À la fin du XVIIe siècle, en Europe, émerge un nouveau discours économique : le mercantilisme. S’ensuit une mainmise de plus en plus importante de l’administration royale sur l’industrie et l’économie du pays. Ce système économique domine largement la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle avant de progressivement s’essouffler face à la montée du libéralisme économique. Parmi les grandes industries de l’époque se trouve l’industrie lainière relativement dispersée sur l’ensemble du territoire. On observe tout de même une certaine concentration industrielle dans certaines généralités, principalement au nord de la France et dans le sud avec la région du Languedoc. Ces deux régions constituent les focales principales de notre étude. L’objectif est alors de comprendre comment le facteur géographique a influencé la formation et la réussite de groupes de pression dans l’industrie lainière dans un siècle d’évolution de la pensée économique. La première étude de cas porte sur le lobby lainier languedocien qui s’oppose aux privilèges économiques obtenus par les Marseillais auprès de l’administration royale. Ces derniers possèdent l’exclusivité du commerce avec la région du Levant, débouché principal de la production lainière du Languedoc. S’ensuivent alors de vives protestations et oppositions entre les deux protagonistes pour défendre les intérêts économiques de chacun. Enfin, notre seconde étude de cas nous mène à analyser les conséquences économiques de la signature du traité commercial franco-britannique en 1786. Premier traité de libre-échange entre la France et l’Angleterre, ce dernier n’est pas sans conséquence pour l’industrie lainière du nord de la France. Se forment, alors de véritables groupes de pression chez les industriels de la laine exigeant la modification du traité commercial. En réalité, cet accord matérialise une opposition entre deux groupes de pression, le premier issu d’un milieu rural vivant essentiellement de l’agriculture et le second issu d’un milieu urbain principalement industrialisé. / At the end of the 17th century, in Europe, a new economic discourse emerged: mercantilism. The result was a growing control by the royal administration over the countries’ industries and economy. This economic system dominated the first half of the 18th century before gradually weakening in the face of the rise of economic liberalism. Among the major industries at the time was the wool industry, which was relatively dispersed throughout the country. There was still a certain industrial concentration in certain généralité mainly in the north of France and in the south with the Languedoc region. These two regions constitute the main points of our study. The goal then is to understand how the geographic factor influences the formation and success of lobbies in the wool industry in a century of evolution of economic thinking. The first case study relates to the study of the wool industry in the Languedoc which opposes the economic privileges obtained by Marseille from the royal administration. The latter had exclusive rights to trade with the Levant region, the main outlet for Languedoc wool production. Huge protests and oppositions ensued between the two protagonists in order to defend the economic interests of each other. Finally, our second case study leads us to analyze the economic consequences of the signing of the Franco-British trade treaty in 1786. The latter had a huge consequence on the wool industry in the north of France. It the follow the emergence of a lobby in the wool industry demanding for a modification of the treaty. In reality this agreement materialized an opposition between two different kinds of pressure groups: the first one coming from a rural environment living primarily from agriculture; the second one coming from a mainly industrialized urban environment.

The aim of this master thesis is to design home for the residential care of elderly and disabled people in Žďár nad Sázavou. It is designed as a three-storey building with a basement. There are technical facilities, in the basement. Canteen, doctor´s office, manager‘s office and reception are located on the first floor. Second and third floor contains common premises and residential units.building has a prefabricated reinforced concrete structural framework with mineral wool thermal insulation. It is covered with an extensive green roof. Piles are designed as the foundation. Partition wall is designed from plasterboard. The project and 3D rendering were carried out in Revit and Lumion software. All structures comply with the valid standards and regulations. The building site contains also an outdoor car park and a park.

My thesis solveses the office building. The building will be located in Šumperk. It will be located near the center. The building has two floors and a partial basement floor. Ceilings are beams with ceramic inserts and reinforced concrete slabs. Vertical structure consists of a ceramic blocks in the aboveground parts and concrete blocks in the underground section. The roof is walked on vegetation. The staircase is reinforced concrete, monolithic. The entire building is insulated with mineral wool. Basement is insulated with polystyrene foam.

This thesis solves the project of materniti house in moderate terrain. Materniti house is located on the grounds numbers 1475 in the village Jezeřany - Maršovice. The building has two floors. Materniti house is designed for 60 children and 15 employees. Building serves as a pre-school institution for the education of children. The buiding has a load-bearing wall system. The outer walls, load–bearing walls and partitions are from ceramic blocks POROTHERM. Wall is insulated with mineral wool BAUMIT thickness of 100 mm. The ceilings are made of prestressed hollow panels Spiroll HCE 250 thickness of 250 mm. The roof of building is part of the aisle, made of wooden trusses with an inclination of 12°. Truss consists of hunter cased sloping roof. The second part of building consists of single-layer flat roof. The facade is part of non-ventilated and ventilated by fiber-cement boards CEMBRIT. Windows are plastic DESIGN by VEKRA. Balcony two-doors are plastic VEKRA CLASITIC VD. Entrance two-doors are wooden VEKRA NATURA 68.

