Web forms development for Web based applications is often expensive, laborious, error-prone, time consuming and requires a lot of effort. Web forms are used by many different people with different backgrounds and a lot of demands. There is a very high cost associated with the need to update the Web application systems to achieve these demands. A wide range of techniques and ideas to automate the generation of Web forms exist. These techniques and ideas however, are not capable of generating the most dynamic behaviour of form elements, and make Insufficient use of database metadata to control Web forms' generation and appearance. In this thesis different techniques are proposed that use RuleML and database metadata to build rulebases to improve the automatic and dynamic generation of Web forms. First this thesis proposes the use of a RuleML format rulebase using Reaction RuleML that can be used to support the development of automated Web interfaces. Database metadata can be extracted from system catalogue tables in typical relational database systems, and used in conjunction with the rulebase to produce appropriate Web form elements. Results show that this mechanism successfully insulates application logic from code and suggests that Abstract iii the method can be extended from generic metadata rules to more domain specific rules. Second it proposes the use of common sense rules and domain specific rules rulebases using Reaction RuleML format in conjunction with database metadata rules to extend support for the development of automated Web forms. Third it proposes the use of rules that involve code to implement more semantics for Web forms. Separation between content, logic and presentation of Web applications has become an important issue for faster development and easy maintenance. Just as CSS applied on the client side to control the overall presentation of Web applications, a set of rules can give a similar consistency to the appearance and operation of any set of forms that interact with the same database. We develop rules to order Web form elements and query forms using Reaction RuleML format in conjunction with database metadata rules. The results show the potential of RuleML formats for representing database structural and active semantics. Fourth it proposes the use of a RuleML based approach to provide more support for greater semantics for example advanced domain support even when this is not a DBMS feature. The approach is to specify most of the semantics associated with data stored in RDBMS, to overcome some RDBMSs limitations. RuleML could be used to represent database metadata as an external format.

Web forms development for Web based applications is often expensive, laborious, error-prone, time consuming and requires a lot of effort. Web forms are used by many different people with different backgrounds and a lot of demands. There is a very high cost associated with the need to update the Web application systems to achieve these demands. A wide range of techniques and ideas to automate the generation of Web forms exist. These techniques and ideas however, are not capable of generating the most dynamic behaviour of form elements, and make Insufficient use of database metadata to control Web forms¿ generation and appearance. In this thesis different techniques are proposed that use RuleML and database metadata to build rulebases to improve the automatic and dynamic generation of Web forms. First this thesis proposes the use of a RuleML format rulebase using Reaction RuleML that can be used to support the development of automated Web interfaces. Database metadata can be extracted from system catalogue tables in typical relational database systems, and used in conjunction with the rulebase to produce appropriate Web form elements. Results show that this mechanism successfully insulates application logic from code and suggests that Abstract iii the method can be extended from generic metadata rules to more domain specific rules. Second it proposes the use of common sense rules and domain specific rules rulebases using Reaction RuleML format in conjunction with database metadata rules to extend support for the development of automated Web forms. Third it proposes the use of rules that involve code to implement more semantics for Web forms. Separation between content, logic and presentation of Web applications has become an important issue for faster development and easy maintenance. Just as CSS applied on the client side to control the overall presentation of Web applications, a set of rules can give a similar consistency to the appearance and operation of any set of forms that interact with the same database. We develop rules to order Web form elements and query forms using Reaction RuleML format in conjunction with database metadata rules. The results show the potential of RuleML formats for representing database structural and active semantics. Fourth it proposes the use of a RuleML based approach to provide more support for greater semantics for example advanced domain support even when this is not a DBMS feature. The approach is to specify most of the semantics associated with data stored in RDBMS, to overcome some RDBMSs limitations. RuleML could be used to represent database metadata as an external format.

In a web application, “webform” plays an important role in providing interactions between users and a server. To develop a webform in conventional method, developers have to create many files including HTML-JavaScript, SQL script, and many server-side programs to process to data. In this thesis, we propose a new language, Webform Language (WFL). WFL can considerably decrease developing time of webform by describing it in XML and a parser will automatically generate all necessary files. In addition, we give an option for user to describe a webform in another language, called Simple Webform Language (SWFL). The syntax of a SWFL is simple and similar to the “CREATE TABLE” statement in SQL. When a parser parse webform description in SWFL, it translated the description to WFL first, and then processed it by as normal WFL.

Digitization is a fundamental importance for society and something that is constantly sought. Several organizations have not yet digitized various document-based processes, which makes the development difficult since statistical analyzes are time-consuming and costly. CSN is one of the many companies that has still not been able to digitalize their paper forms and has the ambition to replace them all in the least expensive way and as fast as possible. Today, the company stands between buying a service that has applied digitalized solution or implementing its own. This study will explore how a dynamic web form can be implemented to meet the company's ambitions, which will be called “Smarta Blanketter” and stands for Smart forms in English. The possibilities and requirements that can be featured in a digitized solution will be investigated to simplify the customer process and make the underlying process at companies more flexible. Because of the project’s short timeframes, the usability and the dynamic functionality of “Smarta Blanketter” have been prioritized, some visual tool that simplifies the creation of new web forms has not yet been implemented. E-ID signatures, filling of PDF files, and navigation based on previous answer options are just some of the dynamic features applied in “ Smarta Blanketter ” . In order to evaluate whether the dynamic solution improves the customer process, a usability test has been carried out in which the testers fill in an earlier paper application versus the same application inserted in “ Smarta Blanketter ” . The result indicates that the web form optimizes the customer process as customers respond faster and only to necessary questions. Additions of incomplete applications have previously been an issue with the paper forms, which could be completely excluded when filling-in support and validation checks were applied. Replacing CSN's paper applications, could reduce or potentially completely exclude their current budget of ten million Swedish crowns used for sending out their paper forms. The solution that has been designed is not only adapted for the company in this project but can be used for other organizations that have similar paper applications. / Digitalisering är en fundamental betydelse för samhället och något som hela tiden eftersträvas. Flera organisationer har idag ännu inte digitaliserat olika dokumentbaserade processer vilket gör utvecklingen svår då statistiska analyser är tidskrävande och kostsamma. CSN är ett av det företagen som fortfarande inte hunnit digitalisera sig inom området och har i ambition att ersätta samtliga pappersansökningar på minst kostsamma sätt och på så kort tid som möjligt. Idag står företaget mellan att köpa en tjänst som tillämpat detta eller implementera en egen lösning. Den här studien kom-mer utforska hur ett dynamiskt webbformulär kan implementeras för att möta företagets ambitioner, som kommer att kallas Smarta Blanketter. Möjligheterna och krav som kan ställas på en digitaliserad lösning kommer att utforskas för att förenkla kundprocessen och göra den bakomliggande pro-cessen hos företag smidigare. I mån av tid har användbarheten och den dynamiska funktionaliteten av Smarta Blanketter prioriterats, något visuellt verktyg som förenklar skapandet av nya webbformulär har ännu inte konstruerats. E-legitimationssignering, ifyllningsbara PDF-filer och navigering baserat på tidigare svarsalternativ är bara några av de dynamiska egenskaper som tillämpats i Smarta Blanketter. För att utvärdera om den dynamiska lösningen förbättrar kundprocessen har ett användbarhetstest genomförts där testarna fyller i en tidigare pappersansökan kontra samma ansökan fast i Smarta Blanketter. Resultatet tyder på att webbformuläret optimerar kundprocessen då kunder svarar snabbare och endast på nödvändiga frågor. Kompletteringar av ofullständiga ansökningar har tidigare varit ett problem hos företaget vilket helt kunde exkluderas då ifyllnadstöd och valideringskontroller tillämpats. En ersättning av CSN:s pappersansökningar skulle reducera eller potentiellt exkludera deras nuvarande budget på 10 mkr för utskick av sina blanketter. Lösningen som konstruerats är inte enbart anpassad för företaget utan kan tänkas användas för andra organisationer som har liknande pappersansökningar.

This thesis deals with the analysis, design and implementation of a system based on semantic technologies and ontology languages. There is described the semantic web and its concept, technology of semantic web especially RDF and OWL and the ability to view on the Web. Another part of this work treats with the specification, analysis, design actual implementation of the system, which processes the ontology and allows users to create individual depending on the definition of the ontology. The created content is presented on the Web annotated. The result of this work is the demonstration application.