Revision of author's thesis (Ph. D.)--Universiṭat Tel-Aviv, 1985. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 417-430) and indexes.

Thesis--Université de Genève. / Bibliography: p. 325-336.

Orientador: Omar Ribeiro Thomaz / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T02:26:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Weiss_BarbaraOdebrecht_M.pdf: 902732 bytes, checksum: c67f64266104ece1705b44c4d41acda7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa investiga o debate que se desenrolou em torno de qual língua deveria ser adotada como língua nacional judaica, tal como ele se apresentou em três periódicos sionistas de língua alemã: Ost und West, Palaestina e Die Welt. O período que vai do Primeiro Congresso Sionista, sediado em Basiléia no ano de 1897 até a antevéspera da Primeira Guerra Mundial, foi marcado primeiro pela multiplicidade de posições acerca da questão. À medida que se aproximava o 'Conflito do Technikum' na Palestina nos anos de 1913-1914, o movimento convergiu para a 'guinada hebraísta', ao fim da qual as vozes contrárias ao hebraico, em sua maioria a favor do ídiche, foram silenciadas. A 'guinada hebraísta' coincidiu em larga medida com a perda da proeminência que os judeus alemães sofreram no movimento sionista, em favor de uma vanguarda dominada por judeus da Europa oriental. Para compreender as representações que comparecem ao debate no referido período, analisam-se os significados que estiveram atrelados à incorporação dos judeus alemães às suas sociedades de entorno desde muito antes da idéia do moderno sionismo. Este processo, que teve também uma repercussão de capital importância no leste europeu, esteve marcado pela busca por adequação, em especial lingüística, bem como por constantes investidas anti-semitas. É neste contexto que se gestaram as representações que comparecem ao debate nos periódicos e que em alguma medida ainda pautam o debate atual sobre o destino de cada uma das línguas. / Abstract: The present research investigates the debate about what language should be adopted as the Jewish national language. Three German periodicals of early Zionism are focused: Ost und West, Palaestina e Die Welt. The beginning of the period ranging between the First Zionist Congress in Basel (1987) and First World War, showed a great diversity of positions. Yet as the 'Battle of the Technikum' (1913-1914) approached, the positions coalesced into the 'Hebraist turn'. By the end of the period all voices raised against the Hebrew language - most of them favoring Yiddish - had been silenced. The 'Hebraist turn' corresponded to the loss of the German-Jewish's prominent role within the movement. They were replaced by a vanguard dominated by Jews of Eastern Europe. With the intent of understanding the representations found in this debate, the research proposes an analysis of the meanings attached to the incorporation of the German Jews to the surrounding societies, long before the emergence of modern Zionism. This crucial process, also because of its repercussion in the East, has been characterized, on the one hand, by the wish to adapt, specially in the linguistic realm, and on the other hand, by constant anti-Semitic attacks. It is in this specific context that the periodicals' representations were formed. They also inform much of the present debate about the language's destinies. / Mestrado / Antropologia Histórica, Estudos Judaicos / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o conceito de individualidade dentro das representações literárias de perspectiva ideológica sionista e os seus desdobramentos na formação social israelense tendo como referência dois textos da literatura hebraica: Efraim volta à alfafa, de S. Izehar e Uma certa paz, de Amós Oz. A partir do conceito de individualidade proposto por Adorno, analisaremos a hipótese de que o caráter particular do novo hebreu constrói-se mediante a sua subjugação a uma sociedade autoritária que o transforma em sujeito esfacelado e frustrado ao lançar sobre ele a centelha de um pensamento que o divide entre si e o mundo. / The aim of this project is to investigate the concept of individuality within the literary representations of the Zionist ideological perspective and its consequences in Israeli social formation with reference to two texts of Hebrew literature: Efraim goes back to alfafa of S.Izehar and A perfect peace of Amos Oz. Based on the concept of individuality proposed by Adorno, I analyse the hypothesis that the particular character of the New Hebrew Man is built upon his subjugation to an authoritarian society that transforms its members and turns them into shattered and frustrated individuals by means of a system of thought that establishes a divide between themselves and the world.

