The goal of the thesis was to evaluate the influence of stabling technology change and feeding during a stanchion barns (type K-174) reconstruction to free barn housing. The monitoring was carried out from January 2015 till February 2016. Based on the data obtained from the efficiency control for testing individual samples of milk (Milk Profit Data application) and values of pool samples during individual months were evaluated these parameters: total daily milk production, components of milk and health of dairy cows. In September 2015 were the dairy cows moved from stanchion barn into temporary conditions. There was the change of the feeding technique, housing system and milking. On the 16th December 2015, cows were moved into the newly renovated barn with a new milking house. After completion of the stress effects, there was an overall improvement of living conditions of cows. There could be seen significant improvement of the milkings hygiene which led to reducing CPM and PSB. It had an impact on cows health improvement. The change of the feeding technique also helped here. Former individually feeding components were replaced with mixed ration TMR. This resulted in a stabilization of rumen ambience, which reflected on the milk components balance. While in stanchion barn, results showed to diets errors and incidence of metabolic disorders such as acidosis, alkalosis, ketosis and diseases of mammary gland (mastitis). The results of the thesis document largely positive impact of mentioned changes - stabling technology, milking and feeding - on evaluated efficiency parameters, milk quality, milk hygiene and also metabolism of cows.

This thesis deals with the effect of grapevine rootstock on the content of phenolic compounds in-knows them. Phenolic compounds are biologically active substances in the plant, which also, indicate Pohl-free radicals and have strong antioxidant effects. Phenolic compounds are mentioned in connection with beneficial effects on human health. The thesis describes the impact on our most used rootstock for the content of phenolic compounds in wine from white grapes and red varieties Hibernal, Marlen and Cerason. Part of the thesis describes the origin and evolution of phenolic compounds and their effects on plant and positive health effects. The work includes a practical assessment of the impact of various rootstocks content of phenolics, which is undoubtedly the influence proved.

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This thesis is focused on the determination of antioxidants and antioxidant activity. In the first work DMPD method was optimized to determine the antioxidant activity of antioxidants standards and the reaction was monitored depending on the time, temperature and concentration. In the second work automated determination of antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds standards rutin, quercitrine and standards of phenolic acids gallic acid and ferulic acid was tested using five different methods used in the determination of antioxidant activity using an automated pipetting machines and spectrophotometer. In the third work phenolic profile and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined in apricot cultivars with methods high frequency liquid chromatography with tandem electrochemical and UV spectrometric detection and these two methods were compared. In the fourth work electrochemical methods used for the determination of phenolic compounds were described. In the fifth work oxidative stress induced by silver ions in the Staphylococcus aureus bacterial culture was investigated using spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods.

The literary part of the thesis brings the insight into the issue of free radicals and their impact on the health of the organism. It deals with the specific abilities and the role of antioxidants in the protection against the negative impact of radicals. It also pays attention to flavonoids as major polyphenols in red wines which significantly influence the antioxidative activity, and thus the health benefits of wine. The practical part shows, using the spectrophotometric DPPH and FRAP methods, the comparison of antiradical activity and reducing power in selected samples of red wines made by different technologies of maceration. The results show the direct relationship between the maceration method and the measured values of the antioxidative potential of the red wines. The discussion and the final part of the thesis suggest new questions and possible directions for further research.

