Translocation of wildlife has become common practice for wildlife managers charged with management of animals on increasingly modified landscapes. Translocation can be used to reduce population density in the source area, supplement existing populations, reestablish extirpated populations, and establish new populations. Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) are a species of great interest to the public in western North America. Although translocations have been used to manage mule deer, very little has been done to document the outcomes of this management practice. The purpose of this research was to evaluate movement, site fidelity, space use, and survival of translocated mule deer in relation to the timing of release (early versus late winter) and to provide managers with information useful in judging the relative value of translocation as a management strategy for this species. We captured 102 mule deer in January and March 2013 and translocated them from winter range near Parowan, UT, to winter range along the Pahvant Mountain Range near Holden, UT (approximately 144 km north of the capture location). Each deer was fitted with a radio transmitter (21 GPS collars, 81 VHF collars) prior to release to document outcomes. In January 2013 and 2014 we also captured and marked a total of 70 resident deer (non-translocated deer; 9 GPS collars, 61 VHF collars) to serve as a reference group within our study area. Following release, we monitored deer weekly through March 2015. We found that translocated deer had lower annual survival rates than resident deer during the first year following release, but similar annual survival rates to resident deer during the second year following release. Additionally, we found that age strongly influenced the survival of translocated deer; young deer (e.g., 2.5 year olds) were more than twice as likely to survive the initial year following translocation than old deer (e.g., 7.5 year olds). We also found that translocated deer had larger home ranges compared to resident deer during the first and second years following release. However, the average size of translocated deer home ranges decreased from year 1 to year 2 following release. Despite these large home ranges and extended movements during the summer months, most surviving deer (96 %) returned (within < 30 km) to winter range where they were released. We found no difference in movement, site fidelity, or survival for transplanted deer released in January and March. Based on our findings, wildlife managers that elect to translocate mule deer should not expect a difference in survival between early and late winter releases, but will likely see high site fidelity, higher survival rates during the second year following translocation (compared to the first year), and higher survival rates for younger deer compared to older deer.

Alcohol-related Liver Disease (ALD) represents almost half of all deaths attributable to liver disease (LD) in the US. Despite the large proportion of deaths from ALD, however, only 1.4% of all liver transplants were for patients with ALD. ALD presents a range of medical and ethical concerns for those who drive the policy and practices of liver transplantation (LT). While, historically, stringent eligibility criteria for LT precluded many with ALD from receiving a transplant, more recent research suggests such criteria may be misguided. The following review compares LT outcomes between ALD and non-ALD recipients and finds that LT recipients with ALD have equal, if not better, survival rates than those with non-ALD. The findings of this review suggest a need for revisiting transplant criteria for patients with ALD to ensure parity.

Fatigue is a common problem among cancer patients, especially those who have received chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Stem cell transplant (SCT) patients are at a particular risk of persistent fatigue as they receive more aggressive therapies. This study examined the prevalence of fatigue after completion of SCT. Further, the level of fatigue symptom distress and its relationship with quality of life (QOL) among long term SCT survivors was examined. The study involved thirty-three patients, 21 males and 12 females, treated with autologous or allogeneic SCT in a comprehensive cancer center in Southwest Florida. Participants' ages ranged from 36 to 70 years, with a mean age of 53 years. All subjects completed the Cancer Related Fatigue Distress Scale and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant questionnaires. All the patients had to be at least six months from transplant. The results of this study showed that fatigue is quite prevalent among SCT survivors. Ninety-three percent of the patients reported some degree of fatigue, and 15% experienced severe fatigue. Patients who received autologous transplant (24%) reported less fatigue symptom distress (mean= 48, SD= 36.62) compared to the allogeneic transplant group (mean= 66.2, SD= 54.49). A strong negative relationship was found between fatigue symptom distress and QOL (r = 0.85, p < 0.0001) suggesting that patients with the greatest fatigue distress report the worst QOL. The time from transplant factor was significantly positively associated with fatigue symptom distress (r= 0.46, p= 0.007) indicating greater distress with the passage of time. A moderate negative relationship was also found between time from transplant and QOL (r= -0.34, p= 0.052) suggesting that QOL was less in some patients as time passed; however this was a weak relationship that did not achieve statistical significance. Although the sample size was small, this study was able to provide a confirmation that fatigue symptom distress and QOL are related to one another. Understanding the relationship between fatigue symptom distress and QOL should encourage interdisciplinary collaboration in planning proper interventions to minimize fatigue. This would improve the outcomes of SCT long term survivors, and would positively impact their overall QOL.