AFRIKAANS : Waar die meeste nasies in die wêreld hul aanspraak op `n eie land baseer op besetting of verowering deur hul voorgeslagte, baseer die Jode hulle aanspraak op die land Israel op godsdienstige, historiese en politieke gronde. Hierin speel die Hebreeuse Bybel (TeNaK) `n sentrale rol. Twee Ou Testamentiese verbonde, die Abrahamitiese verbond en die Deuteronomiese (Land-van-Israel/Palestina) verbond, vorm die basis hiervan. Die aanname dat die Jode van vandag `n voortsetting van Bybelse Israel is en gevolglik aanspraak op hierdie verbondsbeloftes kan maak, asook God se doel met die insluiting van die land Israel in Sy verbond met Abraham en die rol van die land in die verhouding tussen Hom en Sy uitverkore volk, ondersteun Jode se godsdienstige aansprake. Vanuit `n historiese perspektief word aangevoer dat die Jode `n teenwoordigheid in die land behou het sedert die Israeliete se inname van die land Kanaän tot en met vandag, ten spyte daarvan dat die land deur die geskiedenis heen deur verskeie wêreldryke beheer is. In aansprake op politieke gronde word verwys na die aanbevelings van die Verenigde Nasies wat die gebied met die Partisieplan amptelik verdeel het in `n Joodse en Arabiese gedeelte; waarna Israel in 1948 die Joodse staat afkondig het. Hoewel Christene nie aanspraak maak op die land Israel nie, het hulle wel bepaalde sienings oor Israel, die Jode en Joodse aansprake op die land. In `n Christelik-teologiese evaluering van hierdie aansprake, blyk dit dat verskille met die Joodse beskouinge in hoofsaak te doen het met die godsdienstige aansprake omdat die betekenis van die term Bybel vir Jode en Christene verskil. Onder Christene is daar ook nie eenstemmigheid oor wát die Bybel is en hoe dit vertolk behoort te word nie. Twee breë denkrigtings binne die Christelike geloof, Vervangingsteologie en Christen-Sionisme, bied verskillende sieninge in dié verband. Die konflik in die Midde-Ooste raak elke persoon, afgesien van sy godsdienstige affiliasie of afwesigheid daaraan. Vanuit `n bepaalde Christelik-teologiese perspektief is `n alternatiewe beskouing aangebied om die spirituele, eerder as die oënskynlike sekulêre en politieke aard daarvan, te beklemtoon. Israel se oorspronklike roeping om verlossing aan die wêreld te bring is ondersoek, terwyl die werkbaarheid van `n Twee-party-staat as oplossing vir vrede in die streek in die lig hiervan, bespreek is. Die aktualiteit en doel van die studie is daarin geleë dat inligting aan Christenlesers gebied word sodat `n ingeligte standpunt oor die aangeleentheid geformuleer kan word. ENGLISH : While most of the nations of the world claim the right to their own country as a result of occupation or conquest, the Jews claim the right to the land of Israel on religious, historical and political grounds. In this regard the Hebrew Bible (TaNaK) plays a central role. Two Old Testament covenants, the Abrahamic covenant and the Deuteronomic (Land of Israel/Palestine) covenant, form the basis of this claim. The assumption that the Jews of today are a continuance of the Biblical Israelites and consequently can lay claim to these covenants, God’s purpose for the inclusion of the land in His covenant with Abraham, as well as the role of the land in His relationship between Him and His chosen people, support these Jewish religious claims. From a historical perspective it is put forward that the Jews have maintained a presence in the land since the Israelites captured the land of Canaan up to and including the present, despitethe fact that the country has been ruled throughout history by various other powers of the world. In claims on political grounds one is referred to the recommendations of the United Nations which, according to the Partition Plan, divided the country into Jewish and Arab parts. Israel then, in 1948, declared the State of Israel. Although Christians do not lay claim to the land of Israel, they have indeed distinct views concerning Israel, the Jews and Jewish claims to the land. In a Christian-theological evaluation of these claims it appears that the differences with the Jewish views have mainly to do with religious claims because the meaning of the term Bible differs for Jews and Christians. Among Christians too there is also no unanimity about what the Bible is and how it should be interpreted. Two broad schools of thought within Christians beliefs, Replacement Theology and Christians-Zionism, present different views in this regard. The conflict in the Middle East affects every person, irrespective of his religious affiliation or absence of it. From a specific Christian-theological perspective, an alternative opinion is given to emphasise the spiritual, rather than the apparent secular and political nature. Israel’s original mission to bring redemption to the world is examined and the feasibility of a Two-party-state as a solution for peace in the land is discussed in this respect. The actuality and purpose of the study is to give the relevant information to Christian readers so that an informed opinion concerning the subject can be made. / Dissertation (MA(Theology))--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Science of Religion and Missiology / unrestricted

