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Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Taxation and Human Rights are interconnected institutes. The federated beings, when exercising that power, must be guided by Human Rights. The State, which is responsible for safeguarding and promoting them, uses tax revenues to effective them to do so. Sometimes when exercising his empire power it ends up restricting certain rights such as the right to intimacy and to privacy as provided in sections X and XII of art. 5 of the Federal Constitution of 1988. When involving cases related to bank secrecy, which although are not included explicitly in the list of fundamental rights, were recognized by the Supreme Court as a fundamental right and to occur its relativisation it is necessary the authorization of the Judiciary (understanding of the Supreme Court). However the Complementary Law No. 105/2001, in its Articles 5 and 6, brought the prediction of the Tax Administration which has access to taxpayers??? data banking, provided that there is administrative process instituted or tax proceeding in progress, prescription which has turned into a target of some Direct actions of Unconstitutionalities (ADI's), which are open to trial until the present time. We understand that there are no reasons for the Guardian of the Federal Constitution to declare the unconstitutionality of the referred law, given that there isn???t jurisdiction reservation consignment in sections X and XII of art. 5 of the Magna Carta, so that at first the participation of the judiciary would not be mandatory, but the last to be checked in each case, a failure to follow legal requirements or possible abuse of power by of the IRS agents. The right to bank secrecy should not be opposed to the tax authorities, given that the information obtained will be safeguarded by the functional duty, and any abuse will be punished with the rigors of the law. The access to taxpayers??? banking data and the exchange of international information in tax matters have become a very important tool for Tax Administration nowadays. In today's international arena for exchanging information, the Federative Republic of Brazil signed up with the United States an Intergovernmental Agreement for implementing a set of North American standards, known as Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act - FATCA - which amended the Court Code of this country, predicting that financial institutions should send automatically banking information of American account holders to the tax authorities of the country like Brazil has incorporated this Agreement in Brazilian law, it will be left to the Constitution Guardian to determine the subject once it has prevailed in this Court that bank secrecy, except in cases permitted constitutionally, can only be qualified by court order. / Tributa????o e Direitos Humanos s??o institutos interligados. Os entes federados ao exercerem a compet??ncia tribut??ria devem ser norteados pelos Direitos Humanos. O Estado, sendo respons??vel pela tutela e promo????o de tais, utiliza-se da arrecada????o tribut??ria para efetiv??-los, para tanto, ??s vezes ao exercer seu poder de imp??rio acaba por ter que restringir alguns direitos, como ?? o caso do direito ?? intimidade e ?? vida privada, previsto nos incisos X e XII, do art. 5??, da Constitui????o Federal de 1988, quando envolvem casos relacionados com o sigilo banc??rio, que apesar de n??o est?? inclu??do de forma expressa no rol dos direitos fundamentais, foi reconhecido pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal como direito fundamental e, para que ocorra sua relativiza????o, prescinde de autoriza????o do Poder Judici??rio (entendimento do STF). Por??m, a Lei Complementar n?? 105/2001, em seus artigos 5?? e 6??, trouxe a previs??o da Administra????o Tribut??ria tem acesso a dados banc??rios dos contribuintes, desde que exista processo administrativo instaurado ou procedimento fiscal em curso, prescri????o esta que virou alvo de algumas A????es Diretas de Inconstitucionalidades (ADI??s), que encontram-se pendentes de julgamento at?? o presente momento. Entendemos que n??o h?? motivos, para o Guardi??o da Constitui????o Federal, declarar a inconstitucionalidade de referida Lei, tendo em vista que n??o existe nos incisos X e XII, do art. 5??, da Carta Magna, consigna????o de reserva de jurisdi????o, de modo que no primeiro momento, n??o seria obrigat??rio a participa????o do Poder Judici??rio, mas a ??ltima em se verificando, em cada caso concreto, inobserv??ncia dos preceitos legais ou eventuais abuso de poder por parte dos agentes do Fisco. O direito ao sigilo banc??rio, n??o deve ser oposto ?? Administra????o Tribut??ria, tendo em vista que ??s informa????es obtidas, estar??o resguardadas pelo dever funcional, e eventuais abusos, ser??o punidos com os rigores da lei. O acesso aos dados banc??rios dos contribuintes e a troca de informa????es internacionais em mat??ria tribut??rias, tem se tornado, nos dias atuais, uma ferramenta de suma import??ncia ?? Administra????o Tribut??ria. Diante do atual cen??rio internacional de troca de informa????es, a Rep??blica Federativa do Brasil celebrou com os Estados Unidos um Acordo Intergovernamental, para implementar um conjunto de normas norte-americana, conhecida Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ??? FATCA - que alterou o C??digo Tribunal deste pa??s, prevendo que ??s institui????es financeiras devem encaminhar de forma autom??tica informa????es banc??rias dos correntistas norte-americanos ?? Administra????o Tribut??ria do pa??s, como o Brasil incorporou tal Acordo no direito brasileiro, restar?? ao Guardi??o da Constitui????o se manifestar acerca do assunto, uma vez que, tem prevalecido neste Tribunal, que o sigilo banc??rio, ressalvados os casos permitidos constitucionalmente, apenas pode ser relativizado mediante ordem judicial.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:bdtd.ucb.br:tede/2005 |
| Date | 15 December 2015 |
| Creators | Almada, Daiana Ferreira de |
| Contributors | Meira, Liziane Angelotti |
| Publisher | Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, Programa Strictu Sensu em Direito, UCB, Brasil, Escola de Humanidade e Direito |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UCB, instname:Universidade Católica de Brasília, instacron:UCB |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -627295980608920470, 500, 500, 600, -5048769973342439541, -7277407233034425144 |
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