The making of a prison presents a unique architectural situation－a building or massing of buildings which must accommodate and enforce a prescribed routine, incorporating most of the facets of human existence, while aspiring to correct deviant behavior within a hostile population. The physical presence of a prison is abhorrent to most of those who live and work within its proximity, although almost all would accede to the necessity of such facilities. The twentieth century trend has been to locate prisons in the countryside away from the urban areas that contribute heavily to their populations. These facilities function with varying degrees of success, but perhaps suffer most in rehabilitation of their urban charges; the rehabilitative process is stifled by isolating the prisoners from their families and the types of employment skills found in cities. The urban prison rehabilitation center in downtown Washington D.C. will be a low security step between prison and freedom. The facility will aspire to reintegrate the prisoner into society by exposing him to marketable skills, allowing accessibility to family, and endowing him with greater responsibility for his actions. Architecturally, the project will seek to establish an understandable order and separation of functions by drawing from the context ideas of scale, form, and rhythm while maintaining the homogeneity of a single organism. This harmonizing of architecture and idea will hopefully initiate in its inhabitants a realization of the potentials of their minds and production. / Master of Architecture

Employing a survey method, this study examined the perceptions held by teachers and administrators on inservice strategies in selected schools within the Washington, District of Columbia public schools system. In order to ferret out these perceptions, the following major questions were raised: (a) what are the demographic characteristics of the teachers? (b) what are teachers' reasons for pursuing inservice training? (c) which factors and formats were perceived to be convenient and preferred by teachers? (d) how often did teachers participate in inservice training? (e) what are the similarities and differences of the perceptions of teachers and administrators on the importance of inservice training for teachers? The substantive findings after a survey questionnaire was administered are: (a) The average age of the teachers was 45 years and the percentage for the females was twice greater than that for the males. Over three-quarters of the teachers had a masters' degree and above. Almost 45% of the teachers had taught between ll to 20 years, and about 85% of them were teaching in their area of preparation. (b) The most important reason for teachers' pursuit of inservice training was training toward certification, and their least important reason was training for inservice credit. (c) About 73% of the teachers were willing to travel only shorter distances to take their inservice training courses. A great number of them preferred Spring for their training and about one-third of them preferred afternoon training sessions. Over two-thirds of the teachers preferred group activities as forms of instruction and about 34% of them preferred an intensified format. More than half (52%) of the teachers chose industry training as a method of delivery. (d) Teachers did not participate frequently (on average 1 program per year) in inservice training programs. (e) A significant relationship indicated some differences between teachers and administrators' perceptions on inservice training. However, in general, all were seen as important by over half of the respondents. Discovering needs of students and instructional and student records management were similar between the two groups. Discovering needs of students was clearly the most important, with 88% of the teachers and 100% of the administrators rating this topic as the most important. Although even the least important in the list, fiscal policies of the total institution, was rated as important by 51% of the teachers and 65% of the administrators. / Ed. D.

Human beings by nature are social creatures capable of intelligent and complex interactions. Unfortunately, planning and implementation of the built environment has not always influenced or created opportunities for social exchange and conversation. The thesis explores how architecture can influence the interconnection between people at various scales in order to promote interaction. The mixed-use building includes a social coffeehouse and bar above which is a small apartment complex. These apartments would house a small number of politicians and their interns from each political party. This setting becomes a vehicle within which various players from the political spectrum could interact and commune together. By creating a variety of both public and private spaces, different experiences and relationships between inhabitants create opportunities for social dialogue and interaction. This architectural narrative, then, is the conversation between the reader and writer. ***NOTE: The uploaded file is 72dpi for computer viewing. Please contact the author if you should require a higher resolution pdf.*** / Master of Architecture

'How should Europe be represented in the world?' This project proposes an Embassy for the European Community in Washington D.C. The design process seeks to reconcile several critical oppositions imbedded within the task. The project develops a new embassy programme which extends the notion of cultural exchange, through diplomacy, into the public realm. It integrates a tectonic strategy which provides necessary protection for building inhabitants, while maintaining a sense of openess. In addition, this project conceives of a system within which individual and collective identities may coexist. / Master of Architecture

Thesis supervisor: Barbara A. Biesecker. Includes bibliographic references (p. 198-204).

