No description available.

Durante este trabalho foram sintetizados e caracterizados três derivados dialcoxilados do poli(p-fenileno-vinileno) que diferem entre si pelo tamanho de uma das cadeias laterais: o poli(2-metoxi-5-hexiloxi-p-fenileno-vinileno), MH-PPV, o poli(2-metoxi-5-dodecoxi-p-fenileno-vinileno), MD-PPV e o poli(2-metoxi-5-hexadecoxi- p-fenileno-vinileno), MHd-PPV. Esses polímeros apresentam propriedades eletroluminescentes e podem ser utilizados em dispositivos emissores de luz. A síntese consiste de três etapas: síntese do éter aromático; bisclorometilação do éter aromático, gerando o monômero; e polimerização. A maior diferença no processo de síntese foi observada na obtenção do monômero, sendo necessário um maior excesso de reagente e maiores tempos de reação para a obtenção do monômero do MD-PPV e do MHd-PPV do que para o MH-PPV. Todos os produtos foram caracterizados principalmente por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho, FTIR, e por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de próton e carbono 13. A estrutura química dos polímeros foi confirmada por FTIR e as massas moleculares foram determinadas por Cromatografia de Exclusão por Tamanho, revelando uma alta polidispersividade e valores de massa molecular ponderal média (Mw) da ordem de 105. A análise térmica revelou valores de temperatura de transição vítrea, Tg e amolecimento, Ts, acima de 100oC, e ainda temperaturas de decomposição acima de 400oC para os três polímeros. O MHd-PPV, apresentou, além da Tg, uma transição em tomo de 50oC que pode estar relacionada à fusão das cadeias laterais. Filmes dos três polímeros preparados a partir de diferentes solventes apresentaram diferentes morfologias, observadas por Microscopia de Força Atômica, posições de máxima absorção (500-520 nm) e emissão (585-600 nrn) com pequenas variações e processos de fotodegradação com diferentes características, em função do solvente utilizado. Assim, as diferentes cadeias laterais apresentaram efeitos principalmente sobre características como temperatura de transição vítrea e morfologia dos filmes poliméricos, e, em consequência desta última, sobre o formato dos espectros de emissão e sobre o processo de degradação / In this work, three dialkoxy derivatives of poly(p-phenylenevinylene),which differs from each other by the size of the side chain, were synthesized and characterized: the poly(2-methoxy-5-hexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene), MH-PPV, the poly(2-methoxy-5-dodecoxy-p-phenylene-vinylene), MD-PPV and the poly(2-methoxy- 5-hexadecoxi-p-phenylene-vinyleno), MHd-PPV. These polymers have electroluminescent properties and can be used in light emitting devices. The synthesis consists in three steps: synthesis of aromatic ether, bischloromethylation of the ether yielding the monomer, and polymerization. The major difference regarding the synthesis processes lies on the monomer synthesis. A larger excess of reagents and longer reaction times were necessary to obtain the MD-PPV and MHd-PPV than that used to obtain the MH-PPV. All the products of the two first steps were characterized mainly by FTIR and NMR (proton and carbon 13). The chemical structures of the polymers were confirmed by FTIR and the molar masses determined by characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography, revealing a high polydispersity and values of mean mass molecular weight (Mw) around 105. The thermal analysis presented values of glass transition temperatures, Tg, and softening, Ts, above 100 oC, and decomposition temperatures above 400oC for the three polymers. The MHd-PPV, presented, besides the Tg, a transition in 50oC, which may be related to the melting of the side chain. Films of the three polymers prepared from different solvents presented different morphologies, as observed by Atomic Force Microsocopy, slightly different absorptions (500-520 nm) and emission (585-600 nm) maxima and different photo-degradation processes depending on the solvent used to prepare the films. Therefore, the different size of the side chain presented effects mainly on characteristics as thermal transitions and film morphologies, and, in consequence of the late, on the shape of the emission and on the degradation properties

