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Fungi + Plastics = <3 : Collaborative design for coliving in queer ecologiesLasnier Guilloteau, Mathilde January 2022 (has links)
As plastic pollution is considered a potential geological marker of the Anthropocene, some living organisms have evolved and adapted into symbiotic relationships with polymers. The wicked problem of pollution and toxic exposure contributes to waste colonialism, which is inherent to the current state of climate and ecological emergency. From plastics to fungi and back again, this project speculates on the possibilities to decolonise plastic waste with the help of a plastic-decomposing fungus. My research prompts toward anthropo-de-centrism and multispecies storytelling as design methods to develop care for plastic waste. The project draws upon the complexity of fungi-plastics-humans relations and is supported by a transdisciplinary collaborative research focused on fungi cultivation. At the core of this practice, I relate the omnipresence of fungi and plastics to queer ecologies, and as such, I develop my design proposal with generative toxicity as theoretical and creative framework. To materialise this, I propose a workshop bridging between local communities of designers and self-taught mycologists, in order to change the general opinion on plastic waste by focusing on hosting and care as forms of slow activism. The longer-term aim would be a systemic rebalancing of our permanently polluted world. Queer ecologies could therefore contribute to refine what sustainability means for design today by facilitating multispecies care and decolonising gestures.
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What is the Connection Between the Import Regulations in Southeast Asia and the 2019 Changes to the Basel Convention Regarding Plastic Waste? : A Study on Governance Solutions and National Policy Responses to the Issues of Marine Plastic Pollution and the Global Plastic Waste TradeAlbinger, Laura Katharina January 2022 (has links)
Since the 2018 Chinese plastic waste import ban, the global plastic waste trade has been increasingly problematized, especially considering the correlated global environmental issue of marine plastic pollution. Therefore, governance approaches are required to curb marine plastic pollution and regulate the plastic waste trade to prevent situations of “waste dumping” in Global South countries. This thesis will examine the connection between the 2019 changes Basel Convention as a global governance approach and the tendency of Southeast Asian countries to implement import regulations due to an increase in plastic waste exports to the region and resulting environmental concerns. The empirical context of both plastic problems and the central theoretical concepts of waste distancing and environmental justice associated with a postcolonial, environmental theory approach are discussed in the literature review. The 2019 changes to the Basel Convention will be first examined with a content analysis and then the changing international context resulting in national import regulations will be studied with a process-tracing approach focused on the cases of Malaysia and Thailand. To conclude the Basel Convention provided a regulative framework for certain plastic waste imports and can also be related to the Southeast Asian countries’ response of repatriating illegal imports.
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Den globala second hand-exportens roll i avfallskolonialismen : en fallstudie av Kantamantomarknaden i Accra, Ghana / The role of global second hand exports in waste colonialism : a case study of the Kantamanto market in Accra, GhanaFalk, Tea, Jalkell, Marina January 2024 (has links)
Uppsatsen är baserad på en fältstudie genomförd på en av världens största second hand-marknader, Kantamantomarknaden i Accra, Ghana. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur den globala exporten av second hand-kläder skapar konsekvenser för mottagande part, med avsikt att främja ett globalt perspektiv vid beslutsfattandet gällande producentansvar och hantering av textilavfall. Fältstudien utfördes under fyra veckor och resultatet bygger på intervjuer med personer som på olika sätt arbetar med de osäljbara kläderna som anländer till Kantamantomarknaden samt observationer av platser i Accra där de osäljbara kläderna återfinns. Genom att analysera empirin med hjälp av Actor Network Theory kunde de osäljbara kläderna på marknaden identifieras. Vidare kunde ett nätverk kartläggas för att synliggöra de relationer som skapats mellan olika aktörer i Accra till följd av second hand-exporten. Från nätverket urskiljdes tre olika teman av konsekvenser till följd av de identifierade relationerna. De teman som sågs kopplade till exporten var konsekvenser kopplade till infrastruktur, miljö- och sociala konsekvenser. Vidare analyserades dessa teman med postkolonial teori för att urskilja de postkoloniala strukturer som i resultatet visades återfinnas och upprätthållas genom den globala second hand-exporten. Genom uppsatsen tydliggörs komplexiteten i fenomenet, baserat på de koloniala strukturer som speglas i handeln och de tydligt negativa konsekvenserna som identifierades i Accra. Dessa kombineras med de positiva konsekvenser som involverar de personer som livnär sig eller gynnas av handeln, samt den rad identifierade initiativ som skedde i Accra för att på olika sätt skapa ett värde i de osäljbara kläderna. Vidare illustreras komplexiteten i det stora nätverk som vittnar om den stora mängd aktörer som påverkas av situationen, och alla relationer som skapas till följd av den globala second hand-exporten. Analysen av empirin motiverar användandet av begreppet avfallskolonialism i denna studie och belyser bristen på ett globalt inkluderande i cirkulära affärsplaner i Global North. / This paper is based on a field study which took place at one of the worlds largest second hand markets, The Kantamanto market in Accra, Ghana. The purpose of the study is to examine how the global export of second hand clothes contributes to consequences in the receiving countries, with the aim to encourage a global perspective within decision making concerning producer responsibility and management of textile waste. The field study was conducted over a period of four weeks and the result is based on empirical findings from interviews with persons who in different ways work with the unsellable clothes combined with observations of places in Accra where the unsellable clothes can be found. By analyzing the empirical findings with the help of Actor Network Theory, the unsellable clothes at the market could be identified. Furthermore, through the mapping of a network, the relationships created between different actors in Accra as a result of second hand exports was made visible. From the relationships within the network, three themes of consequences could be distinguished. The themes found were; consequences linked to infrastructure, environmental consequences and social consequences. These were then analyzed with the use of postcolonial theory to identify the postcolonial structures that were made visible through the findings and were shown to be perpetuated through the global second hand export. The study shows the complexity of the phenomenon by looking at the hidden colonial structures in the trade, which have caused negative effects in Accra. It compares these bad outcomes with the good ones, involving people who rely on the trade for their livelihoods or other benefits. Additionally, the study highlights various efforts in Accra aimed at giving value to unsellable clothing. Furthermore, the complexity of the extensive network is illustrated, which testifies to the large number of actors affected by the situation, and all the relationships that are created as a consequence of the unsellable clothes on the market. The analysis of the empirical findings justifies the use of the concept of waste colonialism in this study and highlights the lack of global inclusion in circular business plans in the Global North.
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