在臺灣，近幾年同性婚姻與多元成家的議題持續熱議，而在更之前關於優生保健法中墮胎條文的修法爭議亦是持續不斷。無論是反對同性婚姻或是反對墮胎的陣營絕大多數都是宗教團體，宗教似乎一直與「保守」這個詞聯想在一起，本文即探討宗教與保守之間的關係。
本文的研究方法是以世界價值觀調查（World Values Survey; WVS）2006年與2012年臺灣所執行調查的資料做統計上的分析，檢視宗教信仰與保守態度之間的關係。談論到保守主義時，性別平等、墮胎、同性戀這三個議題常被提出來討論，本文將此三個議題作為主要的研究重點，探討臺灣宗教信徒對三個議題的態度為何？偏自由或偏保守？宗教信仰者是否比無宗教信仰者更保守？統計分析以外，並且進一步以文獻分析方式探討臺灣在這些議題上的進展，整理出政府與民間倡議團體（包括宗教團體）的政策與立場方針，以及宗教在面臨到性別平等、墮胎、同性戀的議題時，有什麼回應？試圖探討宗教信徒身處在何種社會環境背景下，能否與他們的態度做一對照。
「有宗教信仰者比無宗教信仰者保守」，本文的研究並沒有能夠完全證實這點。但可以確定的是，不同的宗教信仰對議題的保守程度不一，在某些情形中，有宗教信仰者不一定比無宗教信仰者更為保守。不過大體上，虔誠度愈高的人愈傾向保守。此外，社會環境上的變化，會影響宗教對經典或教義的詮釋，而信仰者也可能產生態度上的變化。
從本文的研究來看，臺灣在多元宗教信仰的脈絡之下，不同的宗教對於議題的保守程度不一；並且宗教道德會影響信仰者的保守態度，宗教信仰愈虔誠的人愈保守。 / In Taiwan, there has been a hot debate on same-sex marriage and diverse family formation in recent years. Before then, there also have been many discussions about the controversy of Genetic Health Law. Most of religion groups side against homosexuality and abortion. Religion often seems to be associated with conservatism. This research attempts to discuss the relationship between religion and conservatism in Taiwan in 21th century.
This research uses the data of World Values Survey, which was implemented in Taiwan in 2006 and 2012, and do a statistical analyze on religion and conservative attitude. When it comes to conservatism, the three issues: gender equality, abortion, and homosexuality are usually mentioned. This research is centered on these three issues, trying to observe religious people’s attitudes toward the three issues. Would there attitudes tend to be liberal or conservative? Are religious people more conservative than non-believers? Besides to statistical analysis, this research also analyses the development of the three issues, the policy or standpoint of government and advocacy groups, and religion’s response to those issues, trying to discusses the social background and surroundings that religious people live upon and compare to their attitudes.
This research could not confirm that religious people are more conservative than non-believers. However, this research indicates that the level of conservative attitude vary with different religions. In some cases, religious people are not more conservative than non-believers. But generally speaking, people with higher religiosity tend to be more conservative. In addition, the changes of society would influence religion’s interpretation of classics or doctrines, and believers may change their attitudes.
This research indicates that in the context of multiple religions in Taiwan, religious people’s attitudes toward those issues vary with different religions. Also, religion morality would influence believers’ conservative attitudes, and people with higher religiosity tend to be more conservative.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G1002520061 |
| Creators | 張若眉, Chang, Jo Mei |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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