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Using the vehicle of hand drawn animation, this is an ongoing reflection of instances that repeat themselves to a point beyond the humorous and back. The Myth of Sisyphus 'The Gods had condemned Sisyphus to ceaselessly rolling a rock to the top of a mountain, whence the stone would fall back on its own weight. They had thought with some reason that there was no more dreadful punishment than futile and hopeless labour.' Albert Camus- The Myth of Sisyphus By observing and illustrating assiduous daily gestures and events our absurd hero is revealed: this protagonist, be it object or human consciously and often unconsciously lives within a relentless finite experience. As the same moment is duplicated, the

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[pt] Esta dissertação discute a aplicação de efeitos de colorização 3D a animações 2D produzidas pela técnica quadro-a-quadro. Utilizando algoritmos de processamento de imagens, desenhos 2D são preparados para receber técnicas de sombreamento evitando a transformação da cena para uma geometria 3D. Esta preparação se dá através da obtenção de mapas de normais que aproximam a geometria do desenho. O sombreamento é obtido através de um conjunto de técnicas de renderização foto-realistas e não-foto-realistas, que podem ser adaptadas para utilização de normais aproximadas. Visando amenizar o trabalho exaustivo de colorir cada desenho, um método baseado no relacionamento entre imagens é apresentado para colorir automaticamente cada quadro numa seqüência de desenhos. Este processo de colorização considera a necessidade de possíveis intervenções humanas para garantir a qualidade final de cada imagem da animação. Um estudo sobre aproximação de normais, técnicas de sombreamento, segmentação de imagens e rastreamento de objetos é amplamente discutido nesta dissertação. / [en] This dissertation discusses the 3D colorization effects usage over a 2d animation, which has been produced through frame-by-frame techniques. Normal vector maps approximates the drawing geometry and provide the ability to perform shading effects by applying digital image processing algorithms, avoiding 3D geometry scene transformation. A set of photorealistic and non-photorealistic renderization techniques, which can be adapted to normal approximation usage, is proposed in the colorization process. Also, a method based on interframe dependence is presented, aiming to reduce the thoroughgoing effort of colorizing each individual frame within an animation. This colorization process considers possible human interventions to ensure image´s result quality. Finally, this dissertation provides a comprehensive study regarding several topics, such as normal approximations, shading techniques, image segmentation and object tracking.

Since the introduction of high end graphical workstations, computer animation has quickly replaced the traditional means of animation. Nowadays computer animation has many applications e.g. video games, motion picture industry, media, weather forecasting and many others. This master thesis discusses various techniques used to created animations using computers. Keyframing, is the most common approach in computer animation. Borrowing its name from the concept of traditional hand animation, the workflow process remained the same. Basic principles of animation using key-frames are explained and an Interactive Animation Editor solution based on keyframing is proposed and the implementation of this editor is described. Editor uses the Kochanek-Bartels interpolation of values between each key-frame.