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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Eine phonetisch-phonologische Fehleranalyse von Monophthongen und Diphthongen zur Differenzierung der Sprechapraxie von der aphasisch-phonologischen Störung

Augustin, Juliane Irina Antje 11 May 2020 (has links)
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die zugrunde liegende Frage, ob die Sprechapraxie und die aphasisch-phonologische Störung anhand phonetischer Entstellungen und phonematischer Paraphasien bei Diphthongen und Monophthongen voneinander unterschieden werden können. Ergänzend werden messphonetische Daten wie Vokal- und Wortdauern, der erste und zweite Vokalformant und die Voice Onset Time bei stimmlosen Plosiven im Silbenanlaut vergleichend herangezogen. Dazu werden drei Gruppen à vier Probanden untersucht: Gruppe SAX (mit Sprechapraxie), Gruppe APH (mit aphasisch-phonologischer Störung) und Gruppe NOM (sprachgesunde Kontrollgruppe). Es wird ein Nachsprechtest von 104 deutschen, meist monomorphematischen, einsilbigen Nomina, 52 einfache (CVC) und 52 komplexe (CCVC und CVCC) Silben, durchgeführt. Jeder Vokal wird durch acht meist unterschiedliche Wörter überprüft. Die Reaktionen werden mit dem phonetischen Analyseprogramm „Praat“ (Version 5.2.22, Boersma & Weenink, 1992–2011) segmentiert sowie ohren- und messphonetisch analysiert. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgt mit R (R Foundation) und R Studio (Version 0.98.1103, 2009–2014). Die Ergebnisse liefern Hinweise auf störungsspezifische Fehler bzw. Pathomechanismen der Sprechapraxie. Die Gruppe SAX produziert signifikant mehr phonetische Entstellungen bei Monophthongen und Diphthongen sowie signifikant längere Wortdauern als die Gruppe APH. In der Gruppe SAX sind einige Vokale nur teilweise entstellt, wie z. B. initial atypisch behauchte oder gerundete Vokale. Auch zeigen sich die Formantwerte in der Gruppe SAX variabler als in der Gruppe APH und der Gruppe NOM. Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf ein angenommenes Timing-Defizit bei der Planung und Kontrolle sprechmotorischer Bewegungen der Sprechapraxie. / This study analyses the underlying question if it is possible to distinguish apraxia of speech (SAX) and phonemic aphasia (APH) by phonetic distortions and phonological paraphasia of monophthongs and diphthongs. Phonetic measurements like the duration of vowels and words, the Voice Onset Time of voiceless plosives in the onset of syllables and the first and second formant will be analyzed as well. Three groups of four subjects are studied: Group SAX (no/mild aphasia), group APH (without apraxia of speech), group NOM (without any speech disorder). A repetition task comprising 104 German mostly monomorphemic, monosyllabic nouns, 52 simple (CVC) and 52 complex (CCVC and CVCC) syllables, is performed. Each of the vowels is tested in eight mostly different words. The reactions will be segmented, phonetically measured, and analyzed by ear with the help of the program “Praat” (Version 5.2.22, Boersma & Weenink, 1992–2011). The statistical analysis is conducted with R (The R Foundation), within the “R-Studio” software suite (Version 0.98.1103, 2009–2014). The results show some indications of failures and pathological mechanisms of apraxia of speech. Group SAX produces significantly more phonetic distorted monophthongs and diphthongs and significantly longer word durations than group APH. Some vowels are just partly distorted, for example, in form of atypical initial aspirated or rounded monophthongs. Also the formants show greater variability in group SAX than in groups APH and NOM. The results suggest a timing deficit during planning and control of speech movements in apraxia of speech.
2

Phonetic And Acoustic Analyses Of Two New Cases Of Foreign Accent Syndrome

Perkins, Rosalie 01 January 2007 (has links)
This study presents detailed phonetic and acoustic analyses of the speech characteristics of two new cases of Foreign Accent Syndrome (FAS). Participants include a 48-year-old female who began speaking with an "Eastern European" accent following a traumatic brain injury, and a 45-year-old male who presented with a "British" accent following a subcortical cerebral vascular accident (CVA). Identical samples of the participants' pre- and post-morbid speech were obtained, thus affording a new level of control in the study of Foreign Accent Syndrome. The speech tasks consisted of oral readings of the Grandfather Passage and 18 real words comprised of the stop consonants /p/, /t/, /k/, /b/, /d/, /g/ combined with the peripheral vowels /i/, /a/ and /u/ and ending in a voiceless stop. Computer-based acoustic measures included: 1) voice onset time (VOT), 2) vowel durations, 3) whole word durations, 4) first, second and third formant frequencies, and 5) fundamental frequency. Formant frequencies were measured at three points in the vowel duration: a) 20%, b) 50%, and c) 80% to assess differences in vowel 'onglides' and 'offglides'. The phonetic analysis provided perceptual identification of the major phonetic features associated with the foreign quality of participant's FAS speech, while acoustic measures allowed precise quantification of these features. Results indicated evidence of backing of consonant and vowel productions for both participants. The implications for future research and clinical applications are also considered.

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