The topic of this work was the use of variable DNA regions for clarification of phylogenic relations of closely related South African species of Crassula L. genus. Based on preliminary dendrogram which was constructed according to chloroplast regions, 69 members of Crassula genus were used for analysis. Variable regions of chloroplast DNA (matK, rps16) as well as nuclear regions of DNA (ITS, ETS) of these members were analyzed. This work was focused on variable regions of nuclear DNA mainly to ETS region which was found as the most suita-ble for phylogenic study of this group of plants. These four regions of DNA were amplified and sequenced for all 69 analyzed members of Crassula genus. The multiple alignments of all DNA sequences were evaluated. The results confirm hypothesis that chosen noncoding nucle-ar DNA regions can be more suitable for phylogenetic study of these closely related species than chloroplast DNA regions because of their much higher variability. The ETS region shoved highest variability of all regions used in this work, so it appears as suitable for detailed phylogenetic analysis of the Crassula genus.

5 Abstract Morphological traits give information about the adaptations of the studied species, the resources, which it uses, and they can generally tell us about the use of ecological space. Intraspecific morphological variability reflects various adaptations of local populations thus variability reflect different way of life. The subject of this thesis is an ecologically interesting group of specialized tropical songbirds - Sunbirds (Nectarinidae). The taxon exhibits number of adaptations to specific food collecting a combination of nectarivory and insect hunting. I focused here on the intraspecific variability of three species (Cyanomitra oritis, Cinnyris reichenowi and C. bouwieri) living in different habitats in Cameroon. The aim of this work was to find out in what morphological characters are this species sexually dimorphic. Furthermore, if their populations living in remote locations differ? Finally, if all studied species show similar trend of intraspecific variability of the traits, which could have common ecological causes. The following traits were measured: wing and tail feather length, beak dimensions, total body weight and other characters. The analysis is based on field data collected between 2003 and 2015 and museum collections. Overall, we collect information about ca. 1200 individuals for...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has an internal ribosomal binding site (IRES) located near the 5ʹ end of its genome. The HCV IRES is capable of direct binding to the 40S small ribosomal unit and eukaryotic initiation factor eIF3, and can initiate translation after the assembly of the whole 80S ribosome. Various molecular types can act as IRES inhibitors. Small molecule compounds seem to be the most promising agent for use in the clinic. The main objective of the thesis was to develop a system for searching for small molecule compound inhibitors of HCV IRES in a library of chemical compounds. Several variants of vector carrying bicistronic cassettes were prepared. After validating their functionality by transient transfection of mammalian cell cultures, mammalian stable cell lines were established. These stable cell lines will allow for automatization of the search for small molecule compound inhibitors of HCV IRES. Our second objective was to study the variability of HCV IRES sequences in patient samples. The samples were analysed by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). Select specimen were sequenced, cloned into a vector with bicistronic cassette and analysed by flow cytometry. In this was we evaluated the effect of specific mutations in the HCV IRES sequence on the level of IRES dependent...

The diploma thesis is concentrated on the diversity of Eurasian elk (Alces alces), living in the wild and bred in the zoological gardens in Czech Republic, moreover is the thesis concerned with the damages caused on the population of elks during the migration, caused by the means of transport. The main goal was, however, to chart is genetic variability, estimate its percent occurrence in the wild and analyze the information of its migration in the territory of Czech Republic. The genetic variability and diversity of the Eurasian elk (Alces alces) was investigated by the means of microsatellite markers OarFCB5, T156, BM888, RT1, RT13, T26, RM188, BM1818, ETH225, Haut17. From the amount of ten of microsatellite loci studied, there was no found the polymorphism on the two loci (BM888 a Haut17) of the elks from the forest management of Vyšší Brod (LV). On the elks bred in the zoological gardens (LZ) in Czech Republic, the polymorphism was found on all of the loci. The average heterozygosity found was at the highest on the LZ set of loci (HE = 0,6801 and HO = 0,6833), in comparison to the set LV, where the average levels reached was by HE = 0,5162 and HO = 0,5571. The number of alleles proven in loci with polymorphism on the wild population varied in between 2 to 3 and in the reserved breed in zoological gardens from 5 to 8 alleles. On the basis of the results of genetic parameters it can be determined, that there the influence of inbreeding on the wild population's genetic structure was found. The migration was determined from the data acquired about the move of elk game and from research I conducted on my own. During the last five years there were on the ground of personal investigation, from the questionnaires and from media registered 21 cases of observation of the elk game were registered in terms of our territory and also two collisions between the game and vehicle.

According FAO data, peach production in Czech Republic has been very low, for the past two decades averages production has been around 2000 tonnes; whilst consumption for the same period keeps growing; like in the case of most fruit. To be able to bridge the gap between production and consumption, and of course to also increase the income of the local producers, this research was carried out to evaluate some selected peach and nectarine cultivars on the Experimental Orchard (Lednice, south Moravia, Czech republic) of the Faculty of Horticulture of The Mendel University, in 2013, to select and recommend cultivars that will suit and boost productivity of the local growers in Czech Republic. 36 cultivars and 24 parameters were evaluated. Traits and parameters for evaluation were chosen according to the Peach Descriptors for Variability (Nitransky, Holubec, 1992). Evaluations, was done with 3fruits randomly selected from each cultivar. Statistical analysis was done with the software Statistica 12 with Tukey HSD test. 8 cultivars were recommended at the end of the experiment.

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of silvicultural measures on selected mechanical properties of Scots pine of the area Doksy and Plasy. Each area is characterized by growths that are typical for the locality. From areas Doksy were selected 3 stands and 2 from Plasy region. For each crop were chosen representative of the trees that were cut down, and testing material was produced. On test samples was determined density at 12 % level moisture, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, toughness and compression strength in the fiber direction. All tests were carried out by standardized procedures. Using statistical methods, it was found that a statistically significant value of compared areas were only in the density. The others properties which were examined in the areas are statistically insignificant. However, when assessing individual stands with ANOVA was generally for the most of properties found statistically significant difference. This suggests that the pine wood properties are dependent on location. In horizontal plane strain was found a statistical significance for all of the tested characteristics. That shows that the position of the wood in the stem has impact on the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the individual results were evaluated in terms of dependence on the density. Which resulted in the majority of cases middle to high dependency.

The doctoral thesis is concerned with the services sector and the area of mass production. Particularly, the optimization of the product portfolio of the travel agency and the optimization of production rounds of ammunition. The theoretical part deals with the current overview of discussed topic. Further, the terminology and methods of the decision-making process are defined to support decision making. The theoretical basis of research focused on the choice of appropriate input variables in the area of services, and on the choice of a particular material option in the production area and appropriate equipment for the production. The theoretical part forms the basis for the practical part of the thesis. For the doctoral thesis was chosen an enterprise operating in the defined sector. Product portfolio for the services sector is optimised using Fuzzy logic and Fuzzy sets so that the enterprise can maintain its competitiveness in todays highly ambitious market. Product portfolio for manufacture is optimised for achieving desired properties of the product. The main aim of the thesis is to propose a new methodological approach for the management of selected business processes in their nonstationary time course. The aim of the practical implementation is to verify the functionality of the proposed methodological approach, both in the area of services and in the field of mass production.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.