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Roles of prostaglandin E2 receptors and chloride channels in epoxyeicosatrienoic acids-induced relaxation in rat mesentericarteriesYang, Cui, 杨淬 January 2010 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Pharmacology and Pharmacy / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
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Effects of linoleic and palmitic acid rich diets on GLUT-4 protein content in red vastus muscle of the mouseRusso, Joseph F. January 1992 (has links)
Dietary fats have been proposed to alter the amount of glucose transporters in various tissues. This study examined how diets containing linoleic or palmitic fatty acids affected the amount of the major insulin-responsive glucose transporter protein, GLUT-4, in red vastus muscle of mice. At 8 weeks of age, 28 healthy female mice were separated into 3 dietary groups, one control group (5% corn oil fat) and two high fat (15% fat) groups. One of the high fat diets was a linoleic acid rich diet (76% linoleic polyunsaturated fat), while the other was a palmitic acid rich diet (95% palmitic saturated fat). The mice remained on their respective diets for 12-13 weeks until sacrifice. Red vastus muscle samples were removed and prepared for GLUT-4 protein analysis. Homogenized red vastus muscle samples were separated by SDSPAGE, transfered to membrane paper, and immunoblotted. scanning densitometry determined the relative quantity of GLUT-4 from each sample. TAP GLUT-4 protein in the group fed the linoleic acid rich diet was 9% higher than the group fed the low fat diet, and 37% higher than the group fed the palmitic acid rich diet. These data suggest that a prolonged high fat diet consisting of linoleic or palmitic fatty acids play a role in the regulation of GLUT-4 protein content. / School of Physical Education
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Regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by polyunsaturated fatty acids in cultured rat hepatocytesStabile, Laura P. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 125 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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The omega-3 fatty acid content of krill protein concentrate influences bioavailability, tissue deposition, peroxidation, and metabolism in young ratsBridges, Kayla Marie. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 42 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-35).
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Marine oils : stabilization, structural characterization and omega-3 fatty acid concentration /Wanasundara, Udaya Nayanakantha, January 1996 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1997. / Restricted until December 2000. Bibliography: leaves [252]-282.
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Mechanism by which dietary polyunsaturated fat regulates lipogenic gene expressionKohan, Alison Bloom. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 141 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Differential effects of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cell biology and osteoprotegerin synthesis in osteoblast-like cellsCoetzee, Magdalena. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (PhD.(Physiology)--Faculty of Health Sciences)-University of Pretoria, 2005. / Summary in English and Afrikaans. Also available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.
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Sistema microemulsionado contendo óleo de pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm) para uso tópico anti-inflamatórioAlvares, Gisele Lins Monteiro 18 March 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Pequi is a fruit from an angiosperm popularly known as pequizeiro (Caryocar coriaceum W.), found in the Brazilian cerrado and semi-arid biomes. The oil obtained from the pulp, has unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, minerals and vitamins, being widely used in popular medicine. It’s incorporation in microemulsion systems (MES) can allow major therapeutic effectiveness by the drug delivery system ability to interact with the stratum corneum of the skin. In search for an innovative and efficient topical anti-inflammatory therapy, the objective of this work was the development and characterization of a ME containing pequi pulp oil. In face of that, the oil was extracted, chemically described and had its Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) determined. Thereupon, a Pseudoternary Phase Diagram (PTPD) was developed for the obtainment of transparent systems. Among these, a system was selected and characterized in the aspects of pH, conductivity, refractive index, viscosity, droplet size, zeta potential, morphology, thermal properties and preliminary physical stability. Finally, preliminary anti - inflammatory activity in rat paw edema model using carrageenan was verified and a histological study was made. The results pointed the presence of the majority oleic and palmitic UFA, while the oil HLB was determined in between 10,5 - 11,75. The PTPD was obtained by the use of Kollyphor EL® e Brij 52 ® , pequi oil and aqueous phase (water and propyleneglycol - 1:3), being selected a system composed by 47,6% of the tensoactives mixture, 5,3% of pequi oil and 47,1% of aqueous phase. Macroscopically, the system demonstrated homogeneous and transparent aspect. The pH value obtained (7,33 ±0,04) was adequate for topical application, while the refractive index and polarized light microscopy revealed an isotropic formulation. Rheological studies indicated Newtonian flow, whereas the medium droplet size was 13,38 nm with unimodal distribution and dispersity 0,17, characteristics which, added to the zeta potential measure of │7,53 δmV│, are indications of a stable ME. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed droplet groups of oil covered by tensoactives. The electrical conductivity was relatively low (15,087±0,1893 μS cm ), justified by the major propyleneglycol presence in the aqueous phase. These findings indicate a ME behavior of bicontinuous transition phase system to W/O, confirmed by DSC. The formulation remained stable in previous stability studies realized. Furthermore, during the in vivo study, the group treated with the ME containing 5,3% of pequi oil presented superior edema inhibition (p<0,05) during the first two hours while compared to the other groups, besides maintaining superior activity than the brute oil during the whole study . The histological analysis corroborates this result, since the group treated with the ME revealed reduced histopathological findings. Therefore, the developed nanosystem demonstrated to be stable, with desirable aspects for topical usage and with high anti-inflammatory action, being a promising nanotechnological phytotherapic and an alternative to the usual treatments for cutaneous inflammations. / O pequi é fruto da angiosperma popularmente conhecida como pequizeiro (Caryocar coriaceum W.), encontrado no cerrado e semiárido brasileiro. O óleo obtido da polpa possui ácidos graxos insaturados (AGI), com potenciais propriedades antioxidantes e anti - inflamatórias, sais minerais e vitaminas, amplamente utilizado na medicina popular. Sua incorporação em sistemas microemulsionados (ME) pode permitir maior eficácia terapêutica pela habilidade do nanocarreador em interagir com o extrato córneo da pele. Buscando uma terapia anti-inflamatória tópica inovadora e eficaz, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento e a caracterização de ME contendo óleo da polpa do pequi. Diante do exposto, o óleo foi extraído, caracterizado quimicamente e teve seu Equilíbrio Hidrófilo Lipófilo (EHL) determinado. Em seguida, foi desenvolvido um Diagrama de Fases Pseudoternário (DFPT) para obtenção de sistemas transparentes. Dentre estes, um sistema foi selecionado, caracterizado em aspectos de pH, condutividade, índice de refração, viscosidade, tamanho de gotículas, potencial zeta, morfologia e propriedades térmicas, além de estabilidade física preliminar. Por fim, foi verificada a atividade anti-inflamatória preliminar em modelo animal de edema de pata com carragenina e realizado estudo histológico. Os resultados apontaram a presença dos AGI majoritários oléico e palmítico enquanto o EHL do óleo foi estabelecido na faixa 10,5 - 11,75. O DFPT foi obtido utilizando os tensoativos Kollyphor EL® e Brij 52 ®, óleo de pequi e fase aquosa (água e propilenoglicol - 1:3), sendo selecionado o sistema composto por 47,6% da mistura de tensoativos, 5,3% do óleo de pequi e 47,1% da fase aquosa. Macroscopicamente, o sistema apresentou-se homogêneo e transparente. O valor de pH obtido (7,33±0,04) é adequado para aplicação tópica. O índice de refração e a microscopia de luz polarizada revelaram formulação isotrópica. Estudo reológico indicou fluxo newtoniano, enquanto o tamanho médio das gotículas foi 13,38 nm com distribuição unimodal e dispersidade 0,17, características que somadas à medida de potencial zeta de │7,53 δmV│ são indicativos de ME estável. A técnica de microscopia de eletrônica de transmissão revelou grupos de gotículas de óleo revestidas por tensoativos. A condutividade elétrica foi relativamente baixa (15,087±0,1893 μS cm ), justificada pela maior presença do propilenoglicol na fase aquosa. Estes achados indicam comportamento de ME em transição de fase bicontínua para O/A, confirmado por meio de DSC. A formulação manteve-se estável nos estudos de estabilidade preliminar realizados. Ademais, durante o estudo in vivo, o grupo tratado com a ® ® utilizando os tensoativos Kollyphor EL pequi e fase aquosa (água e -¹ ME contendo 5,3% do óleo de pequi apresentou superior inibição do edema (p<0,05) durante as duas primeiras horas quando comparada com os demais grupos, além de manter atividade superior ao óleo bruto durante todo estudo. A análise histológica corrobora estes resultados, visto que o grupo tratado com a ME revelou achados histopatológicos bastante reduzidos. Portanto, o nanossistema desenvolvido apresentou-se estável, com aspectos desejáveis para uso tópico e acentuada ação anti-inflamatória, sendo um promissor fitoterápico nanotecnológico, alternativo aos tratamentos usuais de inflamações cutâneas.
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Efeito do grupo racial e do mÃtodo de metilaÃÃo sobre o perfil de Ãcidos graxos da carne caprina do nordeste brasileiro / Effect of racial group and method methylation on fatty acid profile of meat goats of northeast BrazilAdriany das GraÃas Nascimento Amorim 31 August 2005 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no LaboratÃrio de Carnes do Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos e no LaboratÃrio de Cromatografia do Departamento de QuÃmica AnalÃtica e FÃsico-QuÃmica da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. Esse trabalho objetivou comparar a composiÃÃo de Ãcidos graxos da carne caprina proveniente de animais de dois cruzamentos entre os grupos raciais BÃer x SRD e Anglo Nubiana x SRD caracterÃsticos do nordeste brasileiro, utilizando-se a metilaÃÃo por hidrÃlise Ãcida ou alcalina para a preparaÃÃo das amostras. No experimento foram utilizados 4 tratamentos com 4 repetiÃÃes, onde os fatores analisados foram dois cruzamentos (BÃer x SRD e Anglo Nubiana x SRD) e duas metodologias de obtenÃÃo dos Ãsteres metÃlicos dos Ãcidos graxos (hidrÃlise Ãcida e alcalina). A anÃlise estatÃstica dos dados utilizou o procedimento GLM (SAS Institute, 2000) para um modelo fatorial e a diferenÃa entre as mÃdias foi verificada pelo teste t. Os resultados mostraram que hà diferenÃa significativa (P<0,05) entre os cruzamentos raciais na composiÃÃo dos Ãcidos graxos do mÃsculo de animais caprinos; sendo que a principal diferenÃa està na composiÃÃo dos Ãcidos graxos saturados C8:0, C10:0, C12:0 e C14:0 no cruzamento Anglo Nubiana x SRD o qual apresentou um maior percentual dos mesmos. Por outro lado, a anÃlise do efeito da metilaÃÃo por hidrÃlise Ãcida e alcalina nÃo apresentou diferenÃa (P<0,05) significativa entre as mÃdias percentuais para a maioria dos Ãcidos graxos exceto para o Ãcido trans-9-elaÃdico C18:1t9 em que a reduÃÃo do seu percentual foi afetada pela hidrÃlise alcalina. O tipo genÃtico analisado afeta, consideravelmente, a composiÃÃo dos Ãcidos graxos dos animais caprinos estudados, influenciando na qualidade da carne. Dessa forma, o cruzamento Anglo Nubiana x SRD devido aos efeitos negativos que os Ãcidos graxos saturados proporcionam à saÃde humana produz carne de qualidade inferior a do cruzamento BÃer x SRD. O tipo de hidrÃlise usado para metilar os Ãcidos graxos, no entanto, nÃo afetou a composiÃÃo da maioria dos Ãcidos graxos das carnes estudadas, sendo que a hidrÃlise alcalina pode reduzir o percentual dos Ãcidos graxos monoinsaturados da sÃrie C18 de configuraÃÃo trans analisados por cromatografia de gÃs. / This research was conducted at the Meat Laboratory, Department of Food Technology and at the Chromatography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Federal University of CearÃ. The objective of the study was to compare the fatty acid composition on meat from two breeds of goats from northeast Brazil (BÃer x SRD and Anglo Nubiana x SRD) analyzed by gas chromatography after two procedures (acid and alkaline hydrolysis) to prepare methyl ester derivatives. The experimental design consisted of 4 treatments including two breeds and two types of hydrolysis. Data were analyzed by the GLM procedure (SAS Institute, 2000) and the means were compared by the t-test. Results showed significant (p<0.05) differences in fatty acid composition