國與國之間經濟互賴的失衡足以導致地緣政治衝突風險的升高，因此隨著中國經濟實力的持續增長，學界及政界皆開始注意到中美衝突加劇的可能性。然而，持此種風險論者經常過分高估中國的經濟實力，抑或過度強調美國的經濟與地緣政治優勢。本研究旨在系統性地分析中美經濟實力現況，並將採用Kirshner提出的若干經濟施壓工具套用至兩國各自的經濟情勢。本研究的第一章即點明研究問題與目標。第二章將闡述Kirshner提出的若干經濟施壓工具，並以此建構本文的理論架構。第三章將客觀地呈現中美兩國的經濟實力概況。第四及第五章將分別呈現兩個個案研究，以此檢驗kirshner所提出的假設分析經濟高壓手段的限制，以及二、三章所論述之中美兩國經濟情勢。 / Economic asymmetric interdependence can lead to tensions in a geopolitical relationship, and as China’s economic strength continues to rise the academic and policy circles have analyzed the possibility of tensions boiling over. However, such discussions have often over estimated Chinese economic prowess or over-emphasized United States incumbent economic and geopolitical advantage. This research aims to systematically analyze the economic realities utilizing Kirshner’s tools for economic coercion, and applying them to their respective economic sectors. Chapter one introduces the research questions and aims, chapter two explains Kirshner’s tools for economic coercion as well as lays the groundwork for this research’s methodological framework. Chapter three aims to provide an objective overview of the economic realities between the United States and China. Finally, chapter four and five provide two case studies that test the hypothesizes derived from the analysis of Kirshner’s limitations on economic coercive potential and the Chinese-United States economic realities as explored in chapters two and three.

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台灣印度間之經濟合作研究 / Abstract India and China are part of an abbreviation called BRIC. The term BRIC was first used in 2003 in a thesis published by the Goldman Sachs investment bank that named Brazil, Russia, India and China as large emerging economies likely to assume key global roles. While China and India are considered emerging economic powerhouses in world as they have witnessed a growth of over 8% in past 5 years, Taiwan had its successful run to become a developed nation through dramatic growth in late 80s to early 90s by first transforming its manufacturing and then moving to service base economy. Famous Business week article of 2005 “Does Taiwan Matters” underlines the position and contribution of Taiwan to the world especially in high tech industries. In recent years, Taiwanese companies have done massive investments in China. Some people even question if this too much dependence of Taiwanese business on China is putting Taiwan at some risk. For an Indian, who is studying MBA program in Taiwan, the economic relationship between India and Taiwan has always been point of great curiosity as to what strategies each of these country has adopted in order to boost its economy and how should these two countries position and get benefit form each other in today’s world where economic co-operation is even more paramount than any other sort. The objective of this study is to determine  Evolution, positions and drivers of India & Taiwan economies focusing on high tech industries  Economic co-operation activities between Taiwan and India in recent years Purpose of study is also to make further recommendation on the areas where Taiwan & India should increase strategic co-operations and get benefit from this mutual partnership.

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國內近年來工商企業發展極為蓬勃，各企為對產品品質均相當重視，在製程品管中使用管制圖管制產品品質工廠亦非常普遍，惟各廠在設計品質管制圖時均未從經濟觀點加以考慮。本文即從經濟觀點探討製程品管中最重要的品質管制圖之設計，應如何參酌本身各項品質管制成本來建立管制圖，以降低成本，達到經濟有效控制產品品質之目的。 根據本文之研究分析結果，在考慮經濟觀點之下設計管制圖時，其最適參數設計值應視檢驗成本、非機遇原因所造成製程之偏移量、品質失靈損失、非機遇原因之發生頻率以及追查異常原因所需成本之高低等之不同而異： 1.檢驗成本較低時，採樣本數大、抽樣時距短之方案較合乎經濟原則；反之如檢驗成本較高時，樣本數則應小，抽樣時間間隔應長始較為經濟。 2.非機遇原因所造成制程之偏移量較大時，樣本數可以較小，抽樣時距亦應短些；反之如非機遇原因所造成製程之偏移量小時，樣本數應取大些，抽樣時距亦應長些。 3.製程在偏移狀態下生產所導致企業之損失較大時，應採較短之抽樣時距；反之如損失額不大，則抽樣時間間隔可較長些。 4.非機遇原因造成製程偏移之發生頻率低時，所設計之抽樣時距可較長；反之當發生頻率高時，抽樣時距應較短。 5.追查異常原因所需之成本對管制幅度之設計值影響較大。當追查原因成本較高時，管制幅度應較寬些；反之追查原因成本較低時，管制幅度可較狹。 6.從經濟觀點設計品質管制圖，必需運用生產製程之實況資料以及各項品質成本資料，如果對各項資料缺乏記錄或者記載不確實，則所設計出來的管制圖計劃必定收效極微，因此，對各項生產狀況資料及品質成本資料隨時記錄並定期分析整理實為建立經濟有效品質管制圖之要件。

