A successful transition into kindergarten is of the utmost importance, as it marks the beginning of formal education and paves the way for future academic and social outcomes. The transition into school is considered to be a challenging and anxiety-ridden time for most children and their parents; it is expected therefore, to be particularly difficult for children with an intellectual disability (ID). These children have deficits in cognitive and adaptive functioning that affect their academic and social skills. Despite the apparent difficulty for children with ID and the importance of this time in their lives, the transition into school has been a relatively under-researched topic. Nineteen parents of children with ID participated in three one-hour phone interviews throughout the transition into school. The aims of the study were 1) to describe this group of children with ID and their families as the children entered school, 2) to investigate changes in characteristics of the child, resources, and perceptions of the parent during the transition, and 3) to examine relationships between these variables and the child’s quality of life and school readiness. Although the results are based on a small sample, they do provide some preliminary information about the experiences of children with ID and their families throughout the transition into school. Only adaptive behaviour scores and the number of services accessed changed significantly during the time of transition. Furthermore, it was found that adaptive behaviour was correlated with school readiness skills, as were physiotherapy and speech-language therapy use. The only variable that correlated with the child’s quality of life was parental involvement in parent support groups. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. / Thesis (Master, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2007-08-28 15:35:10.833

The importance of comprehensive transition programs is increasingly being recognised. This exploratory study was designed to identify the transition practices and needs of primary schools across Victoria in metropolitan and non-metropolitan locations; and from government and non-government educational sectors. Staff from 155 schools completed a questionnaire involving multiple choice and open-ended response formats. Schools reported providing a wide range and number of activities to support children and their families during the transition to school. Variation across geographical locations and educational sectors were found, with some activities being more likely to be provided depending on whether schools: were located in a metropolitan or non-metropolitan area; or, belonged to the government or non-government educational sector. Of concern, were findings highlighting the relatively few numbers of schools specifically catering for children and families from diverse socio-cultural backgrounds (for example, single parent, low socio-economic status, immigrant and, families with language backgrounds other than English) or, engaging in transition activities with child care centres. / The need for schools to consider the needs of these groups of children and families is recommended. Teachers raised a number of concerns in relation to the transition to school and provided suggestions for improving the transition to school experience for children and their families. For example, specific ideas included: joint administrative responsibility for schools and prior to school settings; greater resources and release time for transition activities; more formalised and uniform information sharing processes/protocols, including the development of an assessment tool to capture relevant information on children’s prior learning and development; aligning curricula; developing clusters/networks; providing joint professional development/training; and, parenting support. Further research to investigate the types and use of transition activities employed by parents, prior to school setting staff, communities, and the influence of these activities on children’s adjustment to school is recommended.

In most New Zealand schools, transition to school programmes are introduced based on adult perceptions aimed at avoiding negative experiences and assisting children in a successful transition to school, yet they run the risk of ‘over managing’ a child’s experience. This research considers how young children perceive the up and coming ‘rite of passage’ of ‘starting school’. Through placing an emphasis on ‘children’s voice’, it explores their expectations, feelings and understandings of school before and after starting. The study follows six children (two boys and four girls, aged from 4 years eight months to 4 years ten months at the start of the study) for approximately two school terms on their journey from an Early Childhood Centre to a primary school. A range of ‘child friendly’ methods were used to gather their understandings. Children’s ‘school comments’ were recorded by their mothers during their transition. Interviews were conducted with three teachers regarding their philosophies and practices of starting school. The findings identified three main themes in children’s initial knowledge about school. The children sourced further knowledge by asking their parents about any concerns or queries as they arose. They also expressed a need to prepare themselves for school. The children gained further understanding of school throughout their transition but did not truly grasp the concept of what school was about until they became ‘school kids’ themselves. The implications of these findings are discussed for transition to school practices.

The process of transition to school for children with special needs is a complex one. There is a range of stakeholders involved in the process - the child, their family and a range of professionals. The process involves a change from one set of service providers to another, and may include shifts in philosophies, models of service delivery and qualifications and practices of staff. If the process is to be effective and efficient continuity is essential, including continuity between services the child is leaving and the school; of teaching and learning; of relationships with families; and of planning and management of the transition process. During the transition process the attitudes and views of families and professionals are enmeshed within a framework of policies, management procedures and the decision making required within each. This thesis includes an outline of best practice and investigates the issue of continuity during the transition from early intervention services to school. Research was carried out in Western Sydney with a group of early childhood teachers who described their current beliefs and practices related to transition. The results are outlined and discussed and recommendations made for the delivery of more effective transitions to school for children with special needs and their families / Master of Education (Hons) / YES/NO

