Thesis (M.S.)--Texas State University--San Marcos, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-51). Also available on microfilm.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carretero_mm_me_sjrp.pdf: 795127 bytes, checksum: 64b07e80db6689945e91fc1c317deb3c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Em alguns setores, o planejamento da produção envolve dois aspectos: o dimensionamento do tamanho dos lotes e a programação da produção (sequenciamento dos lotes). O primeiro problema consiste em determinar o tamanho dos lotes de produção de cada item a ser produzido em uma ou mais máquinas em cada período ao longo de um horizonte de planejamento finito. O segundo problema consiste em encontrar a ordem em que os lotes devem ser produzidos em um dado conjunto de máquinas. Estes dois aspectos do planejamento da produção podem ser tratados de forma independente: em um estágio é resolvido o problema de dimensionamento dos lotes e no outro, realizado antes ou depois, é resolvido o problema de seqüenciamento. No entanto, uma tendência recente na literatura são trabalhos que apresentam modelos matemáticos que capturam simultaneamente as relações entre os dois problemas. Na literatura pode-se encontrar modelos integrados que incluem restrições de eliminação de subrotas, propostas para o Problema do Caixeiro Viajante (PCV), para formular as restrições de sequenciamento. No entanto, alguns dos modelos propostos usam restrições de ordem polinomial que fornecem uma relaxação linear fraca. O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar o uso de inequações válidas, propostas na literatura, para obtenção de formulações mais fortes para o problema integrado de dimensionamento e sequenciamento da produção. Resultados computacionais usando exemplares aleatórios e exemplares da literatura mostram que as reformulações propostas são eficientes para cenários em que o modelo original não é eficiente. / Often, the production planning involves the lot sizing and scheduling of items. The first problem is to determine the lot size of each item to be produced in one or more machines in each period over a finite planning horizon. The second problem is to find the order in which the items will be produced. These two aspects of the production planning can be treated independently: in one stage the lot sizing problem is solved, and in the other, that can be executed before or after, the scheduling problem is solved. A recent trend in the literature is to propose mathematical models that capture the relationships between these two problems. In the literature one can find integrated models that include subtour elimination constraints, proposed for the Traveling Salesman Problem, to formulate the scheduling decisions. However, in some of these models, constraints of polynomial order, that provides a weak linear relaxation, are used.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of valid inequalities proposed in the literature to obtain stronger formulations to the lot and scheduling problem. Computational results using random instances and instances from the literature show that the proposed formulations have a better performance in scenarios where the original model is not efficient.

Orientador: Luziane Ferreira de Mendonça / Dissertação ( mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campionas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T15:32:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tavora_RogerioCarvalhoMendes_M.pdf: 4616708 bytes, checksum: 3a393a830c9e1127f5694b0a56d9fcd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Comemorando os 200 anos de Academia Militar no Brasil a partir de março de 2011, estão previstas várias implementações e melhorias na estrutura de visitação da AMAN que, consequentemente, vão gerar um aumento substancial no número de grupos visitantes no ano de seu bicentenário. Diante dos fatos percebe-se a necessidade de um modelo matemático eficiente cuja finalidade seja permitir aos grupos visitantes percorrerem trajetos otimizados, ou seja, que passem pelos pontos principais de visitação no menor tempo e distância possíveis. O modelo matemático a ser adotado neste trabalho é o Problema do Caixeiro Viajante (Traveling Salesman Problem - TSP), um clássico da Otimização Combinatória pertencente 'a classe de problemas NP - difícil, que já possui eficientes algoritmos desenvolvidos. Serão utilizadas heurísticas próprias para a resolução do TSP com o intuito de se obter numericamente itinerários ótimos de visitação, considerando os diferentes grupos visitantes e suas dificuldades de acesso, dentre outras particularidades. / Abstract: Celebrating 200 years of the Military Academy in Brazil from March 2011, provides a lot of implementations and improvements in the structure of visitation of AMAN, consequently, will generate substantial growth in the number of visiting groups in the year of its bicentennial. Given the facts we see the need for an efficient mathematical model whose purpose is to allow visitors to wander paths optimized groups, ie passing through the main points of visitation in the shortest possible time and distance. The mathematical model to be adopted in this work is TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem - TSP), a classic combinatorial optimization class of problems NP - hard, that have already efficient algorithms. We will use own heuristics for solving the TSP in order to obtain numerically optimal routes for visitors, considering the various visiting groups and their difficulties of access, among other features. / Mestrado / Mestre em Matemática

