Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia Maria Bignotto.pdf: 807791 bytes, checksum: cbd31bd6800c47196215c3fea0f860fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-10 / The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of a new method for treating stress, designated stress control training for children (known locally as TCS-I) in the reduction of the symptomatology of stress in children between 8 and 9 years of age. The TCS-I was composed of 16 weekly meetings lasting 90 minutes each, in group session, and was based on cognitive behavior theory. The participants consisted of 20 children equally divided into two groups: the GTCSI which received the TCS-I training and the GC (control group) who had 16 weekly sessions with a psychologist, which did not involve stress control. Initial testing evaluated the symptomatology of stress, the stressors which the children would normally encounter in their everyday lives and what were the confrontation strategies they used. Using the quadriphase model as a theoretical benchmark which emphasizes four phases in the stress process, namely alert, resistance, near-exhaustion and exhaustion, results show that 60% of children were in the near-exhaustion phase, with a prevalence of psychological reactions. The stressors most mentioned by the children were internal in nature, and related to feelings of anxiety and situations related to impaired self-esteem. It was also found that they made use of numbers and types of strategies that were not sufficient to control their levels of tension. The two groups were compared before and after the GTCSI sessions. Initially, the groups showed no significant differences in terms of the level and phase of stress they were facing. After intervention, it was noted that the GTCSI showed a significant reduction in their level of stress when compared to the control group. It was concluded that stressed children, when subjected to stress control training specific to their needs, are capable of developing confrontation skills and achieving a reduction in levels of stress. It was also concluded that TCS-I is very effective in reducing stress in children and the internal sources of this stress. / Este estudo objetivou testar a efic?cia de um m?todo novo de tratamento do stress, designado treino psicol?gico de stress infantil (TCS-I) na redu??o da sintomatologia do stress em crian?as de 08 anos a 09 anos anos de idade. O TCS-I se constituiu de 16 encontros semanais de 90 minutos de dura??o, em grupo, e se baseou na teoria cognitivo-comportamental. Os participantes foram 20 crian?as distribu?das igualmente em dois grupos: GTCSI que recebeu o TCS-I e outro (grupo comparativo GC) que teve 16 encontros semanais com a psic?loga, n?o direcionados ao controle do stress. A testagem inicial avaliou a sintomatologia de stress, os estressores com os quais as crian?as se deparavam no dia a dia e quais estrat?gias de enfrentamento elas utilizavam. Considerando-se como referencial te?rico o modelo quadrif?sico que enfatiza quatro fases no processo do stress: alerta, resist?ncia, quase exaust?o e exaust?o, os resultados indicam que 60% das crian?as encontravam-se na fase de quase exaust?o, com preval?ncia de rea??es psicol?gicas. Os estressores mais mencionados por elas eram de natureza interna e se referiam a sentimentos de ansiedade e situa??es referentes a uma autoestima prejudicada. Verificou-se ainda que faziam uso de um n?mero e tipo de estrat?gias que se mostrou insuficiente no controle de seus n?veis de tens?o. Os dois grupos foram comparados antes e ap?s a interven??o do GTCSI. No inicio, os grupos n?o mostraram diferen?as significativas quanto ao n?vel e fase do stress na qual se encontravam. Ap?s a interven??o, observou-se, que o GTCSI apresentou uma redu??o significativa no seu n?vel de stress quando comparado ao GC. Concluiu-se que as crian?as estressadas quando submetidas a um treino de controle de stress espec?fico ?s suas necessidades, s?o capazes de desenvolver habilidades de enfrentamento obtendo redu??o nos n?veis de stress. Concluiu-se tamb?m que o TCS-I ? muito eficaz na redu??o do stress infantil e das fontes internas de stress.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 deniseberettabarbosa_tese.pdf: 636234 bytes, checksum: b79c624e8dbc5d83f3a5922674cb79db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-05 / The purpose of this study was to assess a training program for stress control for nursing staff workers of a hospital unit at a teaching hospital. To achieve the objective a descriptive and a quasi-experimental study were performed. The specific objectives were: 1) to survey the medical records regarding absenteeism due to mental disorders from 1995 to 2004; 2) to characterize the nursing workers temporarily suspended from the service; 3) to identify the hospital unit with most absenteeism events; 4) to evaluate the nursing workers temporarily suspended from the service; 5) to evaluate nursing workers stress, depression, and anxiety; and 6) to compare intra- and intergroup results. Descriptive Study Casuistics: Nursing workers who have an absenteeism recording in consequence of mental disorders from 1995 to 2004. Quasi-Experimental Study Casuistics: Twenty female nursing workers from the Hospital Surgery Department (HSD) were divided into two groups of ten (intervention and control). They were selected according to the survey performed at the HSD. Materials and Methods: The following instruments were used as tools: Form; Semi-structured Interview, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); Lipp's Adult Stress Symptoms Inventory (L-SSI); and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Descriptive Study Outcomes: two hundred and ninety four (294) nursing workers were temporarily suspended from the service due to mental disorders. Of these, 88.8% were female; married (43.2%); mean age 30 to 49 years; practical nurses (83.7%); 6 working hours per shift (30.3%), predominantly in the morning-shift (18.4%); and the surgical center was the hospital unit with greater occurrence (17.4%). Quasi-Experimental Study Outcomes: The study sample was predominantly composed of women; practical nurses (80%); married (60%); aged ranged from 31 to 41 years (50%); on morning-shift (70%); 6 working hours per shift (90%); and 1 to 5 years experience (40%). There was no significant difference in BDI score between pre- and post-program for both groups (intervention and control) (One-sided Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Rank test p=0.246 and p=0.052, respectively). In preprogram intergroup analysis, there was no significant difference (p=0.137), even though the mean of the points obtained is lower in the intervention group and there was no significant difference (p=0.013) in post-program. There was significant difference in BAI score between pre- and post-program for both groups (intervention and control; p=0.052 and p=0.410, respectively). In intergroup analysis there was also no significant difference as for preprogram (p=0.187) as for post-program (p=0.065). Regarding the stress level, six participants had stress in preprogram and four in post-program; in the control group, six had stress in preprogram and 7 in post-program. In the QSG, two factors showed statistical difference (stress factor and general health) in GI., while in the intergroup analyses, no factors showed a significant statistical difference between pre- and post-program. However, there was a decrease in all factors in the intervention group. The study allows us to conclude that the training program has helped to reduce the stress, to decrease several symptoms, and to develop more suitable strategies to deal with the problems. / Este estudo teve como propósito avaliar um programa de treino de controle de stress em trabalhadores da equipe de enfermagem de uma unidade hospitalar de um hospital escola. Para atingir este objetivo foram realizados dois estudos, um descritivo e um quase-experimental, cujos objetivos específicos foram: levantar os registros de afastamentos por transtornos mentais no período de 1995 a 2004; caracterizar os trabalhadores afastados; identificar a unidade de maior ocorrência de afastamentos; avaliar depressão, ansiedade, stress e saúde geral; comparar os resultados intra e intergrupo. Casuística do Estudo Descritivo: trabalhadores da equipe de enfermagem que tiveram registro de afastamento por transtornos mentais no período de 1995 a 2004. Casuística do Estudo Quase-Experimental: 20 trabalhadoras de enfermagem da Unidade Centro Cirúrgico (UCC), divididas em dois grupos (intervenção e controle) de 10. Foram selecionadas a partir do levantamento realizado na UCC. Casuística e Método: Formulário; Entrevista semi-estruturada; Inventário Beck de Depressão (BDI); Inventário Beck de Ansiedade (BAI); Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp (ISS-L) e Questionário de Saúde Geral (QSG). Resultados do Estudo Descritivo: foram identificados 294 episódios de afastamentos por transtornos mentais: 88,8% do sexo feminino, casada (43,2%), com idade entre 30 a 49 anos (80,0%) anos, auxiliares de enfermagem (83,7%), com jornada de trabalho de 6 horas diárias (30,3%) realizadas no período da manhã (18,4%) e a unidade de maior ocorrência foi o Centro Cirúrgico (17,4%). Resultados do Estudo Quase-Experimental: amostra composta por 100% de mulheres; auxiliares de enfermagem (80%), casadas (60%), com idade entre 31 a 40 (50%), do turno da manhã (70,0%), jornada de 6 horas (90%) e tempo de trabalho na enfermagem de 1 a 5 anos (40%). Não houve diferença significante no BDI entre o pré- e pós-programa para o GI (teste Wilcoxon matched pairs unicaudal - p=0,246) e para o GC (p=0,150). Na análise intergrupo pré-programa, não houve diferença significante (p=0, 137), embora a média dos pontos obtidos seja menor no GI e no pós-programa houve diferença significante (p=0,013). Não houve diferença significante no BAI entre o pré- e pós-programa para o GI (p=0,052) e para o GC (p=0,410). Na análise intergrupo também não houve diferença significante tanto no pré (p=0, 187) quanto no pós (p=0,065). Em relação ao nível de stress, no GI seis participantes tinham stress no pré- e quatro no pós-programa; no GC, tinham stress seis no pré- e sete no pós-programa. No QSG, dois fatores apresentaram diferença estatística (fator stress e saúde geral) no GI, enquanto nas análises intergrupos, pré- e pós-programa, não houve diferença estatística significante. No entanto, houve diminuição de sintomas no GI em todos os fatores. O estudo permite concluir que o programa auxiliou na redução do stress, na diminuição de vários sintomas e no desenvolvimento de estratégias mais adequadas de enfrentamento dos problemas.