Neste trabalho estudou-se a síntese fotoquímica do Poli(pfenilenovinileno) (PPV) e a transferência de energia deste polímero para corantes iônicos tais como Basic Blue 3 (BB), Safranina-O (Sf), Eosina-Y (Eoy) e Resazurina (Rz). Na síntese do precursor do PPV, observou-se que o prolongamento do tempo de adição de NaOH no processo de polimerização resultou na inibição do mecanismo SN1, evitando a propagação dos polímeros hidrolisados. Medidas de FTIR e emissão de fluorescência mostraram que o processo de conversão do PTHT em PPV por via fotoquímica também gera polímeros oxidados, assim como na conversão térmica. Espectros de absorção eletrônica do polímero-corante aniônico mostraram que as bandas do corante estão deslocadas para regiões de menor energia, sugerindo a formação de um complexo no estado fundamental. No caso do polímero-corante catiônico, nenhuma mudança espectral é observada, indicando que o efeito de supressão pode estar ocorrendo no estado excitado. Os espectros de fluorescência estacionária e resolvida no tempo indicaram que a transferência de energia ocorre do estado excitado do polímero para o estado fundamental do corante via mecanismo de Förster. No caso do sistema polímero-corante aniônico, a transferência de energia ocorre no estado fundamental das espécies. A constante de supressão dinâmica do sistema PPV-BB foi determinada e comparada com a constante de supressão estática, demonstrando que a supressão do PPV pelo corante não ocorre apenas pelo mecanismo do tipo Förster, mas também pela supressão estática. / The aim of this work was to study the photochemical synthesis of poly(pphenylene vinylene) (PPV) and the energy transfer process evolving PPV and ionic dyes, such as Basic Blue-3, Resazurin, Eosin-Y, Safranin. It was observed that, in the synthesis of PPV precursor, the addition of NaOH in lager time intervals resulted in the inhibition of SN1 mechanism, avoiding the propagation of hydrolyzed polymers. FTIR and fluorescence emission measurements showed that the photochemical conversion from PTHT to PPV also generated oxidized polymers, as in thermal conversion. Electronic absorption of the system polymer-anionic dye revealed a red shift, suggesting the presence of complex species in the ground state. No structural changes or shifts were observed in the system polymer-cationic dye. Steady-state and time resolved fluorescence revealed that energy transfer occurs from the polymer excited-state to dye ground state, by Förster mechanism. For polymeranionic dye system, energy transfer occurs in ground state of both species. Dynamic quenching constant of PPV-Basic Blue-3 was determinated and compared with the static quenching constant. In this case, the quenching of fluorescence occurs by Förster energy transfer and also static quenching.

In the first part of this study, the structtural and thermal characterization of electrochemically and chemically polymerized poly(paraphenylene vinylene), (PPV), have been investigated by direct pyrolysis mass spectrometry. Thermal characteristics, and degradation products of electrochemically prepared poly(paraphenylene vinylene). Pyrolysis study indicated that thermal decomposition of PPV occurs at least two steps. The first being due to the loss of supporting electrolyte present and the second being decomposition of the polymer backbone.In the second part of the study, direct insertion probe pyrolysis mass spectrometry (DIP-MS) technique was used to perform the thermal and the structural characterization of electrochemically synthesized polyaniline,PANI. The effect of dopant used (HCL, HNO3 and H2SO4) and synthesis period have been investigated. For all the samples studied, three main thermall degradation stages have been recorded / evolution of low molecular weight species, evolution of dopant based products and evolution of degradation products of polymer.

