One of the key aspects of digital broadcast television is the need to compress the digital video to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement. Numerous video coding standards have been defined with properties that depend upon the targeted application. For example, H.263 is primarily designed for low bit-rate applications, and MPEG-II is used for applications where quality is the most important aspect. These coding standards are primarily models for how to efficiently code video. They, in general, do not consider how the coded video is broadcast, and how the compressed video bitstream responds to transmission errors. In this thesis, the properties of the MPEG-II coding standard are investigated (although many of the results are extensible to the other frequency transform based video codecs).

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With the progress of computer graphics and computer vision technologies, 3D/multiview video applications such as 3D-TV and tele-immersive conference become more and more popular and are very likely to emerge as a prime application in the near future. A successful 3D/multiview video system needs synergistic integration of various technologies such as 3D/multiview video acquisition, compression, transmission and rendering. In this thesis, we focus on addressing the challenges for multiview video compression. In particular, we have made 5 major contributions: (1) We propose a novel neighbor-based multiview video compression system which helps remove the inter-view redundancies among multiple video streams and improve the performance. An optimal stream encoding order algorithm is designed to enable the encoder to automatically decide the stream encoding order and find the best reference streams. (2) A novel multiview video transcoder is designed and implemented. The proposed multiview video transcoder can be used to encode multiple compressed video streams and reduce the cost of multiview video acquisition system. (3) A learning-based multiview video compression scheme is invented. The novel multiview video compression algorithms are built on the recent advances on semi-supervised learning algorithms and achieve compression by finding a sparse representation of images. (4) Two novel distributed source coding algorithms, EETG and SNS-SWC, are put forward. Both EETG and SNS-SWC are capable to achieve the whole Slepian-Wolf rate region and are syndrome-based schemes. EETG simplifies the code construction algorithm for distributed source coding schemes using extended Tanner graph and is able to handle mismatched bits at the encoder. SNS-SWC has two independent decoders and thus can simplify the decoding process. (5) We propose a novel distributed multiview video coding scheme which allows flexible rate allocation between two distributed multiview video encoders. SNS-SWC is used as the underlying Slepian-Wolf coding scheme. It is the first work to realize simultaneous Slepian-Wolf coding of stereo videos with the help of a distributed source code that achieves the whole Slepian-Wolf rate region. The proposed scheme has a better rate-distortion performance than the separate H.264 coding scheme in the high-rate case. / Computer Networks and Multimedia Systems

When distributing multiple TV programs on a fixed bandwidth channel, the bit rate of each video stream is often constant. Since video sent at a constant quality is typically wildly varying, this is a very unoptimal solution. By instead sharing the total bit rate among all programs, the video quality can be increased by allocating bit rate where it is needed. This thesis explores the statistical multiplexing problem for a specific hardware platform with the limitations and advantages of that platform. A solution for statistical multiplexing is proposed and evaluated using the major codecs used for TV distribution today. The main advantage of the statistical multiplexer is a lot more even quality and a higher minimum quality achieved across all streams. While the solution will need a faster method for bit rate approximation for a more practical solution in terms of performance, the solution is shown to work as intended.

The main task of this master’s thesis is to create an interactive computer programme for the design of small and medium television cable circuits. The first part of this document describes main conceptions of a modification and a distribution of television signals. There are also introduced basic topologies of small and medium sized distribution networks, some passive and active elements in the circuit including their usage. There is also described an algorithm for calculation of circuit’s values. The second part contains a detailed description of created programme with all of its functions. A part of this document is made by a sample calculation of the four variants of circuit and its comparison with computer calculation. In suplement are included selected parts of source code.