The diploma project is focused on identifying the descriptive characters of the hosta genus. Its result is a descriptor that consists of thirty-two features divided into three sections based on morphological, biological and economic attributes. In view of the fact that hosta is valued principally for its decorative leaves, attention within searching for descriptive features was paid mainly to them and to a general description of the plant.

No description available.

Buk lesní (Fagus sylvatica L.) je nejvýznamnější listnatou dřevinou České republiky. V minulých letech se jeho zastoupení velmi snížilo v důsledku nešetrné těžby, přírodních disturbancí a následně hlavně změnou lesního hospodaření, kdy se upřednostňovaly především jehličnaté dřeviny smrk ztepilý (Picea abies) a borovice lesní (Pinus sylvestris). Provenienční výzkum se, díky jejich preferování při pěstování, nejprve věnoval hlavně jehličnatým dřevinám, až v pozdější době se zaměřuje i na dřeviny listnaté. V současné době se naše lesní hospodářství k buku znovu vrací a jeho zastoupení se v našich lesích pomalu opět zvyšuje. Úkolem diplomové práce je provedení terénního šetření na provenienční výzkumné ploše VÚLHM Strnady č. 82 Jíloviště, Baně ve věku 34 let (zjištění počtu rostoucích jedinců, tloušťkového a výškového růstu, tvárnosti kmene, větvení, úhlu větví, tloušťky větví), zjištěná a naměřená data statisticky zpracovat a vyhodnotit rozdíly mezi testovanými proveniencemi buku lesního. V první části práce je zpracována literární rešerše, zaměřena na provenienční výzkum buku lesního, v další části jsou statisticky zpracovány kvantitativní a kvalitativní znaky zjišťované na výzkumné ploše. V poslední části jsou vyhodnocená data porovnávána s daty z minulých let.

The diploma thesis was focused on the heritability or the heredity of the qualitative and quantitative features of the plant - grapevine. Based on selected Merzling x F-7 offspring, traits of herdiness were observed for both grapes and leaves. Finally, selected offspring were evaluated for the character's heritability.

Abstrakt I'm introducing the presentation which evaluates the effect of species, location and annuality to the basic technological characteristics of malting barley ( crude protein content in grain of barley, wort extract content , relative extract at 45 ° C , diastatic power , final attenuation , friabilitity , the content of beta - glucans in wort and wort viscosity ) . The kind of species affected more than 50 % and more of the friability and beta-glucans ,and more than 40 % relative diastatic power of the extract at 45 ° C and the attainable degree of fermentation. Extract in the wort was affected by species only from 22%. The location affected mostly a crude protein content (26 %). The content of the extract in the wort was significantly influenced by annuality (42 %). The known relationships between the relative extract at 45 ° C and Kolbach's number, friability and content of beta - glucan in wort , crude protein extract and wort, were confirmed again . Also, very strong correlations were found between characters showing the cytolytic and proteolytic modification.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This thesis includes experimental period 2014. In this work were evaluated 13 genotypes and 9 varieties of apple hybrids which was bred on Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd. In this case was evaluated resistance against two diseases: apple scab (Venturia inequalis Cke. Wint.) and Powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha Ell.et. Ewerk). Most of the genotypes and the varieties were moderately damaged strupovitostí Apple, thanks to the high average annual precipitation. The most susceptible genotypes and species were HL 18, HL 91, HL 204, HL 384, ' Flordika ' and ' Dima '. Apple powdery mildew is the most effect for genotype HL 204, HL 211, HL 623, HL 1132, 'Mivibe','Pidi' and 'Zita'. On growth and forage were evaluated by the characters. At the next step were evaluated growth and harvesting characters. At the end were assesed the organoleptic characters by tasting.

The present study focused on different types of hybridization and their impacts on compare reproductive features (fertilization rate and hatching rate) and, fitness-related traits such as growth rate, cumulative survival rate, critical swimming speeds and specific growth rate in different sturgeon species, as well as level of heterozygosity among sturgeon hybrids and purebreds using set of microsatellite loci. Production of intraspecific hybrids between different populations is one of the effective strategy in aquaculture in order to obtain better offspring. Additionally, it is pivotal to monitor the genetic condition of the stocks before producing hybrids. The population genetic analysis of Danube and Volga population of sterlet showed that both the populations are genetically divergent. Additionally it revealed the gene diversity and level of heterozygosity was high in Danube population compared to Volga population. The intraspecific hybrids produced between Danube and Volga sterlet were subjected to performance tests. The significant effects of hybrid vigor were recorded in terms of average weight and cumulative survival of produced hybrids as well as reproductive features like fertilization rate and hatching rate. The results from critical swimming speed in changing temperatures assessments revealed no significant differences among the purebred and hybrid crosses which indicated no effect of intraspecific hybridization on critical swimming speed in juvenile stage. The mean number of alleles and level of heterozygosity was significantly higher in one of the reciprocal hybrid. This suggests us that it is not just production of hybrids but it is always necessary to take the position of the individual population in a hybridization matrix. Detailed investigation of fitness-related traits (growth rate and cumulative survival) in purebreds of Russian sturgeon and Siberian sturgeon and their interspecific hybrids were undertaken. Russian sturgeon and Siberian sturgeon belongs to same ploidy level (Recent tetraploids). Our results revealed both the hybrids (reciprocal) performed better than both the parent species in one of the fitness-related traits examined. One of the hybrid (Russian sturgeon × Siberian sturgeon) recorded best growth rate and its reciprocal hybrid recorded the best survival rate (Siberian sturgeon × Russian sturgeon). Although no significant difference was observed in the heterozygosity levels among the purebred and hybrid crosses, the mean number of alleles was significantly higher in Siberian sturgeon × Russian sturgeon hybrid. Experimental interbreeding of sturgeon species (sterlet and Siberian sturgeon) bearing different ploidy levels and chromosome numbers, followed by molecular investigation of obtained progeny and examination of fitness-related traits revealed one of the hybrid performed better than purebreds. Additionally the heterozygosity levels were significantly high in one of the hybrid. The general rule of the negative interaction which could occur between the parental genes with different ploidy and its apparent impact on the intergeneric hybrid genome was not supported in our study. Therefore, given the evidences and observations provided by this study in controlled conditions, the above mentioned intraspecific and interspecific hybrids could be suggested for intensive aquaculture and might be also suitable for polyculture stocks. With respect to the growth properties of the monitored hybrids, these hybrids may present a significant competitive risk for wild populations of pure sturgeon species, in the event of their release into wild. Added to that, due to the easy hybridization of sturgeons in aquaculture conditions, as well as in natural waters, presents a considerable potential for this issue for further scientific research aimed at using different types of hybrids in aquaculture, as well as their impact on pure species in natural waters.