本文目的在討論台灣自解嚴以來的大眾傳播媒體政策變遷，以政治經濟學的研究取向切入，說明國家、資本與公民社會三者的不同結構組合，如何形塑解嚴後台灣媒體政策的演變。大約以首次政黨輪替為界，可分為三期：在一期，國民黨執政下，國家與資本間的關係仍具侍從主義的色彩，於是公民社會中媒體改革團體選擇與想要脫離政府控制的資本勢力結合，並和訴求雷同的政治議題合流，抗議國家對媒體的壟斷，要求開放、政治力退出媒體經營。在二期，政黨輪替後資本勢力脫離國家控制，資本與國家共同架構了一個新的優勢權力結構，原本應全民共有的媒介使用權，從過去的國家壟斷進入政商互利共生的複雜局面。公民社會及媒改團體對資本邏輯主導的媒體環境不滿，乃轉而訴求國家以公權力介入控制商業力量的浮濫，希望開創媒體公共化的空間。後期，資本勢力越益壟斷與集中，影響力也隨之提升，資本與國家相互競合程度也就越高，而政商結構內的矛盾，反而有利於社會運動對市場導向的權力結構進行結構改革。
有別於過去以新自由主義理論為主的媒體研究（強調市場機制主宰媒體），本文強調，第一，在同時拉長時間軸及報紙、有線電視及無線電視三種媒體的交叉分析下，證明市場導向的政策只是表面的結果，實質上的主因是執政黨為鞏固自身權利；第二，國家、市場與公民三者價值各異的行為者之間互動關係的轉變會影響台灣媒體政策的產出，並非是純粹的市場導向；第三，政黨輪替前後結構的差異使國家、市場以及公民社會有不同的策略經營。 / The main purpose of this study is to discuss the transition of mass media after abolishing martial law through the approach of political economy. This study explains the different structural forms among nation, capital and civil society and how these forms shape the transitions of Taiwanese media policy after abolishing martial law. Considering the first party alternation as watershed, the transition can be divided into three periods. The first period is under the governance of Kuomintang and the relation between nation and capital is still clientelistic. Therefore media reformation groups in the civil society choose to alley with capital powers that try get out of governmental control. They also make use of political issues that are similar to their appeals to protest against governmental monopoly over media and ask political power to withdraw from media administration. In the second period capital power get rid of governmental control after party alternation, and capital and nation construct a new privileged power structure together. The media that should be shared by all citizens transform from national monopoly to the complex situation of mutualism between political and commercial powers. Civil society and media reformation groups are discontent with capital dominant media, therefore they request nation to control the abuse of commercial power through public authority and hope to create civil media spaces. In the last period, as capital power gets more monopolistic and effective, the higher is the co-competition between capital and nation. The contradiction in political-commercial structure turns out to benefit the structural reformation in market orientation structure carried out by social movements.
Different from the media studies that focused on New Liberalism in the past which concentrated on market mechanism control over media, this study emphasized on three points. First, based on longer period of time and cross analysis of newspaper, cable television and broadcast television, the study proves that market orientation policy is only surface result and the actual reason is that the ruling party wants to strengthen its own right. Second, the transitions of mutual relations among nation, market and citizens with different aims will affect the output of Taiwanese media policy and make it not purely market orientation. The third, the structural difference between pre-and post-party alternation makes nation, market and civil society design different business strategies.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G1004510042 |
| Creators | 蕭婷方 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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