Neste trabalho estudou-se a síntese fotoquímica do Poli(pfenilenovinileno) (PPV) e a transferência de energia deste polímero para corantes iônicos tais como Basic Blue 3 (BB), Safranina-O (Sf), Eosina-Y (Eoy) e Resazurina (Rz). Na síntese do precursor do PPV, observou-se que o prolongamento do tempo de adição de NaOH no processo de polimerização resultou na inibição do mecanismo SN1, evitando a propagação dos polímeros hidrolisados. Medidas de FTIR e emissão de fluorescência mostraram que o processo de conversão do PTHT em PPV por via fotoquímica também gera polímeros oxidados, assim como na conversão térmica. Espectros de absorção eletrônica do polímero-corante aniônico mostraram que as bandas do corante estão deslocadas para regiões de menor energia, sugerindo a formação de um complexo no estado fundamental. No caso do polímero-corante catiônico, nenhuma mudança espectral é observada, indicando que o efeito de supressão pode estar ocorrendo no estado excitado. Os espectros de fluorescência estacionária e resolvida no tempo indicaram que a transferência de energia ocorre do estado excitado do polímero para o estado fundamental do corante via mecanismo de Förster. No caso do sistema polímero-corante aniônico, a transferência de energia ocorre no estado fundamental das espécies. A constante de supressão dinâmica do sistema PPV-BB foi determinada e comparada com a constante de supressão estática, demonstrando que a supressão do PPV pelo corante não ocorre apenas pelo mecanismo do tipo Förster, mas também pela supressão estática. / The aim of this work was to study the photochemical synthesis of poly(pphenylene vinylene) (PPV) and the energy transfer process evolving PPV and ionic dyes, such as Basic Blue-3, Resazurin, Eosin-Y, Safranin. It was observed that, in the synthesis of PPV precursor, the addition of NaOH in lager time intervals resulted in the inhibition of SN1 mechanism, avoiding the propagation of hydrolyzed polymers. FTIR and fluorescence emission measurements showed that the photochemical conversion from PTHT to PPV also generated oxidized polymers, as in thermal conversion. Electronic absorption of the system polymer-anionic dye revealed a red shift, suggesting the presence of complex species in the ground state. No structural changes or shifts were observed in the system polymer-cationic dye. Steady-state and time resolved fluorescence revealed that energy transfer occurs from the polymer excited-state to dye ground state, by Förster mechanism. For polymeranionic dye system, energy transfer occurs in ground state of both species. Dynamic quenching constant of PPV-Basic Blue-3 was determinated and compared with the static quenching constant. In this case, the quenching of fluorescence occurs by Förster energy transfer and also static quenching.

Durante este trabalho foram sintetizados e caracterizados três derivados dialcoxilados do poli(p-fenileno-vinileno) que diferem entre si pelo tamanho de uma das cadeias laterais: o poli(2-metoxi-5-hexiloxi-p-fenileno-vinileno), MH-PPV, o poli(2-metoxi-5-dodecoxi-p-fenileno-vinileno), MD-PPV e o poli(2-metoxi-5-hexadecoxi- p-fenileno-vinileno), MHd-PPV. Esses polímeros apresentam propriedades eletroluminescentes e podem ser utilizados em dispositivos emissores de luz. A síntese consiste de três etapas: síntese do éter aromático; bisclorometilação do éter aromático, gerando o monômero; e polimerização. A maior diferença no processo de síntese foi observada na obtenção do monômero, sendo necessário um maior excesso de reagente e maiores tempos de reação para a obtenção do monômero do MD-PPV e do MHd-PPV do que para o MH-PPV. Todos os produtos foram caracterizados principalmente por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho, FTIR, e por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de próton e carbono 13. A estrutura química dos polímeros foi confirmada por FTIR e as massas moleculares foram determinadas por Cromatografia de Exclusão por Tamanho, revelando uma alta polidispersividade e valores de massa molecular ponderal média (Mw) da ordem de 105. A análise térmica revelou valores de temperatura de transição vítrea, Tg e amolecimento, Ts, acima de 100oC, e ainda temperaturas de decomposição acima de 400oC para os três polímeros. O MHd-PPV, apresentou, além da Tg, uma transição em tomo de 50oC que pode estar relacionada à fusão das cadeias laterais. Filmes dos três polímeros preparados a partir de diferentes solventes apresentaram diferentes morfologias, observadas por Microscopia de Força Atômica, posições de máxima absorção (500-520 nm) e emissão (585-600 nrn) com pequenas variações e processos de fotodegradação com diferentes características, em função do solvente utilizado. Assim, as diferentes cadeias laterais apresentaram efeitos principalmente sobre características como temperatura de transição vítrea e morfologia dos filmes poliméricos, e, em consequência desta última, sobre o formato dos espectros de emissão e sobre o processo de degradação / In this work, three dialkoxy derivatives of poly(p-phenylenevinylene),which differs from each other by the size of the side chain, were synthesized and characterized: the poly(2-methoxy-5-hexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene), MH-PPV, the poly(2-methoxy-5-dodecoxy-p-phenylene-vinylene), MD-PPV and the poly(2-methoxy- 5-hexadecoxi-p-phenylene-vinyleno), MHd-PPV. These polymers have electroluminescent properties and can be used in light emitting devices. The synthesis consists in three steps: synthesis of aromatic ether, bischloromethylation of the ether yielding the monomer, and polymerization. The major difference regarding the synthesis processes lies on the monomer synthesis. A larger excess of reagents and longer reaction times were necessary to obtain the MD-PPV and MHd-PPV than that used to obtain the MH-PPV. All the products of the two first steps were characterized mainly by FTIR and NMR (proton and carbon 13). The chemical structures of the polymers were confirmed by FTIR and the molar masses determined by characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography, revealing a high polydispersity and values of mean mass molecular weight (Mw) around 105. The thermal analysis presented values of glass transition temperatures, Tg, and softening, Ts, above 100 oC, and decomposition temperatures above 400oC for the three polymers. The MHd-PPV, presented, besides the Tg, a transition in 50oC, which may be related to the melting of the side chain. Films of the three polymers prepared from different solvents presented different morphologies, as observed by Atomic Force Microsocopy, slightly different absorptions (500-520 nm) and emission (585-600 nm) maxima and different photo-degradation processes depending on the solvent used to prepare the films. Therefore, the different size of the side chain presented effects mainly on characteristics as thermal transitions and film morphologies, and, in consequence of the late, on the shape of the emission and on the degradation properties

No description available.

