Persistent intense yearning for the deceased is a core clinical feature of complicated grief (CG) that distinguishes it from other mental disorders that develop following loss. The Yearning in Situations of Loss Scale (YSL) is a recently developed assessment of yearning. To assess the psychometric properties of the YSL in those with CG, we administered the YSL, Inventory of Complicated Grief, and Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomatology to 303 treatment-seeking bereaved adults with CG. Our results suggest the YSL is a reliable assessment with acceptable convergent and discriminant validity as a measure of yearning in those with CG.

L'étude des facteurs psychosociaux qui déterminent les comportements liés à la création d'entreprise est essentielle à l'explication de l'intention entrepreneuriale et du processus cognitif de sa transformation en action. Dans cette perspective nous nous sommes intéressés à la dynamique personnelle impliquée dans les conduites de création d'entreprise. Trois catégories de personnes ont participé à cette étude : les étudiants, les entrepreneurs en création et les entrepreneurs actifs. Cela nous a permis de contourner la difficulté méthodologique liée à la réalisation d'une observation longitudinale. A partir de la littérature internationale sur le sujet, nous présentons l'entrepreneuriat comme un processus téléologique qui s'élabore dans le temps. Ainsi, nous avons construit un modèle d'analyse par équations structurales établissant les liens entre les variables déterminantes de l'intention entrepreneuriale, les variables intermédiaires en particulier en référence au modèle du comportement planifié, à celui de Gollwitzer sur les phases de l'action et à Kuhl sur le contrôle de l'action et les conduites de création d'entreprise. Nos résultats nous ont permis de proposer un modèle théorique dit de la hiérarchisation de la mobilisation des capacités volitionnelles. Son postulat est semblable à celui de la théorie des besoins de Maslow. Toutefois, contrairement à la pyramide des besoins, nous faisons l'hypothèse d'une remobilisation possible des capacités volitionnelles d'une phase inférieure du processus / The study of psychosocial factors which determine the behaviors associated with business creation is essential to the explanation of entrepreneurial intention and of the cognitve process of its transformation into action. At this prospect, we have been interested in the personal dynamics involved in business creation management. Three professional categories have participated in this study : students, entrepreneurs in creating and active entrepreneurs. This has allowed us to get around the methodological difficulties related to the achievement of a longitudinal observation. On the basis of international literature on the subject, entrepreneurship can be presented as a teleological process that develops over time. Thus, we have constructed a model of analysis by structural equations establishing the relationship between the determining variables of the entrepreneurial intention, the intermediate variables, especially in reference of the theory of planned behavior, to that of Gollwitzer on the phases of action and that of Kuhl on the control of action and business creating management. Our results have allowed us to propose a theoretical model so called hierarchical organization of the mobilization of volitional capacities. Its premise is similar to Maslow's theory of needs. However, contrary to the pyramid of needs, we make the hypothesis of a possible remobilization of volitional capacities of a lower phase of the process.

Complicated grief, or persistent complex bereavement disorder, is a condition that affects approximately 10% of bereaved individuals and is marked by intense longing and yearning for the deceased. Little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms contributing to this syndrome, but previous research suggests that reward pathways in the brain may play a role. The present study was designed with this theory in mind, aiming to understand reward processing in those experiencing complicated and non-complicated grief as well as to differentiate the "wanting" and "liking" phases of reward processing in bereavement. Twenty-five older adults were categorized based on grief severity into one of three groups: complicated grief (CG), non-complicated grief (NCG) and non-bereaved married controls (NB). Neural activation was examined using fMRI while participants viewed a countdown on the screen (anticipation) followed by a photo of their (living or deceased) spouse. There was no significantly differential activation between the three groups for the spouse v. stranger photo contrast, nor for anticipation period v. spouse photo. However, these two contrasts were also run separately in the three groups. Each group produced significant activation, in similar and distinct regions, primarily associated with emotion and visual processing. In addition, post-hoc analyses were conducted using self-reported yearning scores as a regressor across all bereaved participants, which revealed that greater symptoms of yearning predicted greater activation in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). This region of the brain has been previously linked to depression and suggests that symptoms of yearning may present an opportune place to intervene to improve outcomes in CG.

This diploma thesis explores the lyrical poetry of Eduard Mörike (1804-1875), a German poet. The topic of the thesis is theencountering of nature and love in his works. This poet, less known in the Czech context, wrote various kinds of poems, which deserve attention. The thesis is divided in two parts, theoretical and interpretative. In the first part, the thesis focuses on giving an overall context (I deal with a historical context, literary epochs, during which Eduard Mörike wrote, his personality and general introduction in lyrical poetry). The second part of my thesis aims to interpret selected poems, which are divided bytheir themes: romantic love, the morning, wayfaring, the forest and the so-called "Dinggedichte," or poems focusing on understanding and appreciation of a single item. In each poem, a mood or feeling that characterizes the poem is described, who is the speaker within the poem, and which topics of love and nature can be observed. From the perspective of form, I analyze the rhyme scheme. The analysis of each thematic group also contains a comparation of the poems. The interpretational part aims to connect and evaluate the interweaving of love and nature in the poetic works of Eduard Mörike and touch upon the deeper meaning of the poems. Its aim is also to make the selected works...

Ce mémoire porte sur dix-huit femmes ayant choisi de donner naissance en dehors du milieu hospitalier, assistées par une sage-femme. Des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été mené auprès d’elles afin d’en faire ressortir un portrait global de qui elles sont dans leur globalité, en laissant le maximum de place aux émotions et en laissant libre cours à leur récit de vie. C’est ensuite par une analyse rétrospective traversant différentes dimensions impliquées dans les parcours de vie, soit la dimension temporelle, relationnelle et médicale, que nous avons pu en apprendre davantage sur les aspirations qui les ont menées au suivi sagefemme, en plus d’approfondir le vécu de l’accouchement et les nouvelles implications périnatales de ces femmes. Cette enquête fait ressortir des similitudes et différences parmi les interrogés, qui se déclineront selon trois idéaux types, les « expertes », les « alternatives » et les « déçues ». / This thesis focuses on eighteen women who chose to give birth outside the hospital, assisted by a midwife. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with them in order to bring out a global portrait of who they are in their entirety, leaving the maximum space for emotions and giving free rein to their life story. It was then through a retrospective analysis through different dimensions involved in the life course, dimensions temporal, relational and medical, that we were able to learn more about the yearnings that led to midwifery follow-up, in addition to deepening the experience of childbirth and the new perinatal implications of these women. This survey reveals similarities and differences among respondents, which will be broken down into three ideal types, the "experts", the "alternatives" and the "disappointed".