自 1955 年，中國與印度和緬甸簽署「和平共處五項原則」之後，又在改革開放時期，提出了「和平與發展」是當今時代的兩大主題起，「和諧世界」理念便開啟了國際的視窗，至 1999 年代初期，中國學者基於「國際觀」的理念，提出未來「中國崛起」對國際權力平衡結構將造成影響的討論，此時國際間便興起「中國威脅論」及「中國即將崩潰」的論點研究。
有鑑於此，鄭必堅於 2004 年 4 月 22 日在北京人民大會堂繼續舉行第三單元主題報告會，在最後一場報告會上發表題為「中國和平崛起的發展道路」的演講中，曾提到「和平怎麼會威脅？崛起又怎麼會崩潰？和平崛起是對中國威脅論和中國崩潰論最有利的回擊」。因此提出「和平崛起」理念，來企圖推翻「中國威脅論」及「中國即將崩潰」的論點，因為中國認為唯有藉創造「和諧環境」與「善意的回應」，才能轉移國際焦點，把國際經濟重點引向中國大陸。
中國談「和平崛起」，在政治上「無非是想建立一個對他有利的區域國際環境」，在經濟上「主要在加強與東亞各國的經濟合作，營造中國經濟崛起所需要的周邊環境」，在軍事上「主要在增加東亞地區國家對中國的依賴，成為區域大國」；美國雖然不願意看到「中國的崛起」，影響其美國在東亞地區的主導地位，但自發生「九一一恐怖攻擊」事件後，基於地緣戰略需要，為確保亞洲地區的安全，反而依賴中國在亞洲區的優勢戰略條件，使中國佔有舉足輕重的地位，美國欲藉中國在亞太地區的影響力，牽制「資恐國家」的軍事力量擴張與恐怖組織力量的蔓延，所以此舉也替中國帶來「和平崛起」的契機與國際環境，但是必須克服「東亞各國政治理念分歧」、「歷史宿怨與政治相悖」等主要限制因素，中國才能達到主導東亞事務的目的。
中國向以「強勢國家」自居，從近年來國防武器發展來看，在東亞地區已影響區域軍事均衡，日本也已警覺到「中國」所帶來的威脅，所以也積極尋求國家支持日本軍力的擴展，今後，東亞地區的和平與否，「中、日」兩國是關鍵，兩國若無建立合作機制，求得共同利益的環境，必會導致軍事競賽的情形發生，那麼「東亞地區」真的就如同亞洲的彈藥庫一般，實不得不注意。 / Since 1955, after signing the Treaty of “Five Principles concerning Peaceful Co-existence”with India and Burma, and after proposing that “Peace and Development”were two major issues of contemporary times during the period of reformation and opening, China has promoted the idea of “Harmonious World”to open the international view. At the beginning of 1990s, Chinese scholars launched the discussion about how “The Rising of China”will influence the structure of balance between international powers, on the basis of the idea of “International View”, there arose the study of theses of “China is a threat” and “China is going to collapse”among international scholars.
According to this fact, in the conference held in April, 22nd, 2004, in Peking People’s Hall, Chen Pi-Gen presented a speech entitled “The Developing Way of Peaceful Rising of China ”in the final session of the third topic, and mentioned that “How does peace become a threat? How does rising become collapse? Peaceful rising is the most useful response for the theses of “Chinese threat” and “Chinese collapse”. He proposed the idea of “Peaceful Rising”, therefore, in order to overthrow the theses of “Chinese Threat” and “Chinese Collapse”. He argued that China can shift international focus and introduce important international economy into mainland China only by inventing “Harmonious Environment” and “Friendly Responses”.
For China, to talk about “Peaceful Rising”, is to “build a regional international environment good for herself”on the political ground, to “strengthen mainly economic cooperation with South-east Asian countries, to construct the circumstance necessary for the economic rising of China” on the economic ground, and to “increase the dependence of East Asian countries on China, in order to become a regional great country”. The United States is not willing to see “The Rising of China”which affects the leading role of U. S. A. in the region of East Asia. However, after the event of “911 Terrorist Attack ”, the United States relys on the dominant role of China in Asian strategic situation in order to protect the peace of Asia. The United States wishes to use Chinese influence on Asian countries to prevent the military expansion of conntries which support terriorism as well as the increase of the power of terriorist organizations. This measure has brougnt the opportunity and international environment of “Peaceful Rising”for China. Nevertheless, for the purpose of leading international affairs in East Asia, China has to overcome the limiting factors of “divergence of political ideas among East Asian countries”and “the contradictin of historical hatred and politics”.
China has long been proud of being a “Strong Country”. From the evidence of Chinese development of defense weapons, we can find China has influenced regional military balance in East Asia. Japan has awared the threat from China, and trys eagerly to look for national support for expanding military power. From now on, China and Japan will play key roles in peace-keeping in East Asia. If there is no cooperation mechanism constructed between two countries for their mutual benefits, there will arise for sure military competition between two countries, and East Asia will become the bomb storage of Asia. This situation deserves our close and constant attention.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0096922020 |
| Creators | 田燕平 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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