ABSTRACT IMPROVEMENT OF ATAT&Uuml / RK STREET IN ANTALYA AS A PROBLEM OF SPATIAL CONTINUITY SAYDAM, Oya M.Arch., Department of Architecture Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Vacit MAMOGLU January 2006, 162 pages The city is a fundamental and universal human creation. It is a unique centre for social life as well as individual and collective fulfillment. However, cities have been shaped and reshaped by mere functionalistic, stylistic and materialistic aspects rather than developmental ones that incorporate social, cultural and environmental variables. The frantic, irreversible urban growth that societies throughout the world have experienced over the past few decades has caused a transformation of urban spaces and agglomerations, which rarely corresponds to expectations, and aspirations. Especially public spaces have played a key role within this transformation of the cities. In this context, conserving local public places, as a reminder of the past and an echo of the spirit of culture, is a matter of a great concern to reinstating identity and character. The thesis supports this argument by the case study of Atat&uuml / rk Street in Antalya, which suffers from disintegration and confusion because of haphazard growth, dense building, visual pollution, and degradation of the physical environment qualities. The thesis provides a detailed account of the project from initiation through problem identification, development of conceptual framework, and finally planning and architectural proposal. The case study highlights the need for a sensitive developmental approach, which harmonises the interactions between pedestrians, traffic and street furniture as well as cultural, physical environment and technical considerations. Within the scope of these criteria, the main objective of this thesis is to bring forth a project for designing new urban design components in historic context through the interpretation of objects of historical heritage and the existing qualities. Considering the critical problems affecting physical environment and causing imbalance in the lives of inhabitants in the city of Antalya, a project proposal is presented. The project has been prepared to provide solutions with simple and easy implementation, providing better harmony between man and his environment.

This thesis attempts to make an analysis of the state tradition perspective by particularly focusing on the relations between the state and big bourgeoisie represented by T&Uuml / SiAD in the post-1980 period. As this perspective has been hegemonic in discourse in examining state-society relations in Turkey in recent decades, thereby dominating the political, academic, and business circles, it becomes very important for Turkish politics students to understand what is implied by this phrase in order to conceive the political developments in Turkey. This thesis aims to explore the adequacy of this perspective in accounting for the state-society relations. The focus on T&Uuml / SiAD is derived from the fact that its organizational evolution allows us to evaluate the adequacy of theoretical premises and main arguments of the state tradition perspective. In this study, it is concluded that the state tradition perspective offers a reductionist framework in favor of the state / neglects the impact of the social dynamics and international institutions and actors / and reproduces the strong state at any historical moment. Depending on these findings, it is claimed that the state tradition perspective does not provide an appropriate methodological and conceptual framework especially in examining the state-big business relations within the context of the changing domestic and international contexts.

This thesis is about the processes and attitudes behind building production as it is about architecture as such, and it aims at understanding architecture&amp / #8217 / s critical capacity and its relation to wider society. In this context, the differing attitudes and orientations in the construction of the residential environments in D&uuml / zce after the two unsettling earthquakes that took place in 1999 are believed to provide a study field, where the relationship between architecture and different economic, political and cultural structures that constitute civil society can be examined. Against this backdrop, our discussion will concentrate on the specific housing concerns and solutions proposed by three different groups, namely: &amp / #8216 / Solidarity Houses Project&amp / #8217 / realized by the villagers of G&ouml / lyaka, settlement proposal for G&ouml / lyaka prepared by the Project Implementation Unit of Prime Ministry and the struggle of the D&uuml / zce Depremzedeler Dernegi for tenants&amp / #8217 / rights. The examination of these case studies will be based on our reading of Henri Lefebvre&amp / #8217 / s &amp / #8216 / Production of Space&amp / #8217 / and particularly his analytical categories: physical, mental and social space. The relation between this theoretical framework and the case studies will be a reciprocal one, in which the analysis on the three examples of house production will both utilize the analytical framework and be an instrument for understanding it. Although considered separately, the concepts we discuss in each chapter are inextricably interwoven. At the end what we aim to outline is a more total picture of the character of the redevelopment processes after the 1999 Marmara earthquakes and represent architectural practice in its complexity.

Sustainability, livability and quality of life have become widely and in-depth discussed issues in the literature of urban zlanning and design. This study primarily aims to investigate the concept of walkability as a part of the literature on livability. To draw a wider theoretical framework for this study, it first seeks to answer the questions of what the terms of &lsquo / livability&rsquo / and &lsquo / quality of life&rsquo / mean, and what components they constitute. Then, it focuses on the concept of &lsquo / walkability&rsquo / as one of the major components of these terms and as a measurable notion in urban design. Thus, this research seeks to define the notion of &lsquo / walkability&rsquo / and to identify a set of measures of walkability in public spaces to be used for the assessment of the &lsquo / walkability capacity&rsquo / of urban space. It should be noted that this research particularly tries to use the indicators of walkability which can directly impact on the design quality of urban space. Third, this research focuses on Mersin historic city center which has been in the process of deterioration for a while due to various current urban policies and strategies. As the case studies, it examines Uray and Atat&uuml / rk Streets which constitute the major thoroughfares of the historic city center by using the set of walkability measures. It investigates the walkability quality of four different character zones of Uray and Atat&uuml / rk Streets, and identifies their walkability capacities, problems and potentials. Finally, it suggests the policy and practical solutions on the design of these public spaces that will not only improve the walkability capacity of these streets, but also be helpful for the revitalization of the historic city center.

