新聞記者的日常工作可視為一資訊蒐集行為，在資訊蒐集的過程中需要運用許多資源，其中，人脈扮演重要角色，然而目前從社會網絡角度出發，關照記者如何運用網絡中所蘊含的資源以協助記者日常新聞資訊蒐集活動的研究卻不多，因此，本研究企圖了解新聞記者在資訊蒐集場域中的人脈網絡樣貌，存在哪些資源類型及如何採取交換策略。
在研究方法與研究對象的選擇上，本研究從個案著手，以一位報社地方記者作為研究對象，藉由參與觀察法及深度訪談蒐集田野資料三十天。
本研究將蒐集而來的資料以量化及質化方法續作分析，繪製兩種網絡圖像，展現新聞中顯見的消息來源以及在蒐集過程中運用的人脈，結果發現許多在過程中取得資源的對象其實隱沒於新聞稿中。
本研究進一步發現，人脈可以提供不同類型的資源，包括一般資訊、珍稀資訊、知識經驗、中介資源、引薦資源以及權力資源，皆有助於記者的新聞資訊蒐集活動，除此之外，強連帶與弱連帶各有其資源優勢，強連帶較常提供珍稀資訊與引薦資源，而弱連帶則最常提供一般性的資訊以及中介性資源。
總括而言，新聞記者的新聞資訊蒐集活動倚靠人脈，但只有少數的人脈會被展現在新聞報導之中，許多人脈的運作隱藏於幕後，且不同連帶關係的人脈對象在過程中提供不同類型的資源與幫助，新聞記者必須辨識並活用之。而為了和不同連帶關係的人脈取得資源，記者會採取不同的社會交換策略。和強連帶的資源交換策略包括給予資訊資源、版面資源、知識資源、中介性資源、服務性資源以及信任性資源，特別的是，平常便會交換情感性資源以維持雙方關係；而面對弱連帶對象，當一般報酬無法滿足對方時，可藉由人脈中當作橋樑影響弱連帶以達成資訊蒐集目的。 / Information gathering is one of the major tasks in journalistic work. Among the resources that journalists employ to gather news, social ties is an important factor that contributes to journalistic work. However, it is rarely known how social network was used as journalistic resources in daily news-gathering activities. This thesis aims to explore the above issues by employing a field study.
This field study is based on a case of newspaper reporter who is assigned to local beat in Central Taiwan. The researcher made participatory observation and intensive interviews in a period of 30 days. Data was collected and kept in field journals.
The data gathered were analyzed by both quantitative and qualitative methods. Two social graphs were plotted to show how the news sources distributed in both news reported and daily journals.
This paper further found that journalist benefits of social ties are quite diverse; social ties not only facilitates gathering of routine information, but also exclusive news, knowledge, experience, referral resources, power and trust. Strong and weak ties also provide different types of resources.
In conclusion, journalists contact many social ties in their daily information gathering tasks. Only very few appear on news reporting, while many were hidden behind the scene. These social ties provide reliable aid in news gathering activities. And a journalist has to identify, activate the connections, and make exchanges to get help according to the types of ties and resources needed.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0099451015 |
| Creators | 李品葭 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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