Background: The transition from pre-school to kindergarten can be complex for children who need special assistance due to mental or physical disabilities (children with “special needs”). We used a longitudinal mixed-methods approach to explore parents’ experiences with service provision as their children transitioned to school. Methods: Parents (including one grandparent) of 37 children aged 4 to 6 years completed measures assessing their perceptions of and satisfaction with services, as well as their perceptions of the children’s behaviour. Teachers completed measures indicating children’s school readiness and school adjustment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents to understand their experiences with services. Findings: Post-transition, parents reported lower perceptions of services and decreased satisfaction than pre-transition. Pre-transition perceptions of services and satisfaction with services were associated with some of the children’s outcomes important for school success. Socio-economic characteristics of parents did not predict change in their perceptions of services or satisfaction with services post-transition. The following themes emerged from the qualitative data: qualities of services and service providers, communication and information transfer, parent advocacy, uncertainty about services, and contrasts and contradictions in satisfaction. The qualitative findings indicate parents were both satisfied and concerned with aspects of the post-transition service provision. Conclusions: While the quantitative results suggested that parents’ experience with services became less positive after their children entered school, the qualitative findings illustrated the variability in parents’ experiences and components of service provision that require improvements to facilitate a successful school entry. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The transition to school marks an important developmental step for children and families. Coping and competence during such a transition begin long before the child enters the classroom and effects last for many years. Although children are born with the capacity to learn, it is the quality of relationships, particularly the relationship with the primary caregiver that shapes early learning experiences. This study examined the links between the attachment relationship between mother and child on the developing teacher-child relationship, the effects of the adult-child relationships on child outcomes and on children’s perspectives of their kindergarten experience. Contextual factors were considered in relation to adult-child relationships and child outcomes. Despite a robust literature on mother-child relationships and teacher-child relationships, no empirical studies have examined these relationships with parallel instruments and few studies include the children’s voices. For this study, participants included mothers and their kindergarten children (N= 74) and kindergarten teachers (N=7) from five schools that differed in linguistic and socio-economic profiles. Mothers and teachers completed a Q-Sort measure of child attachment security and dependency, and children participated in three early literacy tasks and a child interview. The lack of significant association between mother-child attachment quality and dependency and direct child literacy outcomes was a surprising finding. Nevertheless, child interviews revealed that children who were less secure and more dependent with their mothers expressed difficulties with the academic aspects of school. The quality of teacher-child relationships was positively related to children’s early literacy outcomes. These findings were interpreted in light of contextual factors as suggested by Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological theory. Adult reports of children’s attachment security and dependency were related to children’s participation in childcare or in a preschool program for more than 10 hours a week and to attendance in a private school that offered a full day preschool and kindergarten program. The implications of these findings point to the important role of high quality early childhood experiences that support attachment relationships with caregivers as children make the transition to school.

The transition to school marks an important developmental step for children and families. Coping and competence during such a transition begin long before the child enters the classroom and effects last for many years. Although children are born with the capacity to learn, it is the quality of relationships, particularly the relationship with the primary caregiver that shapes early learning experiences. This study examined the links between the attachment relationship between mother and child on the developing teacher-child relationship, the effects of the adult-child relationships on child outcomes and on children’s perspectives of their kindergarten experience. Contextual factors were considered in relation to adult-child relationships and child outcomes. Despite a robust literature on mother-child relationships and teacher-child relationships, no empirical studies have examined these relationships with parallel instruments and few studies include the children’s voices. For this study, participants included mothers and their kindergarten children (N= 74) and kindergarten teachers (N=7) from five schools that differed in linguistic and socio-economic profiles. Mothers and teachers completed a Q-Sort measure of child attachment security and dependency, and children participated in three early literacy tasks and a child interview. The lack of significant association between mother-child attachment quality and dependency and direct child literacy outcomes was a surprising finding. Nevertheless, child interviews revealed that children who were less secure and more dependent with their mothers expressed difficulties with the academic aspects of school. The quality of teacher-child relationships was positively related to children’s early literacy outcomes. These findings were interpreted in light of contextual factors as suggested by Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological theory. Adult reports of children’s attachment security and dependency were related to children’s participation in childcare or in a preschool program for more than 10 hours a week and to attendance in a private school that offered a full day preschool and kindergarten program. The implications of these findings point to the important role of high quality early childhood experiences that support attachment relationships with caregivers as children make the transition to school.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal