Zugl.: Braunschweig, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2008

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2005. / Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 96 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

<p>Regeringen har en vision att en given fråga skall besvaras med ett samlat svar från flera myndigheter. För att lyckas med detta måste myndigheterna samarbeta i en större utsträckning än vad som sker i dag. Speciellt viktigt är det att information kan utbytas mellan myndigheterna på ett effektivt sätt. För att lyckas med detta så har statskontoret gått ut med att web services är en teknik som kan användas. Om tekniken skall kunna användas ut fullt krävs att det finns ett gemensamt register.</p><p>I det här arbetet används enkäter för att undersöka i vilken utsträckning web services användes inom myndigheterna i dag, samt för att undersöka myndigheternas inställning till tekniken. Det visade sig att det fins en positiv inställning till web services. Dock finns det inget gemensamt register, vilket är oroande då det kan bidra till att dra ner tjänsteutbytet mellan myndigheterna.</p>

Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--Hamburg.

Με την όλο και αυξανόμενη απαίτηση των πελατών για προϊόντα που να προσαρμόζονται περισσότερο στις ανάγκες τους, η σύγχρονη βιομηχανία πρέπει να επιδεικνύει μεγάλο βαθμό ευελιξίας. Ένα τυπικό παράδειγμα είναι οι αυτοκινητοβιομηχανίες, όπου για τον σκοπό αυτό, προσπαθούν να εξασφαλίσουν την βέλτιστη συνεργασία με τους προμηθευτές και τους αντιπροσώπους. Στην εργασία αυτή, έχει αναπτυχθεί ένα λογισμικό σύστημα που βασίζεται στο διαδίκτυο για την ανταλλαγή δεδομένων μεταξύ του κατασκευαστή, των προμηθευτών και την αντιπροσώπων μιας αυτοκινητοβιομηχανίας. Το λογισμικό αποτελείται από υπηρεσίες διαδικτύου, ενώ για την υλοποίηση της επιχειρησιακής λογικής, χρησιμοποιείται η γλώσσα BPEL (Business Process Execution Language). Τέλος, έχει υλοποιηθεί μια σχεσιακή βάση δεδομένων για την αποθήκευση του συνόλου των δεδομένων. / Since the customers’ demand for highly customizable products is rising, modern industry has to exhibit a high degree of flexibility. A typical example is the automotive industry, where efforts are being made, to ensure the best possible cooperation of the manufacturer with the suppliers and the dealers. In this thesis, a web based software system has been developed, for the exchange of data between the manufacturer, the suppliers and the dealers of an automotive industry. The software system consists of Web Services, while the business logic is implemented using BPEL (Business Process Execution Language). Last but not least, a relational data base has been developed for the storage of the data needed.

Στη σύγχρονη εποχή, η ανάπτυξη των ετερογενών και κατανεμημένων περιβαλλόντων, όπως τα περιβάλλοντα πλέγματος, καθιστά εφικτή την επίλυση υπολογιστικά εντατικών προβλημάτων με αξιόπιστο και οικονομικό τρόπο. Το Πλέγμα Υπολογιστών είναι μια αναπτυσσόμενη υποδομή που παρέχει πρόσβαση σε υπολογιστική ισχύ και αποθηκευτικό χώρο κατανεμημένα σε όλο τον κόσμο. Εισήχθη για να ικανοποιήσει την ανάγκη για εφαρμογές που απαιτούν μεγάλο αριθμό υπολογισμών καθώς και την επικοινωνία των ατόμων που τις εκτελούν. Ένα πρόβλημα που μπορεί να εκμεταλλευτεί τα πλεονεκτήματα του Πλέγματος είναι το πρόβλημα χρονοπρογραμματισμού πληρωμάτων. Το συγκεκριμένο πρόβλημα είναι πολύπλοκο και χρονοβόρο εξαιτίας των πολλών περιορισμών που συνδέονται με αυτό. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία παρουσιάζεται με λεπτομέρεια η δομή και ο τρόπος λειτουργίας και εξυπηρέτησης χρηστών του Πλέγματος. Επίσης, καταγράφουμε τη μεθοδολογία και τον τρόπο υποβολής εργασιών στο Πλέγμα από τη σκοπιά του χρήστη. Επικεντρώνουμε το ενδιαφέρον μας στην αποδοτική επίλυση του προβλήματος χρονοπρογραμματισμού ανθρωπίνων πόρων, συγκεκριμένα του νοσηλευτικού προσωπικού ενός νοσοκομείου, με χρήση παράλληλης επεξεργασίας σε περιβάλλον δικτύου υπολογιστών. / -