By the late 1990s, a democratisation project has come to the agenda in Turkey in relation to a possible membership to the European Union. This thesis analyses this democratisation project with special reference to the reports published by T&Uuml / SiAD accordingly. Within the scope of the thesis, as well as the theoretical bases of the reports, the motives behind T&Uuml / SiAD&amp / #8217 / s support for this project will also be dealt with. It will be argued that, in order to grasp the specificity of both the democratisation project and T&Uuml / SiAD&amp / #8217 / s support for it, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the historical process that these take place in / and, some key developments at the national and international contexts will be investigated in this direction. For this investigation, a relational approach based upon Nicos Poulantzas&amp / #8217 / s state theory and Bob Jessop&amp / #8217 / s conceptualisation of hegemonic project will be made use of. The implications that the subject matters have for the form of state, form of regime, and class relations will be elaborated on.

Obsidian has been a center of interest both for geologists and archaeologists. Geologists have studied on physical and chemical properties of obsidian where archaeologists have worked on this material as a common artifact found in excavations. In this study, obsidian samples from &Ccedil / atalh&ouml / y&uuml / k excavations are examined using their rare earth element (REE) concentrations. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) have been used for this purpose. A mixture (4:1) of lithium metaborate and lithium tetraborate was used for fusion of samples. Because of the low concentrations of REEs, a preconcentration step is needed. Successful recovery results have been achieved with Amberlite IR-120. The developed method is tested using the standard reference material SARM-1.

Place identity changes and transforms in relation with changing social conditions and physical environment. Social conditions change the place identity by changing people&rsquo / s perceptions and experiences in the space, while, at the same time, they are affected by these perceptions and experiences. Thus, place identity is in a state of flux in time with individuals, objects and societies. This thesis aims to study the evolving identity of public spaces by focusing on the case of Ankara, specifically the example of G&uuml / ven Park which was developed as a part of the public space strategy of creating a modern, westernized and secular capital city of newly-founded Turkish Republic. Therefore, as far as Ankara is concerned, beside &lsquo / place identity&rsquo / , the notion of &lsquo / national identity&rsquo / becomes prominent. This research examines the changes in the identity of G&uuml / ven Park in relation to the shifts in the identity of Ankara, and the analyses on the public space are carried out regarding three criteria -form or physical setting, activities and meanings attached to the public space- in different time periods.

This study compares the National Economy concept as it is employed in Friedrich List&rsquo / s works with its theoretical reflections among Ottoman intelligentsia, particularly in Ziya G&ouml / kalp. The effects of National Economy on the Ottoman thought is examined by bearing in mind two journals: T&uuml / rk Yurdu and Iktisadiyat Mecmuasi. The field of application of National Economy is explicated by an analysis of the first steps towards industrialization, especially after the Young Turk Revolution of 1908. It attempts to find answers to the questions as to how and to what degree the theoretical development of National Economy affected the Ottoman economic policies implemented.

This study claims that there has been realized an obvious transformation in the way in which the Cyprus question is perceived and handled in Turkey, both in official state policy and popular opinion, during 2000s. It is aimed in this study to depict this transformation with its different dimensions and analyze this transformation with a historical perspective in terms of the actors and dynamics involved. The social and political dynamics which brought about such a transformation are investigated and the positions and attitudes of certain social actors, with special reference to big capital and its representative T&Uuml / SiAD, are disclosed within the scope of this study. It is maintained in this study that in order to understand and analyze the transformation in the Cyprus policy of Turkey and the public opinion, it is necessary to relate this process with general political atmosphere of the country as well as the hegemonic visions/projects/opinions of the period. In this case, it is actually impossible to understand and analyze the transformation of the official policy and public opinion on Cyprus separate from the EU membership project specifically in 2000s. This study analyzes this transformation as a dimension of a general process that is the construction of EU membership objective as a hegemonic project. Antonio Gramsci&rsquo / s theory of hegemony and Bob Jessop&rsquo / s conceptualization of hegemonic project have been utilized in this analysis.

The aim of this study is to contribute to the urban social movement literature of Turkey which is lacking particularly for &ldquo / gecekondu resistance&rdquo / and to reveal and study the gecekondu resistance as a grassroots movement against the demolition of gecekondus, in the name of urban renewal projects in Istanbul, especially since 2004. It also investigates the &ldquo / urban social movement&rdquo / concept whose meaning is under discussion in the literature due to its usage in different aspects of resistance in the urban area. The literature review focuses mainly on the production of space, focusing particularly on urban renewal, urban resistance and social movements especially reflecting on the theoretical perspectives of prominent scholars like Lefebvre and Castells. The research focuses on neighborhood resistance in gecekondu areas / however in an attempt to make a categorization of ways of urban resistance in Istanbul. This thesis is based upon the field study pursued in the period between January and October 2006, in G&uuml / zeltepe neighborhood, in Ey&uuml / p, being a remarkable example of resistance for various reasons which will be elaborated in the thesis. G&uuml / zeltepe which is a part of the urban renewal project in Istanbul is investigated with participant observation and in-depth interviews comprising people both participating directly in the resistance and &ldquo / ordinary&rdquo / dwellers, who do not have political affiliations. The study is supported by a systematic analysis of representations of gecekondu resistance and its demolition in the Turkish press, from July 2005 until August 2006.