The master’s thesis designs and checks the reinforced concrete tanks of sewage plant. Part of this thesis are also drawings. Tanks are designed as a watertight underground structure with aspect on standards and watertight function. Foundation slab and concrete walls were designed according to ultimate and serviceability limit states. The thesis includes design of reinforcement according to non-force effects in early stage. The structure is checked also to loss of equilibrium of a structure due to uplift by vertical actions from water pressure.

The work presented in this thesis comprises the assessment of existing arch bridges with overlying backfill. The main objective is to estimate the load carrying capacity in ultimate limit state analysis. A case study of the old Årsta railway bridge is presented, serving as both the initiation and a direct application of the present research. The demand from the bridge owner is to extend the service life of the bridge by 50 years and increase the allowable axle load from 22.5 to 25 metric tonnes. The performed analyses show a great scatter in estimated load carrying capacity, depending on a large number of parameters. One of the factors of main impact is the backfill material, which may result a significant increase in load carrying capacity due to the interaction with the arch barrel. Based on theoretical analyses, extensive conditional assessments and the demand from the bridge owner, it was decided that the bridge needed to be strengthened. The author, in close collaboration with both the bridge owner and the persons performing the conditional assessment, performed the development of a suitable strengthening. The analyses showed a pronounced three-dimensional behaviour, calling for a design using non-linear finite element methods. Due to demands on full operability during strengthening, a scheme was developed to attenuate any decrease in load carrying capacity. The strengthening was accepted by the bridge owner and is currently under construction. It is planned to be finalised in 2012. The application of field measurements to determine the structural manner of action under serviceability loads are presented and have shown to be successful. Measured strain of the arch barrel due to passing train has been performed, both before, during and after strengthening. The results serve as input for model calibration and verification of the developed strengthening methods. The interaction of the backfill was not readily verified on the studied bridge and the strengthening was based on the assumption that both the backfill and the spandrel walls contributed as dead weight only. The finite element models are benchmarked using available experimental results in the literature, comprising masonry arch bridges with backfill loaded until failure. Good agreement is generally found if accounting for full interaction with the backfill. Similarly, accounting for the backfill as dead weight only, often results in a decrease in load carrying capacity by a factor 2 to 3. Still, several factors show a high impact on the estimated load carrying capacity, of which many are difficult to accurately assess. This suggests a conservative approach, although partial interaction of the backfill may still increase the load carrying capacity significantly. / Arbetet i föreliggande avhandling omfattar analyser av befintliga bågbroar med ovanliggande fyllning. Huvudsyftet är att uppskatta bärförmågan i brottgränstillstånd. En fallstudie av gamla Årstabron redovisas, vilken utgör både initieringen och en direkt tillämpning av föreliggande forskning. Kravet från broförvaltaren är att öka brons livslängd med 50 år, samtidigt som axellasten ska ökas från nuvarande 22.5 ton till 25 ton. Utförda analyser visar på stor spridning i uppskattad bärförmåga, beroende på ett stort antal parametrar. En av de främsta faktorerna är fyllningens egenskaper, vilken kan resultera i en markant ökning av bärförmågan p.g.a. samverkan med bågen. Baserat på teoretiska analyser, tillståndsbedömningar och krav från broförvaltaren beslutades att bron skulle förstärkas. En förstärkningsmetod har utvecklats i nära samarbete med broförvaltaren och personer som tidigare utfört tillståndsbedömningarna. Analyserna visar ett utpräglat tredimensionellt beteende, vilket har föranlett användandet av icke-linjära finita elementmetoder. Krav på full trafik under samtliga förstärkningsarbeten har resulterat i att dessa utförs enligt en föreskriven ordning, som ska reducera minskning i bär­förmåga under samtliga etapper. Förstärkningsförslaget godkändes av Banverket och är för närvarande under byggnation. Enligt plan ska dessa slutföras under 2012. Fältmätningar har använts för att bestämma det statiska verkningssättet under brukslaster, vilket visas ge goda resultat. Resulterande töjningar från passerande tåg har uppmäts i bågen, både före, under och efter förstärkning. Resultaten har använts både för att kalibrera beräkningsmodeller och att verifiera utförda förstärkningar. Samverkan mellan båge och fyllning har inte kunnat verifierats för den aktuella bron och de utvecklade förstärkningarna baseras på en modell där både fyllning och sidomurar endast utgör yttre verkande last. De framtagna finita element modellerna har jämförts med experimentella resultat från litteraturen, omfattande tegelvalvsbroar med ovan­liggande fyllning belastade till brott. Generellt erhålls god överensstämmelse om full samverkan mellan båge och fyllning antas. Om fyllningen istället endast betraktas som yttre last, minskar lastkapaciteten ofta med en faktor 2 till 3. Fortfarande uppvisar ett antal faktorer stor inverkan på bärförmågan, vilka ofta är svåra att med säkerhet bestämma. Ett konservativt betraktningssätt rekommenderas, även om delvis sam­verkan med fyllningen fortfarande kan öka bärförmågan avsevärt. / QC 20110426

