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Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The exposure to potentially traumatic events are part of life, however, these events may produce Stress Disorder Posttraumatic (PTSD). PTSD has been regarded as a memory disorder due to the centrality of the intrusions symptoms, often in the form of unintentionally recovered memories. However, there is still no consensus on the mnemonic mechanisms involved in such intrusions. To better understand the phenomenon studies have used the Trauma Analogue-Paradigm (TAP). The TAP consists in a non-clinical sample watching intense content videos, usually with scenes involving a physical strain and recording intrusions over seven days. In order to better understand PTSD?s intrusions this dissertation is divided into two studies, one theoretical and one empirical. The theoretical study entitled "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: the role of memory and its Implications for clinical practice" is a critical literature review which aimed to delineate the role of memory in the theoretical models of PTSD and its clinical implications. Through this research, it was evident that although there is a growing interest in the mnemonic mechanisms of PTSD these are still unclear regarding their role in the development and maintenance of PTSD. We highlight that studies in experimental cognitive psychopathology can contribute theoretically and with the emergence of new interventions. The empirical study entitled "Talking about it or playing Tetris? The role of verbal and visuospatial interference in memory consolidation and trauma intrusions" contains two experiments that aimed to establish a TAP adapted to the Brazilian population and through it investigate the effect of cognitive tasks in the incidence of intrusive memories. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the modified protocol is viable and capable of eliciting intrusive memories with a trauma-analogue. The second experiment showed that the use of cognitive tasks, regardless of whether, tend to increase the number of intrusions; differences between the verbal and the visuospatial tasks were not statistically significant. When considered altogether, the results of the second experiment do not support a perspective of specific mechanisms in PTSD but suggest a processing in line with the general functioning of memory and attention. Although these cognitive tasks have not been effective in reducing the intrusion, the search for new cognitive and prophylactic interventions should continue. It is recommended that the methodological rigor should be kept without losing sight of the possible use of these cognitive tasks in a more ecological context as interventions. / A exposi??o a eventos potencialmente traum?ticos faz parte da experi?ncia de vida, por?m, estes eventos podem desencadear o Transtorno de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico (TEPT). O TEPT tem sido considerado como um transtorno principalmente relacionado ao funcionamento da mem?ria devido ? centralidade dos sintomas de intrus?o, que frequentemente se manifestam na forma de mem?rias recuperadas involuntariamente. Por?m, ainda n?o existe um consenso sobre como se d?o os mecanismos mnem?nicos envolvidos nessas intrus?es. Para melhor compreender o fen?meno tem-se empregado o Paradigma de Trauma-An?logo (PTA). O PTA consiste na visualiza??o por participantes n?o-cl?nicos de v?deos de conte?do intenso, usualmente com cenas envolvendo amea?a ? integridade f?sica e no registro das intrus?es ao longo de sete dias. Com a finalidade de melhor compreender as intrus?es no TEPT a presente disserta??o de mestrado tem como objetivo contribuir para a compreens?o dos mecanismos mnem?nicos do TEPT e est? dividida em dois estudos. O estudo te?rico intitulado ?Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: the role of memory and its implications for clinical practice? ? uma revis?o cr?tica da literatura que teve como objetivo delinear o papel da mem?ria nos modelos te?ricos do TEPT e suas implica??es cl?nicas. Atrav?s dessa revis?o, foi poss?vel constatar que ainda que haja um crescente interesse nos mecanismos mnem?nicos do TEPT ainda n?o h? consenso acerca do papel destes no desenvolvimento e manuten??o do TEPT. Destaca-se que estudos em psicopatologia cognitiva experimental podem contribuir tanto teoricamente como na descoberta de novas interven??es. O estudo emp?rico intitulado ?Talking about it or playing Tetris? The role of verbal and visuospatial interference in trauma memory consolidation and intrusions? ? composto de dois experimentos e teve como objetivos estabelecer um PTA adaptado ? popula??o brasileira e atrav?s dele investigar o efeito de tarefas cognitivas na incid?ncia de mem?rias intrusivas. O Experimento 1 demonstrou que o protocolo adaptado de PTA ? vi?vel, sendo capaz de eliciar mem?rias intrusivas atrav?s de um an?logo de trauma. O segundo experimento demonstrou que a utiliza??o de tarefas cognitivas tende a aumentar o n?mero de intrus?es, sem diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre a tarefa verbal e a tarefa visuoespacial. Quando observados em conjunto, os resultados do segundo experimento n?o corroboram uma perspectiva de mecanismos espec?ficos no TEPT e sim sugerem um processamento via funcionamento geral da mem?ria e aten??o. Ainda que as presentes tarefas cognitivas n?o tenham sido efetivas em reduzir as intrus?es, a busca por novas interven??es profil?ticas de car?ter cognitivo devem continuar sendo alvo de futuros estudos. Recomenda-se manter o rigor metodol?gico sem perder de vista a poss?vel transposi??o dos achados para um contexto mais ecol?gico de interven??o.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/5982 |
| Date | 06 March 2015 |
| Creators | Rigoli, Marcelo Montagner |
| Contributors | Kristensen, Christian Haag |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Psicologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2588426296948062698, 600, 600, 600, 600, 2599381623216554467, 3411867255817377423, -2555911436985713659 |
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