The aim of the thesis was to find out and evaluate the long-term functional-motor consequences of stem cell transplantation in children patients and to propose possibilities of testing and physical therapy of these functional-motor consequences. The first part of the thesis is aiming to research available sources about bone marrow transplant and its consequencies. It summarizes possibilities of testing the bone marrow transplant patient`s motor abilities. Furthermore, it summarizes possibilities of physiotherapy in bone marrow transplant patients. The second part of the thesis processes BOT2 results in bone marrow transplant children patients . The thesis evaluates its results compared to healthy population and tests an impact of various factors on function-motor abilities of the patient. The children after bone marrow transplant have mostly below average results in motor tests, especially in manual coordination section. The hypothesis were partially confirmed. Children which underwent radiotherapy have function-motor consequencies in manual coordination and fine motor skills. Children which underwent corticotherapy have function-motor consequencies in manual coordination.

Antalet potentiella kandidater till en levertransplantation är högre än tillgången till donatorer. En levertransplantation övervägs när transplantationen kan bidra till ökad livskvalitet eller när sjukdomen förväntas ge en kortare livstid än den förväntade generella livslängden hos människan. Syftet var att beskriva erfarenheter hos personer som har genomgått en levertransplantation. En allmän litteraturstudie med deduktiv ansats. Tio resultatartiklar hämtade från två olika databaser som analyserats med en innehållsanalys. Resultatfynden kategoriserades utifrån en modell för överlevnad vid levertransplantation. Kategorierna var fysiskt välbefinnande, psykologiskt välbefinnande, socialt välbefinnande och spirituellt välbefinnande. Att genomgå en levertransplantation påverkade vardagen och den upplevda hälsan hos personer som mottagit en ny lever. Trots känslor av rädsla, oro och nedstämdhet så upplevde personerna ett hopp om en möjlig framtid. En utveckling av modellen för överlevnad vid levertransplantation kan möjliggöra för att den ska kunna implementeras och används som underlag i vården av personer som fått en ny lever i framtiden. Litteraturtudien kan stödja sjuksköterskan i att implementera ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt där patienten får vara delaktig i vården. / The number of potential candidates for a liver transplant is higher than the availability of donors. A liver transplant is considered when the transplant can contribute to increased quality of life or when the disease is expected to have a shorter lifespan than the expected overall life expectancy in humans. The purpose was to describe the experiences of people who have undergone a liver transplant. A general literature study with a deductive approach. Nine articles retrieved from two different databases analyzed with a content analysis. The results were categorized on the basis of a survivorship model in liver transplantation. The categories were physical well-being, psychological well-being, social well-being and spiritual well-being. Undergoing a liver transplant affected the everyday life and perceived health of people who received a new liver. Despite feelings of fear, anxiety and depression, the people experienced hope for a possible future. A development of the model for liver transplantation survivorship can enable for it to be implemented and used as a basis in the care of people who have received a new liver in the future. The literature study can support the nurse in implementing a person-centered approach where the patient can be involved in the care.

This experiment determined the effects of transplantation of fetal hippocampus on the ability of male rats with hippocampal lesions to acquire versions of a radial arm maze that depended on either extramaze cues or intramaze cues for solution. Rats receiving transplants took significantly more trials than control rats to emit three consecutive errorless trials in the extramaze cue (spatial) variation of the maze. Rats with just hippocampal lesions never differed from any other group. No differences in this measure were found for the intramaze cue condition. Rats receiving transplants made more repeat entries into reinforced arms in both versions of the maze than control rats and more reentries into neverbaited arms in the spatial maze. Rats with hippocampal lesions failed to differ from any other group on this measure in the spatial maze, but were different from normal rats in the intramaze cue maze. These data suggest that in some tasks transplants of fetal tissue lead to greater behavioral impairment than lesions alone.