The study of conjugated polymers, in particular PPV derivatives, continues to fascinate researchers both from the standpoint of developing new routes to control their structure and photophysical properties; this is also driven by the immense potential since this class of polymers has demonstrated in the context of various devices, such as LEDs, photovoltaics, FETs, etc. Also, there has been great interest in utilizing conjugated polymers in developing sensory devices. This thesis has examined a few interesting aspects that could be used to control the structure and consequently the photophysical properties of PPV derivatives. The first chapter of this thesis provides a brief introduction to conjugated polymers, with an emphasis on PPV based polymers, different synthetic methodologies for their preparation, previous attempts to obtain PPV with controlled conjugation length, and also a brief discussion of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) and their preparation by various methods. The second chapter deals with the preparation of conjugated polymer (MEHPPV) nanoparticles by reprecipitation method and utilization of these nanoparticles in detection of nitro explosives in aqueous medium. Nanoparticles of MEHPPV with different sizes were prepared by a simple precipitation method from a THF solution into water. Although these nanoparticles were prepared from very hydrophobic MEHPPV, these nanoparticles were reasonably stable in aqueous medium, especially when their sizes were relatively small; their UV-visible and fluorescence spectra could be readily recorded using simple solution methods. The sizes could be controlled by varying the concentration of the polymer solution used. The CPNs are spherical particles as confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The emission maximum of the nanoparticles is red shifted compared to a solution of the polymer. The fluorescence spectrum of this aqueous nanoparticle dispersion exhibited very high sensitivity to electron-deficient aromatic compounds, in particular the explosive TNT; the CPNs were able to sense nanomolar concentrations of the explosives. Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) is higher for 2,4,6-trinitro toluene (TNT) than any other analytes studied. Among the different sized nanoparticles studied the bigger one showed highest quenching efficiency. Electron-deficient aromatic molecules were shown to quench the fluorescence of the nanoparticles, possibly by excited state electron transfer mechanism; this hypothesis was supported by quenching experiments carried out using a variety of nitro-aromatic molecules with varying reduction potentials, in addition to a few electron-rich aromatic molecules. A fairly good correlation between the quenching efficiency of the analyte and its reduction potential was noticed; however, in a few instances this correlation failed. This suggested that a second factor, namely the solubility of the analyte in water (its hydrophobicity) also is a key factor as this governs the tendency of the analyte to adsorb on the nanoparticle surface, which clearly is the first step in the quenching process. In the third chapter synthesis and characterization of MEHPPV with reduced conjugation length by utilizing the concept of conjugation breaking using non-coplanar entities are presented. MEHPPV with reduced conjugation length was prepared by incorporating non-coplanar entities, such as biphenyl and binaphthyl units, along the polymer backbone. Both Gilch and Witting-Horner methods were successfully utilized to prepare copolymers; the former approach permitted the variation of the level of the twisted comonomer incorporation, whereas the latter approach only provided an alternating copolymer. Although biphenyl based monomers could not be homopolymerized by Gilch method, it was possible to prepare copolymers using xylylene type comonomers. The polymers prepared by the Gilch method are random copolymers; the solubility decreases with increase in the amount of biphenyl incorporation, which was ascribed to the presence of a substantial fraction of longer conjugated segments in such random copolymers. The non-coplanar entities cause truncation of conjugation length in MEHPPV, as evident from their absorption spectra. The copolymers prepared via the Gilch method exhibited a blue shift of about 57 and 20 nm in the absorption and emission, respectively; while the alternating copolymers prepared by Wittig-Horner-Emmons method exhibited a larger blue-shift of about 84 and 54 nm clearly implying a significantly larger reduction in the conjugation length. The copolymers prepared by Wittig-Horner-Emmons method are alternating in nature and therefore leads to a greater reduction in conjugation length; this was evident from the substantially higher blue-shift in the absorption