在經濟不景氣中擴大台灣電動牙刷市占率的策略改變 / Strategies Change to Grow the Market Share during Recession – a Case Study on Taiwan Electronic Toothbrush Market By Caroline Wong This paper is a study on Taiwan electronic toothbrush market at the angle of Philips Sonicare, which is leading in the higher end of the market segment by its patented sonic technology. Before 2007 the company’s major focus was on the dental professional channels (DP) which not only provide the recommendations but at the same time selling the electronic toothbrushes (ETB) to their patients. When the recession time comes, the patients are reluctant to spend money on the luxury oral treatments, and which also have impacts to the promotion of ETB for the high pricing comparing to manual toothbrush. The stagnancy sales in DP have forced the company to change their focus to the retail market. Therefore the total marketing plan needs to be revised: product lines need to be expanded to a wider range to fulfill the different consumer needs, different price strategies adopted for different target audiences, the expansion on the retail channels is a must while deepening the existing distribution, at the same time to fully leverage the strengths in the DP channel. Therefore several communication and promotion programs are carried out to support the strategies changed, in effective ways.

一般聚集經濟可區分為內部規模經濟及外部經濟，而外部經濟又可區分為 地方化經濟與都市化經濟兩種。由於製造業廠商或產業具有聚集經濟效果 ，因此產生了區位比較利益，影響廠商或產業之設置區位選擇，因為聚集 經濟效果若以都市化經濟為主，則表示都市規模愈大，對產業的生產愈具 效率，產業內各廠商依附都市發展的程度亦愈高，政府如欲以產業分散發 展政策達到區域均衡發展之目的，較不容易成功。反之，產業的聚集經濟 效果若以地方化經濟為主時，區域均衡發展透過產業分散發展政策之擬訂 較易達成 。本研究運用生產函數的理論與模型，利用工商普查資料，針 對臺灣地區中分類製造業進行實證分析，結果發現臺灣地區製造業的聚集 經濟型態乃是以地方化經濟為主。 因此，以區域經濟均衡發展的觀點 而言，臺灣地區在擬訂公共投資政策與工業區發展（製造業產業區位）政 策時，應可考慮以製造業產業分散化政策為重要手段。 In general, agglomeration economies has been devided into interior scale economy and exterior economy, whereas the latter can further be catoglorized into two kinds, namely localization economy and urbanization economy. The agglomeration economies effect of manufacturing industries or industries which creates comparative location advantages, will influence the choice of location for establishment of manufacturers' plants on the grounds that if the agglomeration economies effect is dominated by urbanization economics, the larger the city scale; the more effective the industry production, and the higher the adherence the urban development. If the government's industry decentralization development policy intends to achieve the purposes of reginal balance development, that will not succeed easily. On the contrary, if the agglomeration economies effect is dominated by localization economy, it will be easier to reach regional balance development through regulating industry decentralization development policy. The present analysis incorporates the theory and model of production function and makes use of data of Industrial and Commerce Censuses of Taiwan- Fukien District of The Republic of China to proceed the empirical analysis of manufacturing industries (classified at the two digit SIC level) which results in the agglomeration economies model of the manufacturing industries of Taiwan is indeed dominated by localization economics. Therefore, from the viewpoint of balancing regional economy development, the Taiwan Government shall consider the industry decentralization policy as a vital measure to implement the public investment and Industrial District policy.

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本文目的在探討政府融通其支出時，應該採行何種手段，才能最小化社會福利成本 ，或無謂損失，並且輔以實證分析。本文的目標、在經過最適化的過程之後，得出 政府的行為法則。 本文特色乃重複通貨膨脹與政府行為的關係，此乃由於各國政府往往偏好以、發行 通貨的方式來融通其支出。因此在本文的第二章，致力於探討通貨膨脹長帶給經濟 社會的衝擊，而後於第三章中求出政府最過了化行為即各種融通工具呈現共進效果 。 本文另一特色乃理論與實證並重，以理論的探討作基礎，經由適當的計量方法，進 行理論與實證分析。 本文的結論，證明了理論基礎的成立。以亞洲四個主要國家，進行實證分析的結果 ，發現各國時間序列資料頗能符合政府欲最小化社會超額負擔的決心，尤其是我國 的資料均能通過各種模型的考驗，足見我國政府具大有為的氣魄。