本研究的主要目的是探討不同的報紙在報導爭議性政治新聞時，如何實踐客觀報導原則，以及不同政黨立場的報紙在爭議性政治新聞的事實建構上是否呈現差異。研究以「319槍擊案」事件為個案分析，並採用內容分析法及框架分析進行實證資料探討。
在客觀報導部份，本研究從文獻檢閱的過程中歸納出五項客觀報導原則，包括倒金字塔式純淨新聞形式、平衡報導、消息來源可追溯性、中性陳述的新聞呈現方式，以及中立的新聞立場等。研究發現，各報在報導「319槍擊案」事件時，特稿、新聞分析等表達意見的新聞形式，以及夾議夾敘的純淨新聞比例相當高，同時，各報也經常引用不明確或匿名的消息來源，不符合客觀報導原則。各報在報導「319槍擊案」事件時，新聞立場上呈現明顯差異。被認為傾向泛綠陣營的報紙，均採取有利於泛綠陣營的立場；相對的，被認為傾向於泛藍陣營的報紙，則採取不利於泛綠陣營的新聞立場。因此，新聞立場似乎是衡量不同報紙實踐客觀報導的最適當標準。
在事實建構部份，本研究以框架分析探討不同政黨立場的報紙對新聞主題、消息來源策略和新聞框架的選擇，發現各報傾向以爭議性的新聞主題建構「319槍擊案」的新聞事實，而不同政黨立場的報紙即使選擇同樣的新聞框架，在框架論點上仍呈現出與其政黨立場相符的新聞事實。在消息來源方面，除了蘋果日報，其餘四家報紙在一則新聞中同時引用對當事人陳水扁、呂秀蓮持正面與負面立場的消息來源之比例很低。各報在處理正反意見時，多半以兩則新聞在版面上並陳的區隔方式來呈現，而非傳統新聞學強調在同一則新聞中呈現正反意見的形式。這種做法相信與國內報紙的新聞採訪路線設置有關，已成為國內報紙處理爭議性政治新聞的特色。 / This study attempts to analyze the media performance and news representation of critical issues related to political news in newspapers which embraced different kind of political position. Taking “319 Shooting” incident as a critical example, this study tries to examine how did the local newspapers from different political stand implement objective reporting and construct news facts? How did the newspapers address these issues?
The methodology includes content analysis and frame analysis. Content analysis aims to examine the application of objective reporting from different newspaper. Frame analysis aims to investigate the construction and manufacturing of news facts in “319 Shooting” incident. The research gathers news reports that relate to six critical period of “319 Shooting” investigation and manages to get 631 pieces of news report.
The results of content analysis show that five papers implemented objective reporting in different degree. Political stand could be considered as the key factor in the implementation of objective reporting. Papers which regarded as pro-pan-green camp were proved to produce news reports that were obviously biased to pan-green camp, whereas papers which regarded as pro-pan-blue camp showed the same political tendency in their news reporting.
On the other hand, the results of frame analyses imply that profession news frame is the most covered in the news. Under the same news frame, papers from different political stand tended to select the frame arguments which can fulfill their political position. Besides investigators, pan-green and pan-blue camps’ supporters were given the larger spaces as news source in the five papers.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0914510281 |
| Creators | 鄧麗萍, Tang, Lee Ping |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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