The master thesis discusses Czechoslovak-Israelis relations in years 1948 -- 1953. The paper describes a wobble in Czechoslovak foreign policy, which initially diplomatically and materially supported the formation of State Israel in post-war years and in a period closely after the communistic putsch in the Czechoslovak republic. Later, the relation between states was described like unfriendly. The paper attends the particular aspects of declining cooperation -- questions of emigration, ordnance supply, diplomatically relations and pressure of political trials to correlation. In fine, it could be resume that the Czechoslovak republic turned its traditional policy of friendship to Jews at Soviet commands. Czechoslovakia brought in elements of anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism to interrelationship. The paper ends in the year 1953, when the hostile relations between both states were accomplished.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o conceito de individualidade dentro das representações literárias de perspectiva ideológica sionista e os seus desdobramentos na formação social israelense tendo como referência dois textos da literatura hebraica: Efraim volta à alfafa, de S. Izehar e Uma certa paz, de Amós Oz. A partir do conceito de individualidade proposto por Adorno, analisaremos a hipótese de que o caráter particular do novo hebreu constrói-se mediante a sua subjugação a uma sociedade autoritária que o transforma em sujeito esfacelado e frustrado ao lançar sobre ele a centelha de um pensamento que o divide entre si e o mundo. / The aim of this project is to investigate the concept of individuality within the literary representations of the Zionist ideological perspective and its consequences in Israeli social formation with reference to two texts of Hebrew literature: Efraim goes back to alfafa of S.Izehar and A perfect peace of Amos Oz. Based on the concept of individuality proposed by Adorno, I analyse the hypothesis that the particular character of the New Hebrew Man is built upon his subjugation to an authoritarian society that transforms its members and turns them into shattered and frustrated individuals by means of a system of thought that establishes a divide between themselves and the world.

This dissertation combines affect, race, history and colonial studies to examine the process of Christian othering of Jews in Europe since the Protestant Reformation, with a focus on the narrative of honor that was used to depict European Jews as lacking it. While the ways Jews were portrayed and constructed have changed as Europe redefined itself through the subsequent centuries, following the Protestant Reformation, this dissertation points out that the essence of Christian perception and depiction of Jews as dishonorable remained unchanged. This study traces how this depiction emerges in French Christian and anti-Semitic representations through a reading of French religious and non-religious texts that have come to gradually produce French Jews, first as a people and then as an ethnic collectivity that does not belong among other nations, all within a narrative of honor. The claim that Jews lack honor came to be internalized subsequently by Zionist Jewish writers and leaders and was spread in Zionist Jewish literature. In providing a history of the constructed social, political, religious and cultural phenomenon of the dishonorable Jew, this dissertation intervenes in the discussions surrounding subjectivity in Zionist thought and how it internalized and adopted the notion of the dishonorable Jew by safeguarding and appropriating Christian and secular Zionist and anti-Semitic sentiments of contempt, disdain, shame and superiority over Diaspora Jews.

This work deals with the evolution of the topics of Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism in Czechoslovakia between the years 1945-1953. It is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the definition of the concepts of Zionism, Anti-Zionism and Anti-Semitism, thus comprising the theoretical framework of the thesis. The second part analyzes the political historical developments in the era of 1945-1953, during which the Communist Party seizes power. Described here is also the importance of the establishment of the State of Israel in the context of the development of Soviet-Israeli relations and Czechoslovak-Israeli relations. These relations later developed the attitudes towards the Jewish communities. In the third part, the work deals with the stance of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia towards Jews. It views the stance as an overlapping combination of Anti-Semite and Anti-Zionist positions, which culminates in the political trials of the 1950s. It also shows an interesting contrast whereas during that same time, the Communists allowed the grand re-opening of the Pinkas Synagogue Memorial, honoring the victims of the Holocaust. The interplay between the Communists and Jews was neither wholly positive, nor entirely negative; both sides of the stance can be demonstrated. They are influenced by...

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