and fluorescence spectra. An interesting feature in the alternating copolymers is the distinct difference in the relative changes in the absorption and emission spectra of the biphenyl and binaphthyl containing copolymers, which appear to suggest in the latter case there is a greater extent of planarization of the excited state. Both these systems provided some useful insights into the various factors that govern the photophysical properties of this class of truncated conjugated polymers. Further examination of this aspect could reveal some other unique features of these copolymers. In the fourth chapter, an approach to prepare copolymer precursors to unsubstituted PPV that holds the potential to control conjugation length is described. The precursor copolymers were prepared by changing the monomer feed ratio of the two monomers, viz. dithiocarbamate (DTC) and xanthate, using the Gilch copolymerization to generate the precursors having varying extents of DTC and xanthate groups. The percentage composition of the precursor copolymers was calculated using 1H NMR and compared with the values calculated from thermogram; the copolymer composition varies linearly with monomers feed suggesting that any desired composition can be readily accessed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the precursors, as a preliminary study to examine the possibility of selective elimination of one of these groups to generate conjugated polymers with varying conjugation lengths, demonstrates that a certain level of selectivity in thermal elimination can be achieved because of the distinctly different thermal labilities of the xanthate and DTC groups. These studies clearly suggest that fine-tuning of the thermally eliminatable groups, specifically using xanthate and DTC, could serve as a useful approach to vary the conjugation length of unsubstituted PPVs, which could have important implication in device fabrication. Clearly further work is needed to characterize the selectively eliminated polymers using other spectroscopic methods, such as UV-visible and fluorescence, before device work could be taken up.

Os polímeros com propriedades luminescentes, e mais especificamente, os eletroluminescentes, tem atraído muita atenção devido a sua possível aplicação em dispositivos ópticos e eletrônicos do tipo LEDs (light-emitting diodes). Grande parte das pesquisas realizadas no campo da eletroluminescência se baseia em estudos sobre poli (arilenos-vinilenos), como o poli-(p-fenileno vinileno), PPV, e seus derivados. No processo de polimerização de tais polímeros, a influência de algumas variáveis são importantes em suas propriedades finais. Este trabalho descreve a exploração da influência de diversas variáveis no processo de polimerização do derivado do PPV, o poli-(2-metoxi-5-hexiloxi-p-fenileno-vinileno) MH-PPV. Além disso, com o intuito de verificar a influência da presença de aditivos na massa molar dos polímeros foram realizadas polimerizações utilizando-se os aditivos 4-metoxifenol, cloreto de tercbutila e cloreto de benzila durante o processo de polimerização. Também foram realizados estudos sobre o modo de adição e temperatura de polimerização utilizando o aditivo cloreto de benziIa. Todos os produtos foram caracterizados por HPSEC (Cromatografia de Exclusão por Tamanho) para determinação das massas molares dos polímeros. Observou-se que a temperatura e a velocidade de adição da base no meio reacional são variáveis que influenciam significativamente no processo de polimerização e, conseqüentemente, na distribuição na massa molar dos polímeros. Foi constatado que o uso de aditivos no processo de polimerização previne a formação de géis; fornece polímeros com baixa massa molar, aumentando a solubilidade dos polímeros em solventes orgânicos como clorofórmio e THF. A análise térmica dos polímeros revelou que além da Tg em tomo de 160oC, todos os polímeros apresentaram uma transição em tomo de 75oC. Os espectros de absorção e emissão não foram afetados de forma significativa dentro dos valores de massas molares médias obtidas. Foi possível também obter uma relação entre os valores de massa molar obtidos por HPSEC e valores de viscosidade relativa, que pode ser utilizada para estimar valores de Mw através de medidas de tempo de escoamento / Electroluminescent polymers have been widely investigated due to its potential applications in optoelectronic devices such as polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). Most of the polymers suitable for application in PLEDs are related to the poly(arylenes-vinylene) polymers, including the poly(p-phenylene-vinylene) (PPV) and its derivatives, which are of special interest. Such materials can exhibit significant differences on their final properties upon changes on specific synthesis parameters. In this work it is described the influence of three different additives, viz. 4-methoxyphenol, terc-butyl chloride and benzyl chloride, on the polymerization process of the derivative poly(2-methoxy-5-hexyloxy-p-phenylenevinylene) MHPPV. Size Exclusion Chromatography analyses revealed that the type and rate of incorporation of the additives to the polymerization reaction largely affects the molecular weight of the polymers. In addition, it was observed that the use of additives leads to the synthesis of low molecular weight polymers, increasing their solubilities in common organic solvents, eg. chloroform and tetrahydrofuran. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to be ca. 160oC. Interestingly, all the polymers presented an additional transition point at ca. 75oC. Neither the electronic absorption nor the emission spectra were affected by the differences on the molecular weight of the polymers. Finally, it was possible to establish correlations between the molecular weight analyses (from HPSEC) and viscosity experiments, which can be useful for Mw determination

This dissertation can be divided into two parts project goals. The first one is the synthesis of rhenium (Re) complexes which are potential reverse saturable absorber (RSA) materials. The second one is the polymerization of ruthenium (Ru) polypyridyl monomers to have an oligomer ensemble for solar light harvesting purposes. THE FIRST part starts with an introduction to optical limiting materials (OLM) (chapter 1). The main discussion in chapter 4 is about the photophysical properties and energy-transfer reactions for three series of facial Re(I) tri-carbonyl complexes. The complexes are of the general type fac-[Re(CO)3(N-N)Cl], where Cl is the chloride and N-N are novel mono functionalized aryl-oligo(p-phenylene-vinylene) bipyridine (bpy) ligands. These series is as a result of changing the aryl group of the ligands to either anthracene or pyrene, and di-alkoxy attachments of phenyl ring in anthracene bipyridine ligands. The synthesis of the bpy ligands involved attaching various aryls by utilizing successive multi-step Wittig-Horner reactions (chapter 2). The ligands were later reacted with Re pentacarbonyl chloride to obtain the complexes. Chromium complexes synthesis is also included (chapter 3). The characterization involved 1H NMR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. There is also another set of ligands where the aryl group is di-methylaminophenyl where the solvatochromic emission properties of the ligands were studied but were not coordinated to metals. The excited-state properties using both the nanosecond (ns) and picosecond (ps) time resolved transient absorption (TA) of Re(I) complexes shows strong positive excited-state absorption signals in 500-800 nm range. From the TA (ps) and time-resolved infrared of the carbonyl region, the excited state forms instantaneously after excitation. Their observed lifetimes are relatively long (2 μs-40 μs range) and they increase as the phenylene-vinylene linker increases. The excited state triplet energies values for the complexes were obtained experimentally using energy transfer method from the simple Sandros relation. They decreases as the π-conjugated phenylene-vinylene linker decreases, this is because the extended backbone bridge serves to lower the energy of the triplet excited state. Lastly, the Re(I) complexes triplet-triplet molar extinction coefficients(δex) were measured by energy transfer to a standard method and their ratios to the ground state molar absorptivity(δg ) are all (δex/δg ≥40) at 530nm which make them potential candidates for RSA. THE SECOND part involves RAFT polymerization of two new acrylamide functionalized Ru(II) polypyridyl monomers. Photoinduced electron transfer reactions for the obtained Ru oligomers and complexes were done using 10-methylphenothiazine (MPT) quencher (chapter 8). The synthesized acrylamide functionalized bipyridine ligand (chapter 6) was reacted with complex precursors cis-[Ru(L)2Cl2] where the ligand (L) is either 2,2’- bipyridine or biquinoline (chapter 7). The obtained Ru(II) photosensitizers acts as energy donating and accepting respectively. The attachment of these Ru complexes to oligomer backbone as side chains is by a C11 alkyl linker. 1H NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used to characterize the ligand, monomers and oligomers. The excited state REDOX potentials were determined using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) values and steady state emission values converted to electron volt (eV). Lastly, the TAs (ns) obtained in the presence of MPT electron donating quencher was in agreement with the ones calculated/ predicted from spectroelectrochemistry. These efforts are toward the goal of making a panchromatic solar light collector in the visible region (chapter 5). / acase@tulane.edu