This thesis dealing with the study of antioxidant capacity was developed between 2006-2011 at the Department of Post-Harvest Technology of Horticultural Products, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno. The aim of this thesis was the evaluation of photo-chemiluminescence method and its optimization for determining the antioxidant capacity by the Bux Photochem device. The assessment of impact of selected substances and treatment of experimental material on measured values of antioxidant capacity. The other aim of this thesis was the monitoring of development of antioxidant capacity of the grapes during ripening period and during the process of alcoholic fermentation. The basic principles of measuring the antioxidant capacity by photo-chemiluminescence method are provided by compliance of the methodology with an emphasis on the same treatment of the device. The work showed that the dilution of the observed samples affects the antioxidant capacity measured by Photochem Bux PCL. The solutions of the reference wine and the antioxidant rutin showed higher antioxidant capacity at the samples with higher dilution level. At the parallel extraction by non-polar and polar extractants and the subsequent summation of the measured values of TAC was shown that the resulting value was higher than at the consecutive extractions. Therefore the summation of the values is not appropriate for parallel extractions of antioxidants obtained from the extractants with various polarities. During the extractions 75% methanol was evaluated as the best extractant of antioxidants present in grapes. It is necessary to homogenize the sample before extraction. All the extraction operations must be finished in the shortest time possible. It was shown that all the extraction operations apart from used extractant and re-extraction have demonstrable effects on degradation of antioxidants extracted from the samples. Therefore it is necessary to describe all the extraction procedures perfectly. Very suitable extraction procedure is a re-extraction. There is a big difference in concentrations of extracted substances and extractant occurring during re-extraction, so the extraction is very effective. It was observed that one of the factors causing the degradation of antioxidant compounds during the extraction procedures is the presence of atmospheric oxygen. Sulphites present in wine do not affect the value of antioxidant capacity measured by photo-chemiluminescence method. Conversely, FRAP method has a positive response to the presence of sulphites in wine, so the values measured by this method are affected by the sulphites content. The impact of alcohol content on antioxidant capacity measured by photo-chemiluminescence method was not demonstrated. The monitoring of the antioxidant capacity development in grapes during the ripening period showed that the white varieties have no characteristic development. The blue varieties showed that during the ripening period the values of antioxidant capacity were gradually increasing up to three times the first measurement (46 days before the harvest). The antioxidant capacity of grape juice was increasing during the alcoholic fermentation only if the juice was left in the contact with skins. There was no increase of antioxidant capacity observed after the pressing, although the fermentation process was highly reductive and took place in closed containers.

Name of thesis: Impairment of cellular metabolism as common pathophysiological mechanism of CNS diseases Problem definition: Every human cell needs energy for living. If the prodcution of ATP (as an universal energy carrier) is broken, cell restricts its activity first and during longterm depletion of ATP, dies. It was found, that cellular metabolism is broken in most pathologies in CNS. Disorder of respiratory chain by free radicals is the best known at Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, brain ischemia etc. Mitochondria, where respiratory chain is situated, is not only the aim of free radicals, but it is their major producer. The activity of respiratory chain decreases during the life and this phenomenan is called aging. Aim of thesis: To determine whether there is increased production of free radicals in mitochondria of rat (LE Wistar) hippocampus during the epileptic seizure. Method: Thesis involves experiment which was done with acute rat hippocampal slices. To induce epileptic seizure it was used 4-aminopyridine model. It was used fluorescence imaging as imaging method. Changes of superoxide production was detected with MitoSOX. Electrophysiological record was taken by programme Spike 2 with stimulation and recording electrode inside the slice. Results: There was no significant difference between...

Cílem práce je manažerské ocenění společnosti Polabské mlékárny a. s. jako celku a ocenění vlastního kapitálu společnosti. Pro tyto účely byla provedena detailní analýza makroprostředí ČR a analýza mlékárenského trhu. Po zpracování především finanční analýzy společnosti a porovnáním výsledků z konkurenty byly odhaleny silné i slabé stránky společnosti a odhadnut její potenciál. Pro stanovení hodnoty podniku byla použita výnosová metoda volného peněžního toku do firmy v dvoufázové variantě.

This diploma thesis is focused on producing dairy cows and their culling rates. The general goal of this work was to compare and to evaluate the culling rates of dairy cows on 2 independent farms with free range farming system from 2012 to 2014. The diploma thesis provides the facts about culling rates in heifers and in cows till 90 days after calving, reasons to be culled, the age at culling, the age at first calving, parity when the cows were culled and the comparison of milk parameters at culling. The study was compiled from the detailed data about 474 dairy or combined utility cows. Farm Senagro a.s. Senožaty disposes pure-blooded cows or crossbreds with 51-100% of principal breed in blood. Only purebred cows are raised at farm Nečerák Vystrkov. It is obvious that culling rate markedly over 30% from all of the cows at farm Senagro a.s. Senožaty negatively influences profitability of this farm. Vice versa farm Nečerák Vystrkov belongs into category which accomplishes recommended value.

As the most widely dispersed fauna around the world, insects are exposed to a range of stresses within their environments. Oxidative stress causes a disturbance of the balance between production of free radicals and antioxidant response, which leads to various physiological changes in an organism. Despite this, there are several of defense mechanisms, which include in particular the main antioxidant enzymes AKH. In this thesis, I tried to contribute especially to understand the physiological nature of telomere elongation after exposure to free radicals.