Dans le contexte des avions plus électriques, le potentiel de récupération d'énergie de ventilateurs de refroidissement embarqués est étudié. Ces compresseurs conventionnels, utilisés uniquement au sol, fonctionnent en autorotation libre en vol. Dans cette dernière configuration, appliquer un couple donné sur l'arbre permet de récupérer de l'énergie électrique, le ventilateur fonctionne alors en autorotation chargée (mode turbine). Cependant, ces géométries conventionnelles obtiennent de faibles rendements turbine, causés par des incidences fortement négatives conduisant à des décollements massifs. Il est alors nécessaire de concevoir une machine axiale réversible capable de fonctionner de manière duale en mode compresseur et turbine, avec une performance élevée dans les deux cas. Ce nouveau concept permet de capitaliser l’équipement tout au long de la mission. Dans cette étude, l'adéquation de l'approche quatre-quadrants et du formalisme psi-phi à propos du mode dual de turbomachines est soulignée, au détriment des représentations classiques séparant les performances compresseur et turbine. Une analyse du fonctionnement du mode compresseur à l'autorotation chargée a permis de mettre en évidence les propriétés génériques des écoulements d'autorotation ainsi que ce qui fait la spécificité des machines duales. Les mécanismes de l’écoulement et les paramètres géométriques impactant la performance le long de la ligne de fonctionnement ont également été identifiés. Le concept de machine duale est validé grâce aux grands rendements obtenus en essais. Enfin, une géométrie optimisée est proposée et des recommandations liées au design de machines duales sont données. / In the more electric aircrafts context, the in-flight windmilling operation of conventional onboard axial fans is regarded as a functioning mode that enables energy recovery. Poor turbine efficiencies of classical geometries, due to massive separations, require to design a reversible machine. The latter allows a dual compressor/turbine functioning with high performances in both modes to capitalize the equipment throughout the mission. In this study, the relevance of psi-phi formalism to multi-quadrant approach is underlined. The flow analysis from compressor to load-controlled windmill enables to highlight generic properties of windmilling flows as well as dual machines specificities. The flow mechanisms and geometrical parameters impacting the performances along the operating line are also identified. Finally, an optimized dual machine design is proposed.

In nature, it is inspiring to observe such an extensive variety of defensive skills distributed among species. The speed of an antelope, and the sting of a scorpion, wasp or a bee are some examples of such defensive tools or mechanisms important to survive against predators. However sophisticated the skills or tools are, the correct accurate use and on-time triggering of those tools is a matter of life and death for animals. With those defensive measures, animals come with a complementary ability called "vigilance". Vigilance is costly and the human tries to minimize vigilant behaviour in every aspect of life. The absence of vigilance, or negligence in other words, allows humans to spend more time and cognition on matters that he or she wants rather than on problems that need time. The human has an inherent and intricate mechanism that determine the vigilance level required for a particular problem. The consequences of the lack of vigilance in a work environment, more especially in the Information Technologies Security field are catastrophic and even lethal as humanity becomes an increasingly associated habitant of cyberspace ecosystem. Intrusion Execution Systems (IES) which is one of my conceptual propositions in this research, is my approach to reduce negligent behaviour in IT Security personnel. Impetus is the name of the first prototype for IES concept with limitations, which is included in this research. Impetus can successfully achieve desired behaviour in test environment, however the conceptual propositions in this research among with Impetus, should further be experimented in real-world in order to be convinced of its effectiveness.

No description available.

