The transition to parenthood is arguably one of the most stressful developmental periods in the lifespan, with couples often experiencing increased levels of conflict and relationship distress. It is possible that deteriorating relationship functioning may be due to increases in hostile attributions made towards partners during this time period. In order to better understand how changes in hostile attributions occur within the partner relationship, this study investigated the extent to which hostile attributions made toward a partner increased during the transition to parenthood, as well as identified stable and fluctuating factors that influenced changes in hostile attributions (life stress, parenting stress, trait hostility, and depressive symptoms). In addition, gender differences of these factors influencing hostile attributions were explored. Ninety-eight heterosexual couples were included in the study, all of whom completed online self-report questionnaires during pregnancy, 1-year postpartum, and 2 years postpartum. Hierarchical Linear Modelling was used to examine how changes in stress predicted changes in hostile attributions, and whether these relations were moderated by trait hostility or mediated by depressive symptoms. More specifically, investigations included how increases in life stress and parenting stress influenced increases in hostile attributions over the transition to parenthood, whether increased stress levels interacted with high trait hostility to further increase risk of hostile attributions, as well as whether increased depressive symptoms longitudinally mediated the link between increased stress and increased hostile attributions. Results showed that increases in both life stress and parenting stress significantly predicted increases in hostile attributions for both men and women over the transition to parenthood. Trait hostility was not a significant moderator of hostile attributions for women. For men, increases in life stress were associated with increases in hostile attributions, but only for men who were low in trait hostility. Increases in parenting stress were associated with increases in hostile attributions for men who had low and average trait hostility. Regardless of changes in stress levels, men who were high in trait hostility had high levels of hostile attributions over time. Depressive symptoms did not mediate the relations between stress and hostile attributions, and were a direct predictor of hostile attributions for men but not for women. This study adds to the growing body of literature on mechanisms of change in relationship functioning over the transition to parenthood. Future research should explore other factors that address why relationship functioning changes for women over the transition to parenthood, and should examine depressive symptoms in men and their subsequent effects on family systems. Future longitudinal research should examine child outcomes as well as conflict management between partners in order to ascertain the effect of hostile attributions on family functioning. Changes in hostile attributions also have important clinical implications, and health professionals should screen for high levels of stress, trait hostility, and hostile attributions in order to prevent possible relationship deterioration during the transition to parenthood. / Graduate

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第22453号 / 工博第4714号 / 新制||工||1736(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科材料化学専攻 / (主査)教授 松原 誠二郎, 教授 杉野目 道紀, 教授 中尾 佳亮 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

In the South African business environment, there is a lack of both engineers and managers. This creates a compounded problem whereby many engineers find themselves transitioning from a technical position to general management. This transition has prompted the need to investigate the competencies required for engineers to effectively transition into general management and the methodologies used to acquire general management competencies.The research was conducted in two phases. The first qualitative phase took the form of semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The results obtained from phase one was used together with the literature review to develop the constructs for phase two. Phase two consisted of two quantitative self-administered closedended questionnaires. A questionnaire was developed for engineering managers and a separate questionnaire was constructed for human resource managers. A total of 116 respondents from 31 different countries participated in the research.The results in terms of the competencies required to transition into general management showed that interpersonal skills are the most important, followed by leadership skills. Highly focused business skills are the least important competencies. The methodologies used the most depict that the majority of people acquired their general management competencies through trial and error / learning on the job, networking and short business learning courses. The findings have been used to develop a model that will help organisations and human resource practitioners to assist engineers in the transition process. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

The purpose of the study was to investigate students’ perceptions about the need for more student training on making the transition from community college enrollment to employment. The hypothesis was that community college students would perceive that additional career counseling services would help them transition successfully into the world of work. Examination of students’ thoughts about career counseling services assisted in finding factors that facilitate and impede students’ desires for career counseling services including career courses. A researcher-developed pen and paper self-report survey instrument was administered to students enrolled in English courses at Meridian Community College during the 2009 fall semester. Out of the 1242 students enrolled in English classes, 359 chose to participate in the study. Descriptive characteristics of study participants and study participant preferences related to career counseling services are reported as frequencies and percentages. Data from this study indicated that there is a need for further student training in career transition from the community college to employment. The perception of freshmen, sophomores, and non-degree students who participated in this study is that there is a need for a course in basic career seeking skills in order to help students find employment after graduation. Logistic regression analysis findings predicted that a model did exist that could determine whether a community college student will seek career counseling services based on a combination of gender, ethnic group, and internet use for employment. Results from this study indicate that the majority of community college students who responded perceive that more career counseling services would assist them in their transition into the world of work after graduation.