With the increasing use of the Web and the need to automate, interoperate, and reason about resources and services on the Web, the Semantic Web aims to provide solutions for the future needs of World Wide Web computing. However, the autonomous, dynamic, open, distributed and heterogeneous nature of the Semantic Web introduces new security challenges. Various security standards and mechanisms exist that address different security aspects of the current Web and Internet, but these have not been integrated to address security aspects of the Semantic Web specifically. Hence, there is a need to have a security framework that integrates these disparate security tools to provide a holistic, secure environment for the Semantic Web. This study proposes a security framework that provides various security functionalities to Semantic Web entities, namely, agents, Web services and Web resources. The study commences with a literature survey carried out in order to establish security aspects related to the Semantic Web. In addition, requirements for a security framework for the Semantic Web are extracted from the literature. This is followed by a model-building study that is used to compile a security framework for the Semantic Web. In order to prove the feasibility thereof, the framework is then applied to different application scenarios as a proof-of-concept. Following the results of the evaluation, it is possible to argue that the proposed security framework allows for the description of security concepts and service workflows, reasoning about security concepts and policies, as well as the specification of security policies, security services and security mechanisms. The security framework is therefore useful in addressing the identified security requirements of the Semantic Web. / School of Computing / M.Sc. (Computer Science)

L’analyse des paysages, de ses dynamiques et ses processus environnementaux, nécessite d’acquérir régulièrement des données des sites, notamment pour le bilan glaciaire au Spitsberg et en haute montagne. A cause des mauvaises conditions climatiques communes aux latitudes polaires et à cause de leur coût, les images satellites journalières ne sont pas toujours accessibles. De ce fait, les événements rapides comme la fonte de la neige ou l'enneigement ne peuvent pas être étudiés à partir des données de télédétection à cause de leur fréquence trop faible. Nous avons complété les images satellites par un ensemble de de stations photo automatiques et autonomes qui prennent 3 photos par jour. L’acquisition de ces photos génère une grande base de données d’images. Plusieurs traitements doivent être appliqués sur les photos afin d’extraire l’information souhaitée (modifications géométriques, gestion des perturbations atmosphériques, classification, etc). Seule l’informatique est à même de stocker et gérer toutes ces informations. Le cloud computing offre en tant que services des ressources informatiques (puissance de calcul, espace de stockage, applications, etc). Uniquement le stockage de la masse de données géographique pourrait être une raison d’utilisation du cloud computing. Mais en plus de son espace de stockage, le cloud offre une simplicité d’accès, une architecture scalable ainsi qu’une modularité dans les services disponibles. Dans le cadre de l’analyse des photos in situ, le cloud computing donne la possibilité de mettre en place un outil automatique afin de traiter l’ensemble des données malgré la variété des perturbations ainsi que le volume de données. A travers une décomposition du traitement d’images en plusieurs tâches, implémentées en tant que web services, la composition de ces services nous permet d’adapter le traitement aux conditions de chacune des données. / Analyzing landscape, its dynamics and environmental evolutions require regular data from the sites, specifically for glacier mass balanced in Spitsbergen and high mountain area. Due to poor weather conditions including common heavy cloud cover at polar latitudes, and because of its cost, daily satellite imaging is not always accessible. Besides, fast events like flood or blanket of snow is ignored by satellite based studies, since the slowest sampling rate is unable to observe it. We complement satellite imagery with a set of ground based autonomous automated digital cameras which take 3 pictures a day. These pictures form a huge database. Each picture needs many processing to extract the information (geometric modifications, atmospheric disturbances, classification, etc). Only computer science is able to store and manage all this information. Cloud computing, being more accessible in the last few years, offers as services IT resources (computing power, storage, applications, etc.). The storage of the huge geographical data could, in itself, be a reason to use cloud computing. But in addition to its storage space, cloud offers an easy way to access , a scalable architecture and a modularity in the services available. As part of the analysis of in situ images, cloud computing offers the possibility to set up an automated tool to process all the data despite the variety of disturbances and the data volume. Through decomposition of image processing in several tasks, implemented as web services, the composition of these services allows us to adapt the treatment to the conditions of each of the data.