Introduction: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage renal disease [ESRD]. An increased risk of ESRD has been demonstrated when comparing donors to age matched healthy non-donors. There are no outcome data in Africa on long term donor renal function or mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to assess long term health complications in the living donor population and evaluate risk factors associated with poor health outcomes of the donors. Methods: This was a retrospective review with prospective follow up of persons undergoing living related donor nephrectomy for renal transplantation, at Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) from January 2005 to November 2017. We retrospectively analysed baseline demographics, clinical information including blood pressure and renal function (creatinine, eGFR and proteinuria) and compared them with follow up blood pressure and renal function. Results: The majority of the donors were of mixed ancestry 94/154(61%) and 1st degree relatives 111/154 (72%) of which 63/111 (56.8%) donors were siblings. Hypertension developed in 16/31 (51.6%) donors at follow-up. Those developing hypertension had a higher mean baseline blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 139±11.3 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure 85.5±7.3 mmHg). 21/49(42.9%) developed chronic kidney disease [CKD], of which, 16 donors had an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 . In those that developed CKD there was a higher percentage of males (p=0.018) and they were older (p=0.048) at baseline. Baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressures was not statistically different in those that developed CKD. 3/31(9.6%) donors developed diabetes. Conclusions: In South Africa, CKD is on the rise and the need for kidney donors for patients with ESRD is therefore also increasing. This study demonstrates that our living donors are at increased risk of CKD and hypertension and therefore need to be followed up more rigorously.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Poor long-term kidney transplant outcomes are a significant problem in the U.S. Interventions must focus on preserving allograft function by managing modifiable risk factors. An instrument capable of identifying problems with post-kidney transplant self-management behaviors may enable the design and testing of self-management interventions. This study’s purpose was to test the psychometric properties of the new Kidney Transplant Self-Management Scale (KT–SM). The Zimmerman framework adapted for kidney transplant self-management guided the cross-sectional study. A total of 153 kidney recipients recruited from Facebook® completed the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease (SEMCD), Patient Activation Measure (PAM), Kidney Transplant Questionnaire (KTQ), and KT–SM Scale instruments via a REDCap® survey. Most participants were female (65%), White (81.7%), and middle-aged (M = 46.7; SD = 12.4 years) with a history of dialysis (73%) and received a kidney transplant an average of 6.58 years previous (SD = 6.7). Exploratory factor analysis results supported the 16-item KT–SM Scale as a multidimensional scale with five domains with loadings ranging between .39 and .89: medication adherence, protecting kidney, cardiovascular risk reduction, ownership, and skin cancer prevention. Internal consistency reliability for the total scale (Cronbach’s α = .84) and five domains ranged from .71 to .83. The total and domains were positively correlated, ranging from r = .51 to .76, p = .01. Criterion-related validity was evidenced by significant correlations of KT–SM and domains with SEMCD (r =.22 to .53, p = .01), PAM (r = .31 to .52, p = .01), and the overall KTQ (r = .20 to .32, p = .01) except for one KT–SM domain: protecting kidney. Construct validity was evaluated using multivariate regression analysis. The linear combination of age, patient activation, and self-efficacy explained 45% of the variance in KT–SM behaviors; 47% of the variance in KTQ (measuring quality of life) was predicted by age, comorbidity, and self-efficacy. These findings provide beginning evidence of reliability and validity for the newly developed KT–SM scale. Instruments like this may provide a means to capture the self-management behaviors of the kidney transplant population, which is critical for future work on interventions.

Arabidopsis arenosa represents a promising model for studying the mechanisms underlying the adaptation to serpentine soil. Genetic basis of serpentine adaptation is still poorly known and A. arenosa possesses many advantages as a tool to complete that knowledge. The first step of this study was to reveal the presence of a local adaptation to serpentine soil in a population of A. arenosa. To do so, I used the data from a reciprocal transplant experiment realized between a Czech pair of serpentine - non-serpentine populations and I explored the phenotypes associated with the adaptation. Subsequently, I produced the F2 hybrids coming from crosses between serpentine - non-serpentine parents and I studied the expression of fitness traits in F2 plants growing in serpentine in order to estimate the number of loci underlying the adaptation which I compared with other studies. I confirmed the presence of a local adaptation, with the population of serpentine origin performing better than the non-serpentine population in the serpentine substrate of origin, associated with accumulation of heavy metals in the leaves. Analyses of the soil composition revealed differences in heavy metals and nutrients contents, Ca/Mg ratio and pH between the two localities. Those results fitted with the function of the candidate...

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