The work described is an extension of the ligand-transfer reactions of substituted cyclobutadienes and cyclopentadienyls previously carried out by Maitlis et al. Efforts were directed particularly to ligand-­transfer reactions of n-allyl-transition metal complexes. The reactions of organic halides with metal carbonyls were also studied in attempts to isolate new organometallic derivatives. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

Die hier vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Synthese und Charakterisierung neuer Übergangsmetall-Borate sowie auf Cyanoborat-Anionen basierende Übergangsmetallkomplexe und Koordinationsverbindungen mit N-Donor-Liganden und Triphenylphosphan. / This work outlines the synthesis and characterization of novel transition metal borates as well as transition metal complexes based on cyanoborate anions and coordination compounds with N-donor ligands and triphenylphosphine.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the expectations and experiences first-time mothers have before, during, and after pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifteen first-time mothers, who gave birth within eighteen months before the date of the interview, and an additional interview was included with a first-time pregnant woman in her third trimester (N=16). The method of analysis was based on grounded theory, including line-by-line coding, focused coding and memo writing. Several themes emerged in the process. Approximately 70 percent of the women in this study became pregnant unintentionally. All of them described a certain amount of anxiety and fear about giving birth and becoming a mother. The measures taken in regard to activities and nutrition to improve pregnancy outcome were described. The most disconcerting findings were how the birth went for many of the women and the subject of postpartum emotional difficulties. Another theme was the different factors that negatively influenced the experience of giving birth. All of the women wanted to give birth vaginally and without medication, but seven of the women had to have medical interventions during birth - were administered Pitocin, mechanically induced, or had C-sections - which influenced their postpartum mental and emotional state severely. The disappointment after complications and diversions from a birth plan were significant. Fifty percent of the participating women reported to have suffered from postpartum emotional disorders, and three of them did not seek any help. Feelings of failure and low self-value due to emotional difficulties were described several times and also appeared in relation with body image issues. Physical changes, during and after pregnancy, were another major theme among the women. Transitions in their relationships were also mentioned in the interviews. Concluding, self-stigmatization was a main thread throughout the interviews. These findings are analyzed in relation to existing literature and the implications for future research are being discussed.

The project is the expansion of the Stockholm public library. Engaging in study from the misconstrued translations of images, a "transition space" next to the old library. There are four aspects of interpretation for the word "transition" in my project: path, shape, type and memory. During the year in studio 5, imagine reality, I delves into the issue of integrate forms through the misinterpretation of images. The spaces were created by making use of technologies to transform 2d images to 3d volumes, and were developed to respond to site context and the program requirements, primarily through a series of strategic Boolean operations. It is irrational and accidental, but provides more possibilities for architecture design.

<p> Calculations have been done for H₂O, F₂CO, Cℓ₂CO, H₂CS, F₂CS and Cℓ₂CS, to determine the transition energy and oscillator strength of the ¹A₂ ← ¹A₁(n → π*), ¹A₁ ← ¹A₁(π → π*), ¹B₂ ← ¹A₁(n → σ*) and ¹B₁ ← ¹A₁(σ → π*) transitions. Eigenvalues were obtained from CNDO programs and used to calculate the oscillator strength at three levels of approximation. </p> <p> The ¹A₁ ← ¹A₁(π → π*) transition of Cℓ₂CS has been analysed. Four ground state and three excited state frequencies were found. Coon's method was used to establish the assignment and predict an excited state bent out of plane by 26.6°. </p> <p> A previously unassigned transition in Cℓ₂CS has been labelled as A₂ ← ¹A₁(n → π*), on the basis of CNDO calculations, and five ground state frequencies have been found in the spectrum. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

This study reports the development and validation of a modified two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence model for computational fluid dynamics prediction of transitional and turbulent flows. The existing terms of the standard k-w model have been modified to include transitional flow effects, within the framework of Reynolds-averaged, eddy-viscosity turbulence modeling. The new model has been implemented into the commercially available flow solver FLUENT and the Mississippi State University SimCenter developed flow solver U2NCLE. Test cases included flow over a flat plate, a 2-D circular cylinder in a crossflow, a 3-D cylindrical body and three conical geometries, which represent the nose-cones of aerodynamic vehicles such as missiles. The results illustrate the ability of the model to yield reasonable predictions of transitional flow behavior using a simple modeling framework, including an appropriate response to freestream turbulence quantities, boundary-layer separation, and angle of attack.