台灣已於1993年邁入高齡化社會，因社會結構及傳統觀念的改變，高齡者逐漸重視自己退休後的個人生活，而選擇獨自或與配偶一起入住專為高齡者規劃設計之老人住宅的比例也逐年攀升；為有效促進高齡者從事對身心有益的休閒及社交活動，老人住宅應該配合提供安全、適當的日常活動公共空間及設施來支持。因此，老人住宅的公共空間規劃與設計就顯得相當重要。究竟老人住宅之公共空間是否可以真正滿足高齡者的使用需求？是否可促使高齡者積極使用？正是目前規劃、興建或改善老人住宅的重要課題之一，亦為本研究所欲探討之主要動機。
本研究運用資料調查、實地觀察、深入訪談及問卷調查等多元調查與評估方法，並選擇擁有多樣室內、室外之公共設施及共用空間的「長庚養生文化村」作為研究案例，分別針對「公共服務設施」、「室內休閒設施」、「戶外活動空間」及「共用服務空間」等4類公共空間進行使用及規劃等議題之探討，即藉由老人住宅用後評估，深入探討高齡者對於所居住的老人住宅現有公共空間規劃的滿意程度，探究高齡者對於老人住宅公共空間規劃設計之真實反應與感受；並依據評估分析成果，提出老人住宅公共空間之規劃原則建議，以供未來興建高齡者安居住宅之公共空間規劃參考。本研究結果及建議如下：
一、高齡者對公共空間需求滿意度以戶外森林步道及健康中心最高，以健康為主軸的休閒性設施仍為未來規劃重點。
二、老人住宅公共空間滿意度與「教育程度」、「身體狀況」、「子女探訪情形」等三項因素有關。
三、目前老人住宅公共空間議題，關心度低，容易被忽視及犧牲。
四、老人住宅公共空間規劃設計之主要議題包括：
（一）餐廳為入住老人住宅之高齡者社交活動的重要空間，也是假日與探訪家人聚餐的重要場所，而餐廳的寬敞、舒適程度，及社交機會之提供，是高齡者關心的議題之一。
（二）設置報紙的交誼廳使用率較高，而設有書報的交誼廳，其照明及管理等議題必須加強考慮。
（三）中央式的走廊，因為通風及採光較不佳，降低了高齡者的社交機會。
（四）活動量大的活動休閒空間（如籃球場、桌球室等）僅能供探訪家人使用，效用不大，未符合高齡者需求。
五、規劃適合每一位高齡者的居住空間，建議朝向「通用設計原則」來進行規劃設計。
六、老人住宅基本生活之公共空間（如交誼室、洗衣室等），應配合生活單元作可及性高的簇群式配置，以增加高齡者使用機會；至於提供全部高齡者共同使用之休閒空間（如學習教室、娛樂室、會議室等），建議集中配置，以方便管理。 / Taiwanese society has become an aging society since 1993. Due to changes in societal structure and traditional concepts, phenomenon such as aging people started to emphasize more on their personal life after retirement and increasing ratio of aging population, either single or with domestic partner, move into specially designed retirement apartment have brought up to attention. In order to effectively encourage aging resident to exercise beneficial recreation and socialization activities, safe and proper common activity areas in retirement apartments are necessary and thus, the design and planning of the common recreation areas has become an essential issue. Questions regarding whether the retirement apartments will fully satisfy the needs of their aging resident and whether the aging residents actively utilizing those facilities are two of the most essential regards for planning, building, and improving retirement apartments; this is also the motivation for conducting this research.
Our research focuses four main issues regarding as utilization and planning of public area such as “public service facility”, “in-door recreation facility”, “out-door activity space”, and “shared service space” in Chang Gung Health and Culture Village which possesses varieties of in-door and out-door public facilities and public areas; the research itself is conducted by data investigation, on-site observation, detailed interview, and paper-based survey to insightfully investigate the degree of satisfaction of aging residents toward existing planning of shared area and real feeling and reaction toward existing planning of public area. Suggestions for planning of shared areas, as results from analysis of conducted surveys, are provided for the reference of future planning of shared areas in aging resident village. The suggestions are as followed:
1.Out-door forest trails and healthcare centers are the two types of facilities that are listed among the highest degree of satisfaction by aging people. Health-oriented recreation facilities are still regarded as the most essential element in future planning of retirement apartment construction.
2.The degree of satisfaction in retirement apartment is directly associated to three factors which include “degree of education received”, “physical condition of the aging person”, and “the frequency of family visits.”
3.The current issues for public area in retirement apartments are low degree of attention and easily neglected or sacrificed.
4.Issues regarding the planning of public areas in retirement apartments includes:
A.Cafeteria is one of the most important socializing space for aging residents in retirement apartment and an important space for family visits. Degree of comfortableness and spaciousness of cafeteria and whether the cafeteria offers socializing opportunities to aging residents are the two main concerns of aging residents.
B.Utilization degrees in lobbies that provide newspaper are higher than lobbies that do not provide newspaper. The lighting and management of such lobbies are needed to be emphasized.
C.Socialization opportunities decrease due to the facts that lighting and aeration in central hallway are not quite satisfactory.
D.Recreation areas that involve physical activities such as basketball and table tennis are only for family members that visit the aging resident and are not satisfactory to the demand of aging residents.
5.Plan the resident area for each aging resident by utilizing principles of universal design is suggested.
6.The public space of retirement apartment for daily live, such as social room or laundering room, shall be disposed fitting Cluster of Living Style for accessibility to increase the using of the elderly; As for the common space of leisure for all elderly, Such as learning room, recreation room, conference room, it is suggested be allocated together for the convenience of management.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0929230191 |
| Creators | 廖佳展, Liao, Chia Chan |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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