The aim of the master‘s thesis is static and structural design of polyfunctional house. The load will be determined according to ČSN EN 1990. The finite element method will be used for the calculation of internal forces. The design will be dimensioned according to ČSN EN 1992. Text part, static calculation and shape and reinforcement drawings will form the output of this work.

The subject of the diploma thesis is the bridging design of the valley and Doľanský potok on the D1 motorway in the section Jánovce - Jablonov in Slovakia. Three variants of bridging have been designed and then compared. A post-tensioned construction of the box girder cross section was chosen as the most suitable variant, which was further checked. The static calculation was drawn up according to European standards.

Subject of this diploma thesis is to design structural system of multifunctional building in Brno. This apartment building has 4 storey. Main load-bearing elements are concrete ceilings, columns and beams in first and second storey. In third and fourth storey are main load-bearing elements masonry and concrete ceilings with beams. Also there is prestressed beam in first storey. The structure was assessed for ultimate and serviceability limit state acording to standarts and regulation. Drawings and drawings of construction are part of the diploma thesis.

The diploma thesis deals with the design of the motorway bridge over the II / 464 road between Butovice-Bílovec. For the bridging design four variants were made, from which a variant of the slab with longitudinal extensions was selected for further processing. The design assessment was performed for the ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state according to valid standards. Determination of internal forces was performed on the model developed in Scia Engineer 18.0.

The topic of this thesis is detailed design of the supporting structure of a bridge. The final design is chosen out of three variants. It is a single beam structure consisting of 6 spans. The supporting structure is prestressed concrete with post-tensioning technology, the impact of phased construction is considered. the subject of the expertise of the structure is ultimate limit state, as well as service limit state, designed according to the code. The thesis also contains drawings, visualization and Engineering Report of the structure.

Diploma thesis is focused on a design of the road bridge of the category S7,5 in cadastral territory of a municipality Polanka nad Odrou. Three preliminary studies have been proposed. Box girder beam with a slant walls were selected for more detailed processing. Construction of the bridge is going to be build by time-dependent analysis on a solid formwork. The calculation of load is done by using computer software Midas Civil 19 v 2.1. and Scia Engineer 19.1. Selected preliminary was assessed according to the recent Europan standards.

The topic o thlis thesis is design of the structure of a bridge. The beam structure is chosen from three variants of the solution, the structure is formed by a bracket above the pillars and prepared prestressed beams. Various construction procedures have been verified and assessed for the serviceability and load-bearing limit states according to the applicable standards and regulations. Drawing documentation and static calculation are processed.

Diploma thesis deals with reconstruction of old beam bridge in town Ledeč nad Sázavou. Three variants of reconsttruction were done. Detailed structural design report was done to one of them, streithening with post-tensioning. Calculation of load effect was solved with finite elemet method via software on grillage model. Construction was checked on ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state. Necessary drawings were elaborated to chosen method.