On March 19, 2003, the United States military led a "pre-emptive" strike on Iraq, thrusting media into a heightened responsibility to keep the American public informed. By May 1, 2003, President George W. Bush had officially declared the war over, but at the time of this study, Spring 2005, violence prevailed in Iraq.Throughout the Iraq War, different styles of print media coverage appeared between the United States and German presses – reflective of each country's stance on the Iraq war. As influenced by numerous factors, U.S. and German newspapers covered the Iraq conflict in different ways. Several predictions resulted from considerations of nationality and political stance on the Iraq war.To assess the accuracy of those predictions, a content analysis was conducted. Two independent variables were named--the German newspaper, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ) and the U.S. newspaper, the Washington Post.The results gleaned from the analysis were examined with a chi-square, and most were found to be significant: As hypothesized, both U.S. and German newspapers overwhelmingly featured official sources. This meant that the media did not fulfill its watchdog function, but instead, allowed officials to frame the story of war.Although each country was viewing the war through official sources, those sources accentuated different aspects of the war and often carried strong positive or negative tones. The Washington Post carried more neutral sources, whereas the Frankfurt Allgemeine Zeitung carried more negative sources. With a clear sentiment against the war, German newspapers more often featured sources who weren't active players in the war and non-American, non-Iraqi sources in their articles, thus attempting to offer more balanced reporting. This study may offer an explanation as to why the United States and Germany shared such opposing opinions about the Iraq War–each country's citizens experienced the news from different perspectives. / Department of Journalism

Thesis (D. Min.)--McCormick Theological Seminary, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

The widespread adoption of autonomous cars has the potential to revolutionize urban transportation, but what impact will it have on urban form? This thesis examines the hypothesis that adopting autonomous cars can transform street space into a more human-centric purpose, leading to more livable and sustainable cities. The research was conducted through a literature review, analysis of case studies, and the development of specific street designs in order to reveal possible scenarios. The literature review suggests that adopting autonomous cars can reduce the need for parking and increase the efficiency of transportation. Furthermore, the rise of shared cars is expected to revolutionize the way people move. With the advent of autonomous cars, it is possible that personal cars will become less necessary as people can rely on these constant-moving vehicles for transportation. These changes will impact our cities creating new opportunities to improve the urban space. The thesis explores these challenges and opportunities through design for the actual urban environment of Washington D.C. As the capital of the United States, the country where cars have significantly shaped its cities, it is also home to influential political and policy-makers. As a result, the city offers a good opportunity to rethink the future urban environment when this technology will be widely adopted. The findings of this thesis suggest that the adoption of autonomous cars has the potential to transform urban form reclaiming street space for people, but also requires careful planning and design to ensure that the benefits are distributed equitably and the negative impacts are minimized. The thesis concludes with four street proposals, each performing a different role in the city and the results provoke a reflection of the role of the street in our cities. / Master of Science / The widespread use of self-driving cars can transform our lives in cities. This new technology could lead to a more human-centered urban environment, where streets are designed for people rather than cars. The use of self-driving cars could also reduce the need for parking and improve the efficiency of transportation. However, this transformation requires careful planning and design to ensure that the benefits are distributed fairly and that negative impacts are minimized. A recent study looked at the potential impact of self-driving cars in Washington D.C., and suggests that the adoption of this technology could transform urban form and make cities more livable and sustainable. The study concludes with several street design proposals that could help shape the future of our cities. The findings of this thesis suggest that the adoption of autonomous cars has the potential to transform urban form reclaiming street space for people, it concludes with street proposals, each performing a different role in the city.

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