The objective of this thesis is to create the documentation for building construction. Designed building is a mountain guesthouse. Building plat is located in the cadastral Poteč. Project documentation has been prepared in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and standards. The object is designed as one floor building with basement and residential loft and is fitted in sloping terrain. The building is shaped in layout L with the longest plane dimensions 40,11 x 39,05 m. Foundations are designed as strips of plain concrete. The building is designed as a wall support system. Wall system is combined of shuttering blocks filled with concrete, ceramic brick blocks and wood timbering. Roofed building is realized through the roof with a vertical stool. The ceiling above the ground floor is designed as a reinforced concrete slab ceiling and above the first floor as the timber.

The task of this diploma thesis is to suggest insulation of chosen building and evaluate difference of operation costs before and after finishing the insulation. The economic return of the investment will be focused as well.

The trend in today's civil engineering are growing demands for quality and comfort constructed buildings and spaces in them. This trend causes a change in the approach to designing buildings and building new buildings. One of the main directions great importance is attached dedicated reconstruction of buildings and their technical adjustments to meet the ever increasing demands being norms and laws. One of the most monitored parameters are thermal-technical characteristics of objects - i.e. better quality means saving on heating costs. In this connection there is a big trend of the modern construction industry and building insulation, mainly ETICS systems. Dissertation focuses on the basic (reinforced) layer of the ETICS and examines the effect of low temperatures, acting on the matter in the implementation of the system, the properties of this layer. This coating is one of the key elements of the system, which more or less determines the quality and durability of the system. The first part deals with the current state of the problem and generally insulation systems, basic types and the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. In the main part of the work is solution focused work, its objectives and methodology for testing materials using laboratory tests and are mentioned outputs of experiments in terms of results. The final section addresses the evaluation of the data and results and output for construction practice. The theme of work was also addressed in the specific research. The works are also numerical and graphical attachments to records of experiments and calculations.

This diploma thesis solves the project of four-storey, partly cellared mountain pension situated in the plant number 645/2 in the cadastral area in Deštné in Orlické hory. The building has a capacity of 44 seats to accommodate 72 persons in the restaurant and 57 persons in the wellness center. There is a wellness center with fitness room and engine room of air-conditioning system in the basement. There is an entrance hall with hotel base, restaurant, sanitary facilities and utility room with boiler room on the first floor. The second and third floor is designed for accommodation. There is an outdoor terrace of restaurant. The building has a load-bearing wall system. The load-bearing walls and the partition walls are bricked up of the porous concrete YTONG bricks and sand-lime bricks SILKA. The walls are insulated of mineral wool thickeness 200 mm and EPS Perimeter thickeness 140 mm underground section and plinth area. The ceiling structure are made of the prestressed hollow core panels spiroll thickness 250 mm and wooden beamed ceiling. There is a saddle wooden roof. The windows and the doors are made by the company Progress. The part of facade of the building is ventilated. This project is designed by the computer software ArchiCAD.

This diploma thesis is focused on design of project documentation apartment residence with wellness centre in Beskydy Mountains. It is a three floors apartment residence with wellness centre with basement, with is located in sloping plot in the village of Staré Hamry in Frýdek-Místek. Nearby are 2 ski lifts and 3 ski slopes. The whole area is very used by tourist in summer and winter season. In building is 13 apartments and they are designed to be suitable for a longer stay with one apartment is designed for people with limited mobility. Residence is possible make accommodation for 36 people. In wellness part are designed swimming pool, whirlpool, finish and infra saunas. The main disposal idea was separate an accommodation part from wellness part. The supporting system consists of two structural systems. As a main building material was in basement part used a permanent formwork from vibropressed concrete blocks and in upper floor are used ceramic block Porotherm with voids filed by hydrophobic mineral wool. Loadbearing interior basement part consist of reinforced concrete columns with make a space for parking space for cars. Ceiling construction consists of prestressed hollow core slab Spiroll. Roof is designed as a saddle roof. The main result is the correct design of the building with a correct layout design, correct structural design, architectural, energy saving and safety in use of the building.

The thesis solves the project of a kindergarten in the field of inclination 7%. The kindergarten is located on the plots number 570, st. 373, st. 374 in the village Vrané nad Vltavou. The building has two floors and one basement. The kindergarten is for 60 children and for 11 employees. The building serves as a preschool institution for raising children. The supporting structure consists of a precast concrete frame supplemented in the basement by a cast-in-place wall and a foundation slap. External walls and partitions form sand-lime bricks Sendwich. The external walls are completed with Orsilt TF Profi mineral insulation th. 280 mm. The floors are made of prestressed concrete floor slabs Spiroll PPD 256 th. 250 mm supported by T and L primary beams. The building ends with a could extensive green roof. The slope and space for the blow-in insulation Climatizer Plus uses Steico Joist 400 I-beams. Windows are wooden frame Optiwin Purista and doors are Optiwin Entrada.