In November of 1965, the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was launched in China when a Shanghai newspaper editor, Yao Wen-yuan, published an attack on the play which is translated here, Hai Jui Dismissed from Office. The fact that this event constituted the beginning of what later became a political struggle of vast proportions was recognized only belatedly by most Western analysts. When the Cultural Revolution moved into high gear with the launching of the Red Guard movement in the spring of 1966, vague references were made in some Western commentaries to the fact that the explosion seemed to have been ignited, by the public exposure of a drama which had purportedly satirized the Communist Party and Mao Tse-tung. No one appeared to have any certainty about exactly what the play had said and in what way it satirized Mao and the Party. As far as I am aware, this is the first translation of the entire text of the play, or any part of it, into English. Aside from simply translating the text of the play, the purpose of this thesis is to analyze the events of late 1965 and early 1966 and place them both in chronological order and in political perspective. In this way, it is clearly shown how the attack on Wu Han led to attacks on other "bourgeois" writers and intellectuals. Eventually, this latter group was linked to high officials in the Peking Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Finally, the "cultural" aspect of the Cultural Revolution gave way to a full-fledged political battle within the Party itself. / Arts, Faculty of / Asian Studies, Department of / Graduate

L'etude suivante porte sur la traduction du theatre dans le contexte Canada/Quebec, de 1951 a 1994, et suit une methodologie empruntee a l'Ecole de Tel-Aviv et a l a «critique productive» d'Antoine Berman. Apres un survol des discours portant sur les litteratures et les dramaturgies canadienne et quebecoise en traduction, une analyse des douze pieces inscrites au corpus permet d ' identifier la fonction attribuee au traduit dans le contexte recepteur. De la fin des annees 60 jusqu'au milieu des annees 80, les dramaturgies franco-quebecoise et canadienne-anglaise sont marquees par la question identitaire . La traduction repond alors a un desir de creer un repertoire national, specifiquement quebecois d'une part et specifiquement canadien de l'autre. Cette specificite repose sur la mise en valeur de la difference, ressentie comme essentielle a L'elaboration d'une identite nationale distincte. Commune a chaque groupe linguistique, cette mise en valeur de la difference fait toutefois appel a des procedes fort divergents. D'un cote, la traduction franco-quebecoise met l'accent sur sa propre difference, au moyen d'adaptations qui prennent l'apparence d'un produit local et masquent l'origine du texte canadien-anglais. De l'autre, la traduction canadienne-anglaise souligne l ' alterite du texte quebecois en insistant sur son caractere non menacant et evite la cruciale question de la representation anglaise du joual, langue emblematique du nouveau theatre quebecois. A la fin des annees 80, les deux groupes linguistiques rorapent avec ce modele et affichent de nouvelles tendances. Au Quebec, ou le theatre canadien-anglais connait une popularity grandissante depuis 1990, l'obligation speculaire cede le pas au spectaculaire oblige et a la theatralite provocante qui servent a legitimer l'emprunt anglo-canadien. De son cote, la traduction anglaise du texte quebecois n'est plus confronted au joual mais au probleme que pose l'esthetique verbale hautement stylisee des pieces franco-quebecoises plus recentes. La traduction doit alors attenuer une exuberance langagiere qui heurte les normes en vigueur dans la dramaturgie canadienne-anglaise. La forte polarisation observee dans les strategies de traduction deployees de part et d'autre reflete l'asymetrie des positions occupees par les dramaturgies produites dans les langues officielles du Canada, ou l'anglais constitue la langue de la majorite et ou le francais demeure minoritaire. / Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies / Graduate

In this study, the role of translation in the introduction of Chinese xiqu into the United States is examined using an anthropological approach. This study identifies three encounters that exemplify the three critical stages of acceptance of xiqu in the United States, and examines how translation operates and functions as a tool of cultural mediation in the introduction and promotion of xiqu there. The three critical encounters this study identifies are: the 19th century performance tours of Cantonese opera in San Francisco, the 1930s tour of Mei Lan-fang to the U.S., and the 2006 tour of Kenneth Pai's production of the Young Lover's Edition of the Peony Pavilion to the U.S. An ethnohistoric approach is adopted to reconstruct the contexts of the translators' decision-making with the purpose of highlighting the human factor in the process. Translations, first-hand paratextual materials and data collected in interviews facilitate the triangulation of analysis and verification. The result offers a critical understanding of translation in a cultural dissemination process by analyzing xiqu with an emphasis on the human factor.

