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Ethics of Argument in Perelman and GadamerMajor, Julia 06 September 2017 (has links)
This study investigates ethical argumentation in Perelman and
Gadamer to claim that the central theoretical framework in each
philosophy simultaneously inflects and deflects available avenues of
persuasion. I argue in each system there is a “confused notion” whose
ambiguity underpins the available methods of rhetorical argument.
For Perelman, the confused notion of the universal audience and its
relationship to epideictic rhetoric determines the form of ethical
persuasion that requires consensus in order to incite action for justice.
For Gadamer, the confused notion of Vorurteil (prejudice, or fore-
judgment) is used to critique tradition, Enlightenment reason, and
historical hermeneutics. This mode of ethical argument suggests that
open dialogue with an other is the best means for addressing prejudice in
order to reach mutual understanding.
I argue that by placing these two approaches to ethical argument into
critical dialogue, their respective capacities, limitations, and distinctive
rhetorical outcomes can be more clearly apprehended. / 10000-01-01
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ARGUMENTO, ARGUMENTAÇÃO E AUDITÓRIO UNIVERSAL: A NOVA RETÓRICA DE PERELMAN / ARGUMENT, ARGUMENTATION AND UNIVERSAL AUDIENCE: THE NEW RHETORIC OF PERELMANLazarotto, Claudia Candida 19 August 2009 (has links)
This dissertation presents the bases on which Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca settled their Traité de l'argumentation: la nouvelle rhétorique [The new rhetoric: a treatise on argumentation], in the restructuring context of creating concepts and rhetoric of universal audience and the spirit of community , leading to the construction of an idealized community of communication where all subjects are perceived with the same capacity for understanding and communication. Speaker and audience in this community recognize the rationality of their discussions and arguments based on agreements based on the system of beliefs, accepting the arguments of plausible, of likelihood, of probable, assuming the free
argumentative rather than coercive argument. In this case, speaker and audience engage in a context of mutual construction training in the auditorium of what is universal and the community of spirits that Perelman s theory act as a legitimate institution of the actions of
speech that occur between speaker and audience. / Este trabalho apresenta as bases em que Chaïm Perelman e Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca fundamentam o Traité de l'argumentation: la nouvelle rhétorique (Tratado da Argumentação: a nova retórica), no contexto de reestruturação da retórica criando conceitos como auditório
universal e comunidade dos espíritos , levando à construção de uma comunidade idealizada de comunicação onde todos os sujeitos são percebidos com as mesmas capacidades de
entendimento e de comunicação. Nessa comunidade orador e integrantes do auditório admitem a racionalidade das discussões e fundamentam sua argumentação sobre acordos
baseados no sistema de crenças, admitindo a argumentação do plausível, da verossimilhança, do provável e da liberdade argumentativa em detrimento da argumentação coerciva. Nesse sentido, orador e membros do auditório se envolvem em um contexto de mútua construção na formação do que é o auditório universal e da própria comunidade dos espíritos que na teoria de Perelman passa a agir como a instituição legitimadora das ações de fala que se dão entre orador e auditório.
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