Le régulateur PID (Proportionnel-Intégral-Dérivée) est la commande par retour d'état la plus connue. Elle permet d'aborder un bon nombre de problèmes de commande, particulièrement pour des systèmes faiblement non linéaire et dont la performance requise est relativement modeste. En plus, en raison de sa simplicité, la commande PID est largement utilisée en l'industrie. Étant donnés que les méthodes de réglage de la commande PID sont basées sur la linéarisation, la synthèse d'un contrôleur autour d'un point d'équilibre est relativement simple, néanmoins, la performance sera faible dans des modes de fonctionnement loin du point d'équilibre. Pour surmonter ce désavantage, une pratique courante consiste en adapter les gains du PID, procédure connue sous le nom de séquencement de gain (ou gain-scheduling en anglais). Il y a plusieurs désavantages à cette procédure, comme la commutation des gains de la commande et la définition -non triviale- des régions de l'espace d'état dans lesquelles cette commutation aura lieu. Ces deux problèmes se compliquent quand la dynamique est fortement non linéaire. Dans d'autres méthodes, la synthèse de la commande utilise des schémas empiriques, ce qui ne permet pas l'analyse de la stabilité globale du processus. Dans ce contexte, ce travail de thèse a pour objectif de synthétiser des contrôleurs PI, basés sur la passivité, de telle sorte que la stabilité globale du système en boucle fermé soit garantie. L'un des avantages à utiliser la passivité est son attrait intuitif, qui exploite les propriétés physique des systèmes. L'idée centrale dans un système passive est que l'écoulement d'énergie entrante au système provenant de l'extérieur n'est pas inférieur à l'incrément de son énergie de stockage. Par conséquence, ces systèmes ne peuvent pas stocker plus d'énergie que celle fournie, dont la différence correspond à l'énergie dissipée. En introduisant le concept d'énergie, cette méthodologie nous permet de formuler le problème de commande en celui de trouver un système dynamique dont la fonction de stockage d'énergie prend la forme désirée. En incorporant le concept d'énergie cette méthode devient accessible à la communauté de praticiens et permets de fournir des interprétations physique de l'action de commande. Dans cette thèse, une méthodologie constructive de commande PI basée sur la passivité est présentée et motivée par des applications à des systèmes physiques. / One of the best known forms of feeding back a system is through a three-term control law called PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller. PID controllers are sufficient for many control problems, particularly when process dynamics are not highly nonlinear and the performance requirements are modest. Besides, because of its simple structure, the PID controller is the most adopted control scheme by industry and practitioners, beeing the PI the form mostly employed. Since the PI tuning methods are based on the linearization, commissioning a PI to operate around a single operating point is relatively easy, however, the performance will be below par in wide operating regimes. To overcome this drawback the current practice is to re-tune the gains of the PI controllers based on a linear model of the plant evaluated at various operating points, a procedure known as gain-scheduling. There are several disadvantages of gain-scheduling including the need to switch (or interpolate) the controller gains and the non-trivial definition of the regions in the plants state space where the switching takes place - both problems are exacerbated if the dynamics of the plant is highly nonlinear. In other common scenarios, a little information about the process dynamics or only a "good" linear approximation is taken into account when designing the control design. This impedes to analyse the global stability of the system. In this context, the current thesis work is aimed at the designing of PI controllers, based on the passivity theory, such that the stability of the closed-loop system is guarantied. One of the main advantages of passivity concepts is that they offer a physical and intuitive appeal. The primary idea in passive systems is that the power flowing into the system is not less that the increase of storage. Thus, they cannot store more energy than is supplied to it from the outside, with the difference being the dissipated energy. Thus, introducing the concept of energy, this methodology allows to recast the control problem as finding a dynamical system such that system energy function takes the desired form. Also, with this formulation, the communication between practitioners and control theorists is facilitated, incorporating prior knowledge of the system and providing physical interpretations of the control action. In this thesis, a constructive methodology for deriving PI passivity-based controllers is presented and motivated by the application to physical systems.

No description available.

近年來，創造力教育受到越來越多守門人的關注，包括企業界領袖、學者專家、政策制定者和教育工作者。另外在學術界和教育界，也有 越來越多的人接受「創造力是可以教」的觀念。因此，追求文化和社會適當的教育創新模式來實施創造力教育是非常重要的。 接觸藝術、學習藝術是培養創造力的重要途徑， 但在正式教育體制很難提供機會平等的平台時，相關的教育守門人就必須創造機會解決此一問題。Christensen、Horn與Johnson （2008、2011）也認為傳統的教育創新只是進行永續性的創新，所以他們進而提出破壞性創新的教育模式，以彌補傳統創新教育模式之不足。 本研究的目的是在探討兩個台灣表演藝術教育破壞性創新的個案：紙風車319鄉村兒童藝術工程和台北景文高中之優人神鼓表演藝術班。本研究的研究方法包括文獻分析，深度訪談和觀察。研究結果發現紙風車319鄉村兒童藝術工程的破壞性教育模式提供更多的機會讓偏遠的兒童可以接觸藝術，對他們產生正面的影響。優人神鼓表演藝術班的教育創新模式讓具有藝術興趣和才能的學生開啟創新的學習管道，一方面發展他們的藝術才情，另一方面也可以在正式教育中表現良好。 / In recent years, creativity in education has received increased attention from gatekeepers - the business leaders, scholars, policy-makers, and educators – around the world. There is also growing acceptance in the academic and educational worlds that “creativity can be taught.” Thus it is now crucial to pursue culturally and socially appropriate models for implementing creativity education. Encountering and studying the arts is an important approach to developing creativity. However, when traditional formal education systems are unable to provide an equal platform for encountering the arts, relevant gatekeepers must come up with new solutions. Christensen, Johnson, & Horn (2008; 2011) write that traditionally, educational innovation has relied on sustaining innovation, which they hold is insufficient for new educational demands today. They propose instead a model of disruptive innovation for education, which has greater potential impact on the education system, to help close the gap between educational ideals and practice. Leadbeater and Wong (2010) further categorize innovations in either formal or informal educational settings. This study examines two cases of disruptive innovation in performing arts education from Taiwan: Paper Windmill Theatre’s First Mile, Kid’s Smile 319 Townships Art Project program and the U-Theatre Performing Arts Class at Taipei Jingwen High School. The research methods employed include document analysis, in-depth interviews, and observations. The research findings conclude that the 319 Project's disruptive innovation model for informal education provided children in remote locations with opportunities to encounter the arts, making a positive impact on their lives. The disruptive innovation model for formal education used by the U-Theatre Performing Arts Class gave students with interests and potential in performing arts a channel for their abilities, both helping them develop their artistic interests and talents and enter university.

It is necessary to judge the influences of producers on the electric compounds while creating electrical energy or during the regulation of those existing. These analyses are sorted out by so called studies of connectivity. These calculations analyze the degree of connection of the producer and the standby unit during a break-down. The results of this report are several recommendations for creating such unit and succeeding steps leading to secure the stability and safety of the electric compound operation. The aim of this thesis is to discuss about software for PC solutions for static and dynamic network model, to draft power outlet into a network of generating high voltage, to complete a study of connectivity with respect to all the distortion factor, as increased voltage, inrush current at startup, flicker, harmonic currents, interference ripple, contribution to short-circuit current, reactive power control options, and demands for compensation.