This thesis focuses on the practical use of very large scale relational databases. It leverages two recent breakthroughs in parallel and distributed computing: a) synchronous transaction replication technologies by Justin Y. Shi and Suntain Song; and b) Stateless Parallel Processing principle pioneered by Justin Y. Shi. These breakthroughs enable scalable performance and reliability of database service using multiple redundant shared-nothing database servers. This thesis presents a Functional Horizontal Partitioning method with customizable degree of redundancy to address practical very large scale database applications problems. The prototype VLDB implementation is designed for transparent non-intrusive deployments. The prototype system supports Microsoft SQL Servers databases. Computational experiments are conducted using industry-standard benchmark (TPC-E). / Computer and Information Science

Earth has its natural features; mountains, valleys, ocean, rivers, lakes, trees, plants, flowers etc. It has inhabitants; Man, animals, insects, birds etc. Man being supreme creature, introduced architecture to provide shelter for him initially and with the passage of time he brought it to the elegance where it is today. I would like to carry out his legacy with the intent of Romancing the Earth with Nothing but the Truth written in Poetic lines. My humble approach to create is to carve out the TRUTH into being from not being, to stay honest to the site and be noble in the cause. Through my investigation, my objective is to establish a life style with a serene environment. A place where one is tranquil to think about the higher values of life, A place to lose one's SELF and find HIMSELF, to serve his purpose in the universe which will bring real joy to his mind, enrichment to his soul and contentment to his body. / Master of Architecture

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die technologischen Ansätze zur Erzeugung von Mikro-Kavitäten als Grundlage zur Entwicklung und Erprobung neuer Konzepte der MEMS-basierten Aktoren und Sensoren erfolgreich eingesetzt. Im Verlauf der Integration eines IR-Emitters wurde der SON-Prozess weiterentwickelt, um eine hohe und homogene Verteilung der Dotierstoffe innerhalb der SON-Membran zu erreichen. Dabei wurde ein technologischer Ablauf entwickelt, welcher die genannten Randbedingungen erfüllt und darüber hinaus eine optimierte Herstellung anbietet, indem die zeitaufwändige Formierung der Kavität in einem Batch- anstatt eines RTP-Ofens erfolgt. Die Opferschichttechnik wurde bei der Integration von beiden vorgestellten Bauelementen eingesetzt und mit Rücksicht auf die einzelnen Randbedingungen angepasst. So konnte z. B. eine Kavität mit einer Höhe von 700 nm zur Abdeckung von IR-Emitter hergestellt werden, wodurch die thermische Isolation verbessert wurde. Im Konzept des druckempfindlichen Feldeffekttransistors wurde eine Opferschicht mit einer Dicke von 70 nm verwendet, um die Größe der Gate-Kapazität so anzupassen, dass der hergestellte Transistor steuerbar und druckempfindlich ist. Somit konnten die Flexibilität und das Potenzial der beiden Prozessknotenpunkte verdeutlicht werden.:Symbolverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1.1 Einführung zum Thema 1.2 Technologien zur Herstellung von Mikro-Kavitäten für MEMS 1.2.1 Silicon-On-Nothing Technologie 1.2.2 Opferschichttechnik 2 Das neue Konzept einer breitbandigen Infrarotquelle 2.1 Grundlegende Ideen der Infrarot-Sensorik 2.1.1 Wechselwirkung von Infrarotstrahlung mit CO2-Gas 2.1.2 Prinzipielle Funktionsweise eines IR-Emitters 2.1.3 CMOS-kompatible Materialien und Integrationsmöglichkeiten eines IR-Emitters 2.1.4 Das neue Konzept eines Infrarot-Emitter-Systems basierend auf monokristallinem Silizium 2.2 Finite-Elemente-Methode-Simulation des IR-Emitter-Systems 2.2.1 Geometrievarianten 2.2.2 Temperaturabhängige elektrische Eigenschaften des Bauelements 2.2.3 Betrachtung der thermischen Verluste 2.2.4 Simulation der Wärmeentwicklung 3 Herstellung und Charakterisierung eines IR-Emitters 3.1 Module der CMOS-basierten 3D-Integration 3.1.1 FEOL - Front End of Line 3.1.2 BEOL - Back End of Line 3.2 Elektrische Charakterisierung des IR-Emitters 3.2.1 I(V)-Spektren 3.2.2 Optische Eigenschaften 3.2.3 Zeitabhängiges Verhalten 4 Das neue Konzept eines druckempfindlichen Feldeffekttransistors 4.1 Einleitung zum Konzept des Bauelements 4.1.1 Konzepte zur Herstellung von MOSFET - basierten Sensoren 4.1.2 Prinzipieller Aufbau und Funktionsweise des neuen Konzepts 4.1.3 Geometrievarianten 5 Herstellung und Charakterisierung eines druckempfindlichen Feldeffekttransistors 5.1 CMOS-basierte 3D-Integration 5.1.1 Herstellung des MEMS-Elements: FEOL - Module 5.1.2 Herstellung des MEMS-Elements: BEOL - Module 5.2 Elektrische Charakterisierung des Feldeffekttransistors 5.2.1 Ausgangskennlinienfeld unter Normaldruck 5.2.2 Eingangskennlinien und deren Besonderheiten unter Normaldruck 5.3 Verhalten des Transistors bei veränderbarem Gasdruck 5.3.1 Designvariante I 5.3.2 Designvariante II 5.3.3 Designvariante III 5.3.4 Druckmessung mit Konstantstromquelle 5.4 Optimierung der Transistoreigenschaften 5.4.1 Anpassung des Gate-Dielektrikums und der Dotierung des Kanals 5.4.2 Ausgangskennlinien unter Normaldruck nach der Optimierung 5.4.3 Eingangskennlinien unter Normaldruck nach der Optimierung 5.4.4 Druckmessung nach der Optimierung 5.4.5 Bewertung der Prozessoptimierung anhand der Referenz-Strukturen 6 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 6.1 Zusammenfassung zum IR-Emitter 6.2 Zusammenfassung zum Drucksensor Literatur Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis

一、 哲學家黑格爾以「存有與無是相同的」(das Sein und das Nichts ist dasselbe)作為他《邏輯學》的起點，而宋代理學家張載則從「清虛一大」談世界的起源，由「有無虛實通而為一」主張「有／無→有」。 兩者入學之徑或許大異其趣，但兩者都談了世界之源起，且兩者之談論都導向了「有無一」(das Sein und das Nichts ist dasselbe)之相同點；這成了本比較哲學論文的關鍵論題。 由「有無一」吾人可以見識二者思想互通之處，從而比較二位思想家是如何談「世界的開端(den Anfang der Welt)。」 二、 本文寫作的步驟為各自鋪陳出張載《正蒙》與黑格爾《邏輯學》論開端的文本內容。在比較的過程中並為了釐清某些關鍵術語，亦進行了若干小規模之比較哲學工作。如(1) 論中西「本體」意義之不同 (2) 比較漢語語境中的「形而上／形而下」與亞里斯多德μεταπηυσιψσ一書之主題(3) 氣與亞里斯多德的物質因(causa materialis/tên hulên kai to hupokeimenon)之比較(4) 論「存有」(ὄν)一詞之漢語翻譯(5) 談「變」(das Werden)與「易」之對比(6)「道」與希臘人logos之間的對比。 另外，黑格爾亦論證「思想史」乃與「精神發展之歷史」的平行，故其言「純粹的有」，實乃對應著巴曼尼得斯的「存有」，「純粹的無」對應著佛教/老子的無，「變」對應著赫拉克利圖斯。本文除一一討論黑格爾的想法外，並藉著張載闢佛與闢老的想法，重新對比了黑格爾、張載思想與歷史上對於開端所作出談論的思想家之間的比較。 三、 最後，在結論處，本文以黑格爾與張載「有無同一且已同出」的真理，去檢討了歷史上對於開端的種種談論，包括了道家「有生於無」、「從無生無」(Ex nihilo nihil fit)、基督教之「從無生有」……等等。 / Theologian Hegel takes the purest Nous as beginning of his philosophical system. The purest category is “pure being” (das reine Sein), from the content of “pure being”, Hegel infers the next category “pure nothing” (das reine Nichts), and proves that these two are identical. Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianist Zhang Zai discusses the beginning of the world from his essential terminology “Clear Empty One Big” (清虛一大), and advocates that “being, nothing, void, fullness, but is one”(有無虛實通而為一). The thought systems of Hegel and Zhang Zai are very different, but both discuss the beginning of the world, and both of discussion guided to the same point “being and nothing is one and the same” (das Sein und das Nichts ist dasselbe); This is the central argument of this comparative philosophy dissertation.

Esta dissertação promove uma leitura da obra Nadie nada nunca (1980), do escritor argentino Juan José Saer, em função das hipóteses sobre a morte do romance e a impossibilidade de narrar. Tomando o paradoxo como elemento fundamