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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Avaliação da expressão e localização da conexina 43 na injúria isquêmica renal aguda / Evaluation of connexin 43 expression and localization in renal acute ischemic injury

MIRANDA, ADRIANA R. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:33:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
32

Avaliação da expressão e localização da conexina 43 na injúria isquêmica renal aguda / Evaluation of connexin 43 expression and localization in renal acute ischemic injury

MIRANDA, ADRIANA R. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:33:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / As células necessitam do contato com outras células e com a matriz extracelular, para a formação de tecidos. As junções gap são estreitos canais que conectam o citoplasma de células adjacentes, promovendo a passagem de íons orgânicos, aminoácidos, nucleotídeos e outros metabólitos. Estas junções são compostas por dois conexons ou hemicanais, que atravessam a membrana plasmática da célula a que pertencem, e são compostos por seis proteínas integrais de membrana denominadas conexinas (Cxs). A Cx43 é a mais expressa, e é fosforilada ao longo do ciclo de vida, sofrendo mudanças conformacionais, resultando em diferentes isoformas (P0, P1 e P2), apresentando propriedades distintas. A Cx43 apresenta-se distribuída em todo o rim adulto. A injúria renal aguda (IRA) é uma síndrome metabólica em que ocorre redução aguda da função renal e rápida diminuição da taxa de filtração glomerular, sendo hipóxia decorrente da isquemia sua causa principal. A restrição de oxigênio e nutrientes, e o acúmulo de metabólitos, resultam na injúria das células epiteliais tubulares. A depleção dos níveis de ATP, aumento nos níveis de cálcio intracelular, alterações na membrana e deformações no citoesqueleto caracterizam esta injúria. A reoxigenação tecidual atua como agressão adicional devido à liberação de radicais livres. Estudos sugerem que a ativação de hemicanais de Cx43, resultante da desfosforilação da proteína, durante depleção de ATP, esteja envolvida na IRA. Este trabalho verificou o envolvimento da Cx43 em modelo murino desta injúria, ocasionada por isquemia/reperfusão. Foram utilizados camundongos machos da linhagem C57BL/6J. A isquemia foi induzida por clampeamento das artérias renais por 45 minutos. A reperfusão ocorreu durante 24 horas após cirurgia. Foram utilizados 6 animais por grupo (isquêmicos, reperfundidos e controle). Após sacrifício, fragmentos dos rins foram submetidos a ensaios de western blot, PCR em tempo real, imuno-histoquímica e imunofluorescência. O modelo experimental foi validado através da dosagem de uréia e creatinina plasmática. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pela análise de variância (ANOVA), seguido do teste de Bonferroni. Observou-se aumento significativo dos níveis de uréia e creatinina nos animais isquêmicos e reperfundidos, em relação ao controle. A expressão gênica apresentou aumento significativo apenas nos rins de camundongos reperfundidos (1,9 vezes; P<0,01 vs controle). No western blot verificou-se aumento na quantidade da isoforma hiperfosforilada da Cx43 (P2) em rins isquêmicos (2,73 vezes; P<0,05 vs controle), com diminuição significativa nos reperfundidos (2,37 vezes; P<0,05 vs isquêmico). Nas isoformas menos fosforiladas (P1/P0), observou-se aumento nos rins isquêmicos (2,33 vezes; P<0,05 vs controle), com diminuição nos reperfundidos (10 vezes; P<0,01 vs isquêmico). Nos ensaios imuno-histológicos verificou-se diferentes localizações da Cx43 nas células epiteliais de túbulos corticais nos grupos comparados. Nos controles verificou-se distribuição difusa, e nos isquêmicos observou-se intensa marcação em superfície celular apical. Nos rins reperfundidos, a distribuição da Cx43 foi basolateral. As alterações observadas na expressão gênica, fosforilação protéica e distribuição da Cx43 nos rins foram semelhantes às mudanças observadas na isquemia cardíaca. Este estudo mostrou pela primeira vez a regulação da Cx43 em níveis transcricionais e pós-traducionais, e sua localização celular na IRA ocasionada por isquemia/reperfusão, indicando sua participação neste processo. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
33

The mechanisms and consequences of haemodialysis induced acute cardiac injury

Burton, James O. January 2009 (has links)
Patients on dialysis are subject to a hugely elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality. Incidence and prevalence of, and mortality and morbidity from heart failure is significantly higher in the haemodialysis population than the general population as a whole. This thesis describes research work focusing on the large scale haemodynamic changes that occur during haemodialysis and how they may negatively impact on the cardiovascular system. Our results show that the haemodynamic disturbances which occur during haemodialysis are capable of causing a reduction in myocardial blood flow sufficient in magnitude to induce myocardial ischaemia. This is associated with a matched reduction in regional left ventricular (LV) function and is entirely in keeping with other published work describing haemodialysis induced myocardial stunning reflecting subclinical myocardial ischaemia (myocardial stunning). In addition, we now know that this phenomenon of haemodialysis induced myocardial ischaemia and stunning is common and associated with both short and long term complications including ventricular arrhythmias, left ventricular dysfunction, an increased hazard of death and time to first cardiovascular event. This is pertinent as in non-dialysis patients repeated episodes of myocardial stunning lead to chronic heart failure, and in dialysis patients the presence of LV dysfunction dramatically increases the risk of death. We also identified a number of factors associated with the presence of myocardial stunning including age, raised biochemical markers of cardiac damage (troponin-T), higher ultrafiltration volumes and lower intradialytic blood pressure. This is of crucial importance as ultrafiltration volumes and intradialytic haemodynamics are potentially modifiable risk factors that could provide targets for dialysis based interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in the haemodialysis population.
34

Using psychological theory to explore thoughts, feelings and behaviour in the context of urological cancer

Cruickshank, Moira A. January 2011 (has links)
Psychology uses theory supported by empirical evidence to accumulate generalisable knowledge and learn from various contexts. Two commonly used theories are the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Common-Sense Self Regulation Model (CS-SRM). Possible limitations in previous studies using these theories have been identified: (1) TPB studies focus upon one specified behaviour and ignore behavioural alternatives; (2) the CS-SRM is routinely not fully operationalised. This research aimed to develop an ‘extended TPB’ assessing ‘intention choice’ (where participants report their intended course of action regarding one or more specified behavioural alternatives) and to operationalise the CS-SRM more fully than is usually reported. The context was people with urological cancer. Methods: Three studies were conducted: (1) CS-SRM-based longitudinal study of people with urological cancer (n=172) to predict anxiety and depression; (2) Extended-TPB-based prospective study of men with localised prostate cancer (n=35) using both between- and within-person approaches to explore intention choice with respect to treatment; (3) Extended-TPB-based before-after study of medical students (n=93) to evaluate the effects of teaching on simulated communication behaviour. Results: (1) Anxiety and depression at Time 2 were predicted by number of information sources reported at Time 1 after controlling for baseline anxiety and depression; (2) TPB constructs were consistent with intention choice and intention choice was consistent with actual treatment. Within-persons, the model could not identify men who later reported poor outcomes; (3) All TPB-related cognitions changed between Time 1 and Time 2 but simulated behaviour scores did not change. Discussion: Relationships between the TPB constructs both between- and within-persons were consistent with actual treatment. The extended TPB measures were sensitive to change when behavioural alternatives were assessed. The CS-SRM was operationalised beyond illness representations. Conclusions: It was feasible to apply both the extended TPB (between- and within-persons) and CS-SRM in this context.
35

Examining the relationship between maternal stressful life events and urogenital infection in preterm birth using a biobehavioral model

Anderson, Joy Lavonne 2008 August 1900 (has links)
This dissertation examined the relationship between maternal stressful life events and urogenital infection in preterm birth. A systematic literature review revealed ambivalent findings concerning the relationship between maternal stress and infection during pregnancy; the effects of this relationship on pregnancy outcome were not examined in the reviewed studies. The current study employed a biobehavioral model consisting of maternal stressful life events (illness among family members, divorced, moved, became homeless, partner lost job, mom lost job, argued with partner more than usual, partner did not want the child, inability to pay bills, got in a physical fight, partner went to jail, close friend/relative had a bad problem with drinking or drug use, and close friend/relative died) and urogenital infection (genital warts, herpes, chlamydia, gonorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease, syphilis, Group B streptococcus, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, yeast infection, urinary tract infection, and other infection) to examine the relationship between these variables in preterm birth. Data from 1,647 respondents of the 2005 Florida Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and student t- tests, analysis of variance, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Of the respondents, 42% were White, 37.8% had preterm deliveries, and the mean age was 27.1 years. White mothers who became homeless (p = 0.021) or had a partner in jail (p = 0.041) during the 12 months prior to delivery had more preterm deliveries as compared to full-term deliveries. Other non-White mothers who had an ill family member (p = 0.010) had fewer preterm deliveries. In general, mothers diagnosed with Group B streptococcus during pregnancy (p = 0.031) had fewer preterm deliveries. Black mothers diagnosed with herpes (p = 0.006) had fewer preterm deliveries. SEM revealed a significant relationship between maternal stress and infection, in general (p < 0.001), and among White (p < 0.001), Black (p < 0.001), and Hispanic (p < 0.001) mothers. The interaction between these variables was not significant, in general, or among racial/ethnic groups. Results of this study indicate that culturally tailored prevention programs designed to help women cope with multiple risk factors may prove beneficial in reducing preterm birth rates.
36

Angiotensin II and nitric oxide in renal autoregulation and endothelial function

Guan, Z. Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
37

Regulatory importance of cyclic nucleotides in smooth muscle growth of the urogenital tract /

Adolfsson, Per, January 2001 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2001. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
38

Histological studies upon certain organs of the genito-urinary system of the Lylei's flying fox /

Puntawee Chuekao, Kasem Gaew-Im, January 1979 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Anatomy))--Mahidol University, 1979.
39

Return to work experiences of persons with cancer /

Berry, Donna Lynn, January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1992. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [102]-109).
40

Efeito do creme de jambu (acmella oleracea) sobre a função sexual masculina e feminina / Effect of extract of Acmella oleracea on male and female sexual function

Regadas, Rommel Prata January 2008 (has links)
REGADAS, Rommel Prata. Efeito do creme de jambu (acmella oleracea) sobre a função sexual masculina e feminina. 2008. 72 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Cirurgia) - Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, 2008. / Submitted by denise santos (denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2014-03-12T13:12:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_rpregadas.pdf: 406180 bytes, checksum: d9216dd3a10b3485a69718ef6d43aebc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by denise santos(denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2014-03-12T13:14:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_rpregadas.pdf: 406180 bytes, checksum: d9216dd3a10b3485a69718ef6d43aebc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-12T13:14:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_rpregadas.pdf: 406180 bytes, checksum: d9216dd3a10b3485a69718ef6d43aebc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / The toothache plant (Spilanthes oleracea or Spilanthes acmella oleracea or simply Acmella oleracea) is a well-known herb in Northern Brazil, especially in Pará, where it is referred to as jambu. Though commonly used in the local cuisine in dishes such as tacacá and pato-no-tucupi, it is also widely used to prepare analgesic, antiinflammatory and antifungal medications. Extracts of this plant have recently become popular as a topical sexual stimulant for women. The active substance in the herb, spilanthol, is believed to contract the vulva, but so far no medical study has been published confirming this. In the present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical study a cream was prepared from extracts of the toothache plant and tested with regard to its effect on female sexual desire and excitation and male sexual desire and satisfaction and ejaculation time, along with safety and tolerability. Twenty-two blinded couples used cream with and without extract of A. oleracea during two periods of 4 weeks. The participants were aged 43.3 years (men) and 40.5 years (women) on the average and were evaluated individually using self-reported questionnaires (the International Index of Erectile Function and The Female Sexual Function Index) before and after the use of each cream. Compared to placebo, male sexual desire and satisfaction (p=0.0008 and p=0.0006, respectively) and female sexual desire and excitation (p=0.0006 and p=0.0005, respectively) were significantly greater when couples were using the extract. Likewise, male sexual desire and satisfaction (p=0.0002 and p=0.0003, respectively) and female sexual desire and excitation (p=0.0001 and p=0.0008, respectively) only increased in relation to baseline values when couples were using extract. No significant differences were observed between extract and placebo with regard to ejaculation time (p=0.7768), nor with regard to pain and discomfort after intercourse, as reported by both genders (p=0.7728 and p=1.0000, respectively). It may be concluded that cream prepared from extracts of the toothache plant increased female sexual desire and excitation and male sexual desire and satisfaction during intercourse compared to placebo and baseline, without affecting ejaculation time. Side effects were negligible and subsided after completion of treatment. / O Jambu (Spilanthes oleracea ou Spilanthes acmella var oleracea ou Acnella oleracea) é uma planta típica da região norte do Brasil, mais precisamente do Pará. É utilizado na culinária paraense, fazendo parte do prato de peixes como o Tacacá, o Pato no Tucupi. Além da utilização na culinária, tem tido outras aplicações, principalmente como analgésica, anti-inflamatória e antifúngica. Recentemente, tem sido utilizado como estimulante sexual em mulheres. Segundo a cultura popular, o aumento da excitação feminina decorreria de uma atividade contrátil (aumento do peristaltismo) na vulva. Entretanto, nenhum estudo bem conduzido foi publicado na literatura médica para confirmar se isso é realmente verdade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se a pomada de Jambu realmente aumenta a excitação e o desejo sexual feminino; se ocasiona algum impacto sobre o desejo e a satisfação sexual masculina e, por fim, observar a sua segurança e tolerabilidade. Dois ensaios clínicos randomizados, cruzados e placebo-controlados, foram realizados ao mesmo tempo: um para avaliar os homens que utilizaram o creme e o placebo e outro para avaliar as mulheres. Vinte e dois casais participaram do estudo. Utilizaram, durante as relações sexuais, o creme de JAMBU e o placebo. Foram avaliados separadamente, por questionários auto-aplicáveis, antes e após a utilização de cada pomada. Os questionários utilizados foram o Índice Internacional de Função Erétil (IIEF) e o Índice de Funcionamento Sexual Feminino (FSFI). A média de idade foi de 43,3 anos para os homens e de 40,5 anos para as mulheres. Verificou-se que, após o tratamento, o desejo e a satisfação sexual mensurados no grupo Jambu foram significantemente maiores que o observado no grupo Placebo, nos homens (P = 0,0008 e P = 0,0006, respectivamente). O desejo e a excitação sexual na mulher mensurados no grupo Jambu também foram significantemente maiores que o observado no grupo Placebo (P = 0,0006 e P = 0,0005, respectivamente). Igualmente, apenas no grupo Jambu, houve um aumento significante sobre o desejo e a satisfação sexual nos homens e sobre o desejo e a excitação nas mulheres, após o tratamento quando comparado aos valores basais (P = 0,0002 e P = 0,0003) e (P = 0,0001 e P = 0,0008, respectivamente). O mesmo não ocorreu com o placebo. Não foi constatada diferença estatisticamente significante em relação à alteração no tempo ejaculatório (P = 0,7768) entre os grupos placebo e Jambu. Também não foi constatada diferença estatisticamente significante em relação à dor ou desconforto após a utilização das pomadas, tanto no grupo masculino quanto no grupo feminino, (P = 0,7728 e P = 1,0000) entre os dois grupos. Conclui-se que o creme de Jambu (Acmella oleracea) aumentou a excitação e o desejo sexual feminino e o desejo e a satisfação sexual masculina durante atividade sexual, quando comparada ao placebo. Não houve alteração no tempo ejaculatório dos pacientes que utilizaram o creme. Os efeitos colaterais foram discretos e cessaram após a sua remoção.

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