Facilitar o gerenciamento e o acesso a sistemas de alto desempenho vem sendo uma área de pesquisa explorada nos últimos anos. Isto acontece uma vez que se verifica o aumento do número de usuários, muitos pertencentes a outras áreas, como por exemplo, biologia, geologia, hidrologia, etc e, desta forma, é preciso facilitar os meios de interação destes usuários com tais sistemas, assim como melhorar as técnicas de gerenciamento dos mesmos. Além do aumento do número e da multidisciplinaridade desses usuários, existe também o fato de que grande parte deles tem acesso a diferentes tipos de sistemas de alto desempenho. Em geral, estes sistemas possuem ferramentas não padronizadas, sendo que cada uma apresenta uma interface e um conjunto de ações e comandos a serem realizados para que possam dispor de suas funcionalidades. Este trabalho propõe a definição de uma arquitetura de gerenciamento e acesso a múltiplos clusters, que seja capaz de ser facilmente extensível, transparente, interoperável e de fácil utilização configuração e manutenção. Como resultado da arquitetura proposta, foi desenvolvido um protótipo, denominado ICE - Integrated Cluster Environment. Os principais objetivos da arquitetura e do ambiente ICE são: (i) capacidade de uniformização do modo como as ferramentas de clusters são utilizadas e, também, uniformização na maneira como os clusters são acessados; (ii) transparência na forma de acesso e uso dos clusters; e (iii) capacidade de extensibilidade em dois níveis: o primeiro refere-se á extensibilidade do número de funcionalidades (serviços) providos pelo sistema e o segundo está relacionado á capacidade do sistema lidar com o uso de diferentes ferramentas que possuem a mesma funcionalidade. Além da descrição da arquitetura e do protótipo, neste trabalho, também é realizada uma avaliação do ambiente ICE. Essa avaliação foi dividida em dois momentos. O primeiro traz a comparação das características do ambiente proposto com algumas ferramentas relacionadas. No segundo momento são apresentados alguns experimentos que visam identificar o overhead inserido pelo ambiente ICE na execução das operaçõess do módulo de gerenciamento de aplicações, desenvolvido e descrito neste trabalho. / Some researches have been done over the last years in order to improve the management and access of high performance systems. One of the motivations of these researches is the continuously increase in the number of users who, not rarely, belong to other areas, such as biology, geology, hydrology, etc; so it is necessary to provide some access and also management facilities in these kinds of systems. Furthermore, the users also have access to different kinds of high performance systems, and they have to deal with distinct tools of their underlying, which are not standardize. Therefore, the users need to learn the specificities of each tool in each high performace system that they have permission to access. Aiming to solve this problem, this work proposes an architecture to provide access and management of multiple clusters with extensibility, transparance, interoperability, user-friendly, manageability and maintainability. As a result of the proposed architecture, a prototype called ICE - Integrated Cluster Environment - was developed. The main goals of the architecture and the ICE environment are: (i) the capability of uniforming the manner the cluster tools are used and accessed; (ii) cluster access and transparence use; and (iii) two extensibility levels: the first one refers to capability of extending the number of functionalities/services provided by the environment and the second one concerns to the capability of extending the number of tools, with the same functionality, the system is able to manage. Beyond the architecture and prototype description, this research presents the evaluation of ICE environment, which is divided in two parts. The first one brings the comparison of the features between ICE and some related work. The second part shows some experiments that intend to verify the overhead inserted by ICE environment when performing the tasks of the job management module, also developed and explained in this work.

O presente trabalho apresenta uma abordagem aperfeiçoada para medir similaridade entre Serviços Web Semânticos através de um algoritmo baseado em ontologia. O trabalho se trata de um aperfeiçoamento por pegar como base o algoritmo de Liu (LIU et al., 2009) e nele fazer uma pequena mudança que resulta em melhorias significativas em certos cenários. Este algoritmo utiliza informação das categorias ESPE (Entradas, Saídas, Pré-condições, Efeitos), procurando por informações presentes nessas categorias, analisando como os conceitos estão relacionados na taxonomia da ontologia. A escolha do trabalho de Liu ocorreu devido a experimentos realizados em trabalhos anteriores ao desta dissertação (MAAMAR et al., 2011)(MAAMAR et al., 2011). Nesses experimentos, foi constatado que o algoritmo não antigia um desempenho satisfatório, foi então que se levantou uma hipótese de aperfeiçoamento deste algoritmo. Experimentos realizados utilizando um conjunto de dados contendo 1083 Serviços Web Semânticos em OWL-S mostram que essa abordagem aperfeiçoada aumenta a precisão do algoritmo, diminuindo desta forma o número de falsos positivos recuperados nos resultados, mantendo uma boa revocação. Nestes experimentos, foram implementados o algoritmo original de Liu e a versão modificada apresentada nesta dissertação. Além disso, este trabalho apresenta quais parâmetros utilizar para configurar o algoritmo e atingir melhor precisão, revocação e f-measure. / The current work presents an improved approach for an ontology-based semantic web service matchmaking assessment algorithm. This work is based on Liu’s algorithm LIU et al. (2009) providing a small change which results in a significant enhancement at some scenarios. The algorithm uses information from IOPE (Inputs, Outputs, Preconditions, Effects) categories, searching for information about the concepts located in these categories, analyzing how they are related in an ontology taxonomy. Liu’s work was chosen due to experiments that were done in works previous to this dissertation (MAAMAR et al., 2011)(MAAMAR et al., 2011). During those experiments, it was realized that Liu’s algorithm did not achieve good results. Then, an hypothesis was raised for improving this algorithm. Experiments performed using a data set containing 1083 OWL-S semantic web services show that the improved approach increases the algorithm precision, diminishing the number of false positives in the retrieved results, and still having a good recall. For doing these experiments, Liu’s algorithm and this dissertation version of it were implemented. Furthermore, this work presents the parameters that were used to achieve better precision, recall and f-measure.