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Previous issue date: 2016-07-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / As doenças cardiovasculares, além de representarem a principal causa de morte no Brasil e no mundo, podem gerar doentes crônicos. A prevenção secundária de pacientes com tal comorbidade torna-se importante, e o estudo de fatores prognósticos auxilia em tal conduta. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar fatores prognósticos de doença cardiovascular e investigar possíveis associações entre eles, em uma amostra de pacientes com aterosclerose manifesta do município de Pelotas/RS. Trata-se de estudo transversal, aninhado a um ensaio clínico randomizado, com dados dos pacientes do centro colaborador de Pelotas/RS. Foram coletadas variáveis clínicas, antropométricas, bioquímicas, sociodemográficas, alimentares e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. A análise estatística foi realizada através dos programas Graph Pad® e Stata®. A maioria da amostra era do sexo masculino, idosa, pertencente à classe econômica C, estudou até o ensino fundamental, era fumante ou ex-fumante e possuía excesso de peso, doença arterial coronariana, hipertensão, dislipidemia e histórico familiar de doença cardiovascular. Quanto ao consumo alimentar (n=74), classificado de acordo com o grau de processamento, o grupo de alimentos que mais contribuiu com o consumo calórico diário foi o in natura/minimamente processados (50,9%), seguido pelo consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados (35,1%), processados (11,1%) e ingredientes culinários processados (2,9%). Possuir excesso de peso e ser fumante/ex-fumante estiveram positivamente associados à pontuação da síndrome metabólica, com um acréscimo de 0,64 e 0,48 pontos, respectivamente (n=82). Com relação à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (n=70), o escore dos domínios de saúde física foi inferior ao escore de saúde mental (p<0,0001). Índice de massa corporal e circunferência da cintura estiveram negativamente associados à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, enquanto que o consumo de fibras dietéticas, potássio e magnésio apresentaram associação positiva. Na amostra analisada, o consumo de alimentos processados/ultraprocessados mostrou-se elevado, visto que foi quase igual ao consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados. Fibra dietética, potássio e magnésio, estiveram positivamente associados à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Por outro lado, altos valores de circunferência da cintura e índice de massa corporal estiveram negativamente associados à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Ademais, o índice de massa corporal elevado (excesso de peso) e tabagismo foram responsáveis por aumentarem a pontuação da síndrome metabólica. Dessa forma, a prevenção secundária dos pacientes analisados deve contemplar intervenções para um estilo de vida mais saudável, principalmente voltadas à alimentação adequada e à manutenção do peso na faixa da normalidade. / Cardiovascular diseases, besides representing the leading cause of death in Brazil and worldwide, can lead to chronic conditions. Secondary prevention of patients with this comorbidity becomes important, and the study of prognostic factors helps in such conduct. The aim of this work was to evaluate prognostic factors of cardiovascular diseases and to investigate possible associations between them, in a sample of patients with established atherosclerosis disease, in Pelotas/RS. Cross-sectionals studies, nestled to a randomized clinical trial, were performed, with data of the collaborating site of Pelotas/RS. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemistry, sociodemographic, alimentary and health-related quality of life variables were collected. Statistical analyzes were carried out in Graph Pad® e Stata®. The majority of the sample was men, elderly, from economic level C, studied until elementary school, was former or current smoker and had overweight, coronary artery disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia and familiar history of cardiovascular diseases. About alimentary consumption (n=74), classified according to the degree of processing, the group that most contributed to caloric consumptio was unprocessed/minimally processed foods (50.9%), followed by ultra-processed (35.1%), processed (11.1%) and processed culinary ingredients (2.9%). Overweight and being current/former smoker were positively associated to the pontuation of metabolic syndrome, with an increase of 0.64 and 0.48 points, respectivetly (n=82). Regarding health-related quality of life (n=70), the score of physical health domains was lower than the mental health (p<0.0001). Body mass index and waist circumference were negatively associated to health-related quality of life, whereas the consumption of dietary fiber, potassium and magnesium presented a positive association. In the analysed sample, alimentary consumption across the degree of processing foods was elevated, since the consumption of processed/ultra-processed foods was almost the same of unprocessed/minimally processed foods. Dietary fiber, potassium and magnesium were positively associated to health-related quality of life. On the other hand, high values of waist circumference and body mass index were negatively associated to health-related quality of life. Moreover, elevated body mass index (overweight) and tobacco use were identified as risk factors that increase the pontuation of metabolic syndrome. Thus, the secondary prevention of patients analysed must contemplate interventions to an healthier lifestyle, mainly focused to an adequate diet and to the maintenance of a proper weigh.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:prefix/3923 |
| Date | 21 July 2016 |
| Creators | Longo, Aline |
| Contributors | http://lattes.cnpq.br/6036253419873643, Borges, Lúcia Rota, Bertoldi, Eduardo Gehling, Abib, Renata Torres |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Alimentos, UFPel, Brasil, Faculdade de Nutrição |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPEL, instname:Universidade Federal de Pelotas, instacron:UFPEL |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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