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Thesis (MPhil (Afrikaans and Dutch))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / In this descriptive study, recent translations into English of two highly-regarded Afrikaans novels are investigated. The purpose of this is to describe these translations in a comparative manner, in order to arrive at conclusions about the differing modi operandi of diverse literary translators. The texts studied are Agaat by Marlene van Niekerk (2004) and Hierdie lewe by Karel Schoeman (1993), titled Agaat (2006) and This Life (2005) in English, and translated by Michiel Heyns and Elsa Silke, respectively. The two translators differ in that one is a creative writer in own right, though not being a formally-trained translation scholar, and translated with input from the source text author. The other is not a creative writer, translated without input from the author and has a formal translation-theoretical qualification. In this study, the target texts produced by these two translators are compared with their respective source texts, in order to determine whether there are differences or similarities in their modi operandi. A theoretical framework is compiled using relevant translation theories in order to systematise the comparison of the source texts and their translations. The novels are then compared to their translations in turn, on various levels, in order to describe the modus operandi of each translator. This results in certain conclusions being drawn about the different ways in which diverse translators work. These conclusions are linked to norms apparent in the decisions the translators make, or the lack thereof, as well as the role of the translation skopos. A number of topics for further research are also mentioned.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Masters of Arts, 2016 / This study focuses on the aesthetics and ethics of translating African literature, using a case of two of D.O. Fagunwa’s Yoruba novels, namely; Igbo Olodumare (1949) translated by Wole Soyinka as In the Forest of Olodumare (2010) and Adiitu Olodumare (1961) translated by Olu Obafemi as The Mysteries of God (2012). More specifically, the overall aim of this study is to determine the positions of these target texts on the domestication and foreignization continuum. The study of these texts is carried out using a descriptive and systemic theoretical framework, based on Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS), Polysystem theory and the notion of norms of translational behaviour. The descriptive approach is extended by drawing on ideological and ethical approaches to translating postcolonial and marginalized literature. Lambert and Van Gorp’s model for the description of translation products is used in exploring the position of Fagunwa’s translated novels in the target literary system. A close comparative analysis of a number of extracts from the two target texts and their corresponding source texts is conducted in order to determine the approaches taken by both translators in their translation of the distinctive stylistic features of Fagunwa’s prose. Building on the work of Christopher Fotheringham (2015) in the field of stylistic analysis of translated African prose, this study describes and analyses the occurrence of shifts of formal literary features between these target texts and their corresponding source texts. This is done by employing Antoine Berman’s scheme of deforming tendencies and Anton Popovič’s scheme of stylistic shifts as the basis for the translational shift analysis. / GR2017

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Translation Johannesburg, March 2016 / The study provides a comparative and contrastive analysis of Calixthe Beyala’s novel, C'est le soleil qui m'a brûlée, and its translation, The Sun Hath Looked upon Me, by Marjolijn de Jager focusing on textual, paratextual and metatextual elements of these two texts. The analysis shows how the translator dealt with the disruptive stylistic effects of a postcolonial text and the themes around which the novel is centred. Problems and solutions related to postcolonial translations and relevant theories are approached in the analysis. The textual analysis is done using Gérard Genette’s (1997) model of analysis of the elements of the paratext and Vinay and Darbelnet’s (1995) model of comparative analysis of French and English. / GR2017

University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of English

Sandro Penna, an understudied Italian poet whose literary corpus is produced during the end period and eventual fall of Italian fascism, writes Appunti, the second volume of his major poetic corpus, from 1938-49. In it, he explicates a poetic of an unapologetic, open homoeroticism that allows one to examine the obstacles a translator faces in considering how one can remain faithful to the original poems and the identity the poet creates. Keeping in mind theoretical influences informing the creation and translation of poetry and the political choices inherent therein, my translations of these poems mediate the content and form in the target text to maintain the importance of the context in which the originals are written. This thesis and these translations aim to reexamine the importance of Penna as a poet, address the importance of translation in the establishment of foreign poets, and develop a new perspective in Translation Studies that considers the interdisciplinary applications of Gender and Sexuality Studies. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection