ugdymą dar mažai tyrinėtas. Tyrimo objektas: mokinių požiūris į verslumą ir jo ugdymą. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti 10–12 klasių mokinių požiūrį į verslumą ir jo ugdymą. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) apibendrinti verslumo ugdymo sampratą, pateikiamą mokslinėje literatūroje, 2) atskleisti verslumo ugdymo situaciją užsienio ir Lietuvos švietimo sistemose, 3) išanalizuoti 10–12 klasių mokinių požiūrį į verslumą ir jo ugdymą, 4) palyginti 10–12 klasių vaikinų ir merginų požiūrį į verslumą ir jo ugdymą. Tyrimo metodai: teorinis: mokslinės literatūros ir švietimą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Booming world economy and new technologies change people`s interplay social relationship. Nowadays the need of society for economic and business knowledge is rather great. There we have a purpose in educational system to satisfy this need effectively in order to have business society in the future. Education of students` business competence is oriented to upbringing of iniative person, improving his skills for business. L. Minciene points out “if one starts business the latter needs special personal and professional skills: imagination, creativity, risky activity, iniative novelty, intuition, management skills and other extreme and unique skills”. Novelty of work. The analyses of scientific literature revealed that a great number of scientists deepen to possibilities of education of student`s business, methods but the attitude itself to business and its education is little investigated. The object of research: students` attitude to enterprising and its education. The aim of research: to reveal the attitude of 10-12 classes towards enterprising and its education. Tasks of research: 1) to summarise the definition of enterprising education presented in scientific literature; 2) reveal situation of enterprise education in foreign and Lithuanian educational systems; 3) analyze student`s of 10-12 classes attitude to enterprise and its education; 4) make a comparison of enterprising attitude and its education between young men and women. Methods of research: Theoretical: analyses... [to full text]

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The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa6 (hereinafter the Constitution) gives everyone the right to fair labour practices.7 The Labour Relations Act8 (hereinafter the LRA) regulates the relationship between employers and employees as well as the relationship between employers and trade unions. These labour relations are quite extensively regulated by statutory measures. The same can unfortunately not be said about the relationship between a trade union and its members. Because a trade union is a legal entity, a trade union is controlled and managed by certain functionaries like any body corporate. The management structures of the trade union are defined in the trade union’s constitution. A trade union can not perform any legal functions which are not provided for in the trade union’s constitution. 9 The trade union’s constitution states the nature of the relationship between the union and its members.10 Workers join trade unions in order to protect themselves and their rights in the workplace. An expectation is therefore cultivated by the members that the trade union, through its representative power and mandate to act on behalf of the members, will do so in the best interest of the members. The disruption of the relationship can have negative implications for the trade union. In this study, relevant case law will be sited to explain the contents of the legal responsibility of a trade union to its members. The specific focus of the study is the legal responsibility of a trade union if its members would suffer pecuniary loss or harm as a result of the trade union’s actions. The purpose of this study is to discuss the regulation of the relationship between a trade union and its members in South Africa and to find a solution for the fragmented regulation or non-regulation thereof. The authority that a member grants to a trade union, mostly in the form of a contract, involves the expression of the will of the members that the trade union has the necessary power to perform judicial acts on its behalf. The discussion is limited to the actual authorization originated by a contract of mandate between a trade union and its members. In terms of the common law’s contract of mandate a representative is obliged to perform his orders with care and diligence, convey information, to act in good faith and to account for his actions. There are no statutory measures that regulate the nature of the legal relationship between a trade union and its members provided for in the trade union’s constitution. This study discusses the regulatory challenges that the regulation of the relationship between a trade union and its members in South Africa are facing, and some recommendations are made with regards to the possible application of existing legislation and the common law contract of mandate. / LLM (Labour Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The main goal of this project was to enhance the use and usability of Interactive Voice Response Systems (IVR) for older people. The objective of study one was to examine older people’s perceptions of the technology and identify the most common difficulties experienced by older people when interactive with IVR using focus groups. Twenty-six people aged 65 and older took part in the study. Data were analyzed using frequency and chi square analyses. The results revealed negative attitudes towards the technology. Long menus, frustration about not being able to reach an operator and absence of shortcuts were some of the most common difficulties reported by participants. Study two examined the cognitive factors predicting successful IVR interaction in four commercially available IVR systems in a sample of 185 older adults. Linear regressions were performed on the data. Results indicated that working memory and auditory memory were the best predictors of successful IVR interaction. Using the same sample of participants as study two, study three examined older adults’ attitudes towards the four IVR systems in relation to their success in interacting with the technology. The study also evaluated the impact of gender on success and attitudes towards IVR. There was a significant positive correlation between success with IVR and favorable attitudes towards the technology. No gender differences emerged in both performance on IVR tasks and attitudes towards the technology. Study four evaluated the feasibility of using a voice-activated IVR to administer and score three short neuropsychological tests using a sub sample of the original sample of 185 older adults involved in study two and three. One hundred and fifty eight participants took part in the study. Results showed high correlations between the IVR and clinician scoring of the three tests. Nevertheless, a number of discrepancies and technical issues were discovered.

This thesis aims to explore the effects of tight budgetary control on employee behavior focusing on employee loyalty, employee satisfaction, job related tension and tendency towards data manipulation in public sectors. The study explores the subject on the population of three countries which includes Sweden, Jordan and Pakistan. In Pakistan and Jordan, no previous study has ever been performed which tried to explore effects of tight budgetary control in employee behavior. Method: Keeping the above fact in view, method derived for this study was the combination of qualitative and quantitative approach. Questionnaires were formulated and sent to employees of the sampled companies receiving 740 responses. For qualitative method, 5 employees were interviewed from entire three countries. Finding: the study revealed that all three countries are experiencing tight budgetary control whereas Jordan and Pakistan are experiencing it on higher level and Sweden is experiencing it in lower level as compared to Pakistan and Jordan. As far employee behavior is concerned, both the method proved that loyalty was negatively related to tight budgetary control for Pakistan and Sweden whereas positively related in case of Jordan. Satisfaction is also negatively related to tight budgetary control for Sweden and Pakistan while positively related for Jordan. Job related tension and tendency towards data manipulation are positively related to tight budgetary control for all three countries. Research type: Master’s thesis.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of multiple intelligences based instruction on sixth grade students&amp / #65533 / science achievement, and attitudes towards science. This experimental research was conducted in the 2nd term of 2002 &amp / #65533 / 2003 educational year with sixth graders in METU Ankara College Primary School, and lasted for three weeks. A randomly chosen class was assigned to the experimental group and instructed by Multiple Intelligences Science Instruction, and the other randomly chosen class was assigned to the control group and instructed by Traditionally Designed Science Instruction. A total 50 students&amp / #65533 / scores were used for the analyses. Two classes were instructed with the same teacher. The background of the teacher was sufficient to apply multiple intelligences teaching strategies from the seminars that the teacher had been participated. The measuring tools were Science Achievement Test and Science Attitude Scale. Also an interview were made with the teacher of the groups. The pilot study was conducted with 57 sixth grade students in Atat&uuml / rk Primary School in Nigde. According to the results of the pilot study, some questions were revised in Science Achievement Test. Science Achievement Test and Science Attitude Scale were administered twice as pretest before the treatment and as posttest after the treatment to both groups to assess and compare the effectiveness of two different types of instruction utilized in science teaching. The data obtained from the posttests were analyzed by statistical techniques of multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA). Results of the statistical analyses indicated that multiple intelligences science instruction was more effective than traditionally designed science instruction with respect to science achievement. However, the statistical analyses failed to show any significant differences between the experimental and control group&amp / #65533 / s attitudes towards science. The teacher of the groups had positive views and opinions about the implementation of the theory.

The purpose of the study was to investigate secondary school students&rsquo / performance on proof and attitude towards proof in geometry. The research was conducted on 367 10th grade students. The numbers of subjects were 94, 96, 90 and 87 from General High Schools (GHS), Anatolian High Schools (AHS), Science High Schools (SHS) and Private High Schools (PHS) respectively. The number of girls and boys were 142 and 225 respectively. To obtain the data of this study, the following measuring instruments were utilized: 1.Proof Performance in Geometry Test (PPGT) / 2.Proof Attitude Scale in Geometry (PASG). They were developed by researchers. The results indicated that: 1.There were statistically significant differences among the mean scores of students enrolled in different school types with respect to performance on proof in geometry / 2.There was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of boys and girls with respect to performance on proof and attitude towards proof in geometry / 3.There were no statistically significant differences among the mean scores of students enrolled in different school types with respect to attitude towards proof in geometry / 4.There was statistically significant correlation between secondary school students&rsquo / performances on proof and attitude towards proof in geometry / 5.While students in SHS got the highest scores from each question, students in GHS got the lowest scores / 6. While most students in SHS perceived themselves as successful in geometry, most students in GHS perceived themselves unsuccessful.

The purpose of this study is to explore preschool children&rsquo / s attitudes towards environmental issues in terms of consumption patterns, environmental protection, recycling-reusing, and living habits and to investigate gender as a factor affecting environmental attitudes. The sample of the study is comprised of 40 preschool age children living in Ankara, Turkey. The research has been realized by qualitative design and the data were collected through interviews. The interview questionnaire was adapted from

Although geometry is important area in the mathematics curriculum, evidence from numerous research studies makes it clear that many students&rsquo / geometrical understanding is not at the level they need or are expected to be, especially in Turkey. The project-based learning approach offered to be one of the most effective learning tools to provide for the students an environment in which they can reach their own conclusions instead of just lecturing them, in the new mathematics curriculum in Turkey. In this study, the effects of project-based learning on the 7th grade students&rsquo / achievement in geometry and these students&rsquo / attitude towards geometry were examined. This study was conducted with a group of 24 seventh grade students in the Bilim College during the last five weeks of the 2004-2005 academic year. One group pre-test and post-test design was used. The instruments used for data collection are as follows: polygon, circle and cylinder achievement tests, geometry attitude scales, student survey forms, teacher&rsquo / s observation scales, and interviews. The data obtained was analyzed by a paired-sample t-test. The results from achievement tests and attitude scale indicated that project-based learning increased students&rsquo / geometry achievement and attitudes toward geometry, respectively. The student survey form and interview responses of the students, teacher&rsquo / s observation form responses of the teachers and the observation of the researcher also suggest that project-based learning increased their achievement in and their attitudes towards geometry as a result of making their own models, dealing with authentic daily life problems, determining the dimensions and the areas by trial and error. Moreover, this study helped grasp the attention and increase the desire to study particularly of those students with high capacity who performed unsatisfactorily due to their inclination to get distracted during classes. Providing those who were easily distracted and used every chance to disrupt the lectures with the opportunity to engage in something they could see as their own project brought about favorable results.

There are many issues involved in implementing Information and Communications Technology (ICT) projects in general, and infrastructure (ICT/I) projects in particular. Failures are still common despite advances in project management tools, and increased ICT sophistication. Executive sponsorship and support is acknowledged to make a difference to the success or failure of these kinds of projects. Little has been written on the views of non-ICT executives about the issues they have with ICT/I projects, which have particular challenges because of their highly technical nature. This research sought to develop a theory not only about what the issues are, from the non-ICT executive perspective, but also how these issues appear in, and may affect the outcomes of, such projects. An interpretive study using single units of analysis within multiple cases, to build an inductively derived theory, was the approach chosen for this research. An adapted grounded theory analysis, following the original Glaser and Strauss (1967) philosophy, was used to analyse data extracted from interviews with fifteen chief executives or equivalents. Three themes arose out of this process: Executive Perceptions of ICT/I; Strategic Alignment of ICT/I projects;ICT/I Project Outcomes The themes had quite strong connections between them. Jargon Barriers between ICT staff and these executives, affected the executives perceptions of ICT/I and were strong contributing factors for a poor strategic alignment between ICT/I projects and business goals. The poor alignment was primarily caused as a result of low levels of executive engagement with these projects, because they couldn’t understand the “techno-speak” of their ICT people. The consequence was consistently low satisfaction with ICT/I project life cycle outcomes. There was a very real difference between the satisfaction levels of executives who had made definite efforts to overcome, or deal with, the ICT/I jargon barriers, and those who hadn’t. there was a very real difference between the satisfaction levels of executives who had made definite efforts to overcome, or deal with, the ICT/I jargon barriers, and those who hadn’t. The substantive theory developed from this work is that: Jargon barriers created by ICT staff generate poor relationships between ICT staff and their executives, which in turn can cause low levels of executive engagement with their infrastructure projects, and consequently affect executive perceptions about the outcomes of these projects.