Global ETD Search

451	The Performative History of Tomboys in Anglophone Literature Prior to Little Women Palmer, Kimber 22 June 2023 (has links) (PDF) This paper examines the expansive history of literary tomboys in the century preceding Louisa May Alcott's Little Women (1868). Applying concepts from gender performativity theory, it explores earlier and previously overlooked portrayals of tomboys (or, alternatively, "hoydens" or "romps"), especially in Richard Brinsley Sheridan's A Trip to Scarborough (1777), Isaac Bickerstaffe's The Romp; A Comic Opera in Two Acts (1786), Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey (1817), and E.D.E.N. Southworth's The Hidden Hand (1859). Because the tomboy phenomenon emphasizes that gender roles must be learned and can be resisted, tomboy characters are implicitly making a feminist point. As such, in the gap between Austen and Southworth, texts with minor and derogatory mentions of tomboys connect tomboyism with the prevailing anti-feminism of the early nineteenth century. By examining the developmental arc of tomboyism throughout literature and culture, this essay develops a greater understanding of how tomboyism fits within different historical periods and was a fully recognizable type in Britain and America decades before Alcott's Jo March supposedly normalized it in popular culture. tomboy gender performativity hoyden romp Richard Brinsley Sheridan A Trip to Scarborough Isaac Bickerstaffe The Romp; A Comic Opera in Two Acts Mary Wollstonecraft A Vindication of the Rights of Woman Jane Austen Northanger Abbey E.D.E.N. Southworth The Hidden Hand Louisa May Alcott Little Women literary history feminism Arts and Humanities
452	Bivariate Best First Searches to Process Category Based Queries in a Graph for Trip Planning Applications in Transportation Lu, Qifeng 22 April 2009 (has links) With the technological advancement in computer science, Geographic Information Science (GIScience), and transportation, more and more complex path finding queries including category based queries are proposed and studied across diverse disciplines. A category based query, such as Optimal Sequenced Routing (OSR) queries and Trip Planning Queries (TPQ), asks for a minimum-cost path that traverses a set of categories with or without a predefined order in a graph. Due to the extensive computing time required to process these complex queries in a large scale environment, efficient algorithms are highly desirable whenever processing time is a consideration. In Artificial Intelligence (AI), a best first search is an informed heuristic path finding algorithm that uses domain knowledge as heuristics to expedite the search process. Traditional best first searches are single-variate in terms of the number of variables to describe a state, and thus not appropriate to process these queries in a graph. In this dissertation, 1) two new types of category based queries, Category Sequence Traversal Query (CSTQ) and Optimal Sequence Traversal Query (OSTQ), are proposed; 2) the existing single-variate best first searches are extended to multivariate best first searches in terms of the state specified, and a class of new concepts--state graph, sub state graph, sub state graph space, local heuristic, local admissibility, local consistency, global heuristic, global admissibility, and global consistency--is introduced into best first searches; 3) two bivariate best first search algorithms, C* and O, are developed to process CSTQ and OSTQ in a graph, respectively; 4) for each of C and O, theorems on optimality and optimal efficiency in a sub state graph space are developed and identified; 5) a family of algorithms including C-P, C-Dijkstra, O-MST, O-SCDMST, O- Dijkstra, and O-Greedy is identified, and case studies are performed on path finding in transportation networks, and/or fully connected graphs, either directed or undirected; and 6) O- SCDMST is adopted to efficiently retrieve optimal solutions for OSTQ using network distance metric in a large transportation network. / Ph. D. state graph space O-MST Geographic Information Science C- Dijkstra O-Greedy O-Dijkstra O-SCDMST trip planning category based queries O* Geographic Information System admissible L# transportation network logistics multivariate Bivariate best first search CSTQ C* consistent path heuristic optimization state graph graph OSTQ C*-P
453	A Wide-Area Perspective on Power System Operation and Dynamics Gardner, Robert Matthew 23 April 2008 (has links) Classically, wide-area synchronized power system monitoring has been an expensive task requiring significant investment in utility communications infrastructures for the service of relatively few costly sensors. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the viability of power system monitoring from very low voltage levels (120 V). Challenging the accepted norms in power system monitoring, the document will present the use of inexpensive GPS time synchronized sensors in mass numbers at the distribution level. In the past, such low level monitoring has been overlooked due to a perceived imbalance between the required investment and the usefulness of the resulting deluge of information. However, distribution level monitoring offers several advantages over bulk transmission system monitoring. First, practically everyone with access to electricity also has a measurement port into the electric power system. Second, internet access and GPS availability have become pedestrian commodities providing a communications and synchronization infrastructure for the transmission of low-voltage measurements. Third, these ubiquitous measurement points exist in an interconnected fashion irrespective of utility boundaries. This work offers insight into which parameters are meaningful to monitor at the distribution level and provides applications that add unprecedented value to the data extracted from this level. System models comprising the entire Eastern Interconnection are exploited in conjunction with a bounty of distribution level measurement data for the development of wide-area disturbance detection, classification, analysis, and location routines. The main contributions of this work are fivefold: the introduction of a novel power system disturbance detection algorithm; the development of a power system oscillation damping analysis methodology; the development of several parametric and non-parametric power system disturbance location methods, new methods of power system phenomena visualization, and the proposal and mapping of an online power system event reporting scheme. / Ph. D. TDOA FNET FDR GPS Wide-Area monitoring wide-area measurements power system event power system load shedding generation trip eastern interconnection wams ems nerc ercot wecc parzen window interconnection islanding PMU half-plane method least squares event trigger generation-load mismatch electromechanical wave wave propagation time delay of arrival oscillation trigger modal analysis electric grid transmission network transmission system hypocenter frequency matrix pencil mahalanobis distance
454	Aktuální problémy uplatňování pracovního práva v základních školách zřizovaných obcemi v České republice se zaměřením na realizace pracovních cest / Recent problems of working law in practise at schools, which are provided by city concils in Czech Republic in fokus on realization of business trips. Thumsová, Martina January 2013 (has links) This work deals with issues of business trips in primary schools that are provided by municipality in relation to the law No. 365/2011 Sb., that changes law No. 262/2006 Sb., Labour code, as amended and other related laws valid since January 1st 2012 that says empoyees cannot give up on their rights in advance. Based on assumption that travel expenses that must have been paid to employees in full are huge burden on school budgets. All the travelling with pupils becomes very expensive. According to connection between theory and practical use, all activities cannot be provided only at school and it's necessary that teachers travel with children to learn away from school. This work summaries the rules for reimbursement of travel expenses and reflects the views of headmasters at issues of business trips in primary schools. Keywords: Business trip, working hours, time for relax, night shifts, be ready to work on call, weekend working, working during holiday, working overtime, travel espenses, meals, driving refunds, accommodation expenses, necessary side expenses, budget, financial sources

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