between breeds. Main differences were detected for the saturated fatty acids C8:0, C10:0, C12:0 and C13:0 which were higher in the Anglo Nubiana x SRD meat related to the BÃer x SRD meat. Hydrolysis procedure, on the other hand, showed no significant (p<0.05) effect for most of the fatty acids except for C18:1t9 which was lower when the derivatization procedure included alkaline hydrolysis. The breed of the animals, therefore, affects the relative composition of fatty acids of the meat. It can be concluded that Anglo Nubiana x SRD goats from northeast Brazil produce meat of better quality than that from BÃer x SRD goats related to fatty acid composition. Alkaline hydrolysis does not affect the yield of most of the fatty acids but it can reduce the yield of the monounsaturated fatty acids of the trans C18 series when analyzed by gas chromatography.
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Perfil de Ãcidos graxos no longissimus dorsi de ovinos Santa InÃs em crescimento alimentados com diferentes nÃveis de energia / Total lipids, cholesterol and fatty acid profile of lamb meat in Santa Ines fed different levels of energyPaulo Cesar Lopes de Arruda 16 July 2010 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a influÃncia de raÃÃes com diferentes nÃveis de energia metabolizÃvel sobre o teor de totais, colesterol e perfil de Ãcidos graxos no mÃsculo longissimus dorsi de cordeiros Santa InÃs. Foram utilizados 20 cordeiros, com idade e peso de 50 dias e 13,0 kg  0,56 kg, respectivamente, alimentados com raÃÃes contendo diferentes nÃveis energÃticos: 2,08; 2,28; 2,47 e 2,69 Mcal/kgMS. As raÃÃes influenciaram os teores de totais, colesterol total e o perfil do Ãcido graxo cis 10-, heptadecanÃico e eicosanotrienÃico (P<0,05). As relaÃÃes Ãcidos graxos poliinsaturados (AGPI): Ãcidos graxos saturados (AGS); AGPI: Ãcidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGM); AGM: AGS; Ãcidos graxos desejÃveis, -6:-3, Ãndice de aterogenicidade, Ãndice de trombogenicidade, relaÃÃo entre os Ãcidos graxos hipercolesterolÃmicos e hipocolesterolÃmicos e a relaÃÃo (C18:0 + C18:1) : C16:0 nÃo foram influenciadas pelos nÃveis energÃtico (P>0,05). A manipulaÃÃo dietÃtica influencia o perfil lipÃdico no longissimus dorsi de cordeiros Santa InÃs. / This study evaluated the influence of rations with different levels of metabolizable energy on the content of total lipids, cholesterol and fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi of Santa Ines lambs. Twenty Santa Ines lambs were used, with age and body weight of 50 days and 13.0 kg  0.56 kg, respectively, fed rations with different energy levels: 2.08; 2.28; 2.47 e 2.69 Mcal/kgDM. The rations influenced the content of total lipids, cholesterol and fatty acid profile of cis 10 -, heptadecanoic and eicosanotrienoic (P<0.05). The relations polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): saturated fatty acids (SFA); PUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids (MUA), MUA: SFA, desirable fatty acids, -6: -3, atherogenicity index, thrombogenicity index, relation between hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids and the relation (C18:0+C18:1):C16:0 were not affected by energy levels (P> 0.05). The dietary manipulation influences the lipid
profile in longissimus dorsi of Santa Ines lambs.
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