Orientadores: Fernando Jose Von Zuben, Leandro Nunes de Castro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T01:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_LalinkadeCamposTeixeira_D.pdf: 3303378 bytes, checksum: 65adc8d5ec20cd1f431eaca2fe3765cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Problemas de otimização combinatória apresentam grande relevância prática e surgem em uma ampla gama de aplicações. Em geral, a otimização combinatória está associada a uma explosão de candidatos à solução, inviabilizando a aplicação de métodos exatos. Frente à intratabilidade desta classe de problemas via métodos exatos, nos últimos anos tem havido um crescente interesse por métodos heurísticos capazes de encontrar soluções de alta qualidade, não necessariamente ótimas. Considerando o notório sucesso empírico de meta-heurísticas concebidas através da inspiração biológica e na natureza, essas abordagens vêm ganhando cada vez mais atenção por parte de pesquisadores. É fato conhecido que não existe uma única metodologia capaz de sempre produzir os melhores resultados para todas as classes de problemas, ou mesmo para todas as instâncias de uma mesma classe. Assim, a busca de solução para problemas de natureza combinatória constitui uma linha de pesquisa desafiadora. Nesta tese são considerados problemas de otimização combinatória multicritério e multimodal. Como principal contribuição, destaca-se a concepção de novas meta-heurísticas para a solução de problemas combinatórios de elevada complexidade, tendo sido propostas duas classes de ferramentas computacionais. A primeira envolve um método híbrido fundamentado em mapas auto-organizáveis de Kohonen e inferência nebulosa, em que um conjunto de regras guia o processo de treinamento do mapa de modo a permitir o tratamento de problemas com restrições e múltiplos objetivos. A segunda abordagem baseia-se em sistemas imunológicos artificiais. Em particular, a abordagem imunológica levou à proposição de meta-heurísticas capazes de encontrar e manter diversas soluções de alta qualidade, viabilizando o tratamento de problemas multimodais. Como casos de estudo, foram consideradas duas classes de problemas de otimização combinatória multimodal: o problema de roteamento de veículos capacitados e o problema do caixeiro viajante simétrico. As técnicas propostas foram também adaptadas para a solução de problemas de bioinformática, em particular ao problema de análise de dados de expressão gênica, produzindo resultados diferenciados e indicando um elevado potencial para aplicações práticas. / Abstract: Combinatorial optimization problems possess a high practical relevance and emerge on a wide range of applications. Usually, combinatorial optimization is associated with an explosion of candidates to the solution, making exact methods unfeasible. Before the unfeasibility of exact methods when dealing with this class of problems, lately there has been an increasing interest in heuristic methods capable of finding high-quality solutions, not necessarily the optimal one. Considering the widely known empirical success of metaheuristics conceived with inspiration on biological systems and on the nature itself, such approaches are receiving more and more attention from the scientific community. Evidently, there is no single methodology able to always produce the best results for all classes of problems, or even for all instances of one specific class. That is why the search for solutions to combinatorial problems remains a challenging task. This thesis considers multicriteria and multimodal combinatorial optimization problems. As the main contribution, one can emphasize the conception of new metaheuristics designed to the solution of high-complexity combinatorial optimization problems, and two classes of computational tools have been proposed. The first one involves hybrid method based on Kohonen self-organizing maps and fuzzy inference, in which a set of rules guides the training of the self-organizing maps in order to allow the handling of problems with constraints and multiple objectives. The second approach is based on artificial immune systems. Particularly, the immune-inspired approach leads to the proposal of metaheuristics capable of finding out and maintaining multiple high-quality solutions, making it possible to deal with multimodal problems. As case studies, the capacitated vehicle routing problem and the symmetric traveling salesman problem are considered, giving rise to combinatorial and multimodal problems. The proposed techniques were also adapted to the solution of problems in the field of bioinformatics, specifically the analysis of gene expression data, leading to distinguished results and indicating a high potential for practical applications. / Doutorado / Engenharia de Computação / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

This thesis aims to find an optimal route taken by workers reading gas-meters. The text consists of three parts: the collection of necessary data, the selection and subsequent modification of the heuristic method and the calculation itself. Two techniques of data collection are applied: purchase from a specialised company and calculation based on geographical coordinates. These techniques are compared in the end. The method of the nearest neighbour is used for calculation, after being modified for this particular case. The calculation itself is done by the program named Gas-meters, which was created for the purpose of this thesis. The route potentially used by the gas company workers is then the result of the thesis. Furthermore, the thesis presents specific corporate savings possibly brought by using the presented program.

The thesis describes the principles of dynamic programming and it's application to concrete problems. (The travelling salesman problem, the knapsack problem, the shortest path priblem,the set covering problem.)

This thesis is continuation of the bachelor thesis "Model of delivery routes and placement logistics centers with opportunities of their optimization". It is about distribution problems and specifically a vehicle routing problem. The aim of this thesis is finding a solution of the vehicle routing problem which will be used repeatedly in the firm. The main task is achieving the lowest costs (total kilometers) with maximum utilization of vehicle capacity; in such conditions that all requirements of logistics centers will be satisfied and maximal capacity of vehicle will be tolerated. For calculation was used a solver Gurobi 6.0.3 in system MPL for Windows 4.2, which won't, however, provide the optimal solution and problem solving takes too long time. Next for calculation was used heuristics insert method and is written by VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) in MS Excel. Finally, there is a comparison of these methods with the original solution of the vehicle routing plan and solution of the bachelor thesis. Then the computational experiment was done, which tested effect to result, if other distribution center (starting point) will be bulit. The computational experiment was consist from heuristic insert method, solver Gurobi and heuristic saving algorithm from bachelor thesis.

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) has become a classic in the field of combinatorial optimization. Attracting computer scientists and mathematicians, the problem involves finding a minimum cost Hamiltonian cycle in a weighted graph.

The diploma thesis focuses on the use of genetic algorithms for tasks related to the travelling salesman problem. Based on theoretical knowledge and problem analysis a proposal of the solution is provided. This creates a daily route plan for service technicians with regard to constraints. The case study shows that the proposed solution in comparison with manual scheduling by experience enables to reduce transportation costs.

This work deals with traveling salesman problem (TSP) and examines it’s possibilities to use in business. It is about the optimization of the travel cost, saving time and unnecessary mileage. Part of the work is a program with a GUI written in program MATLAB. Program uses neural networks to calculate the most effective path between places, where the trader has to reach. It’s possible to use the algorithm for many purposes, e.g. distribution of goods, store management, planning of PCBs or rescue services. Program communicates with the Google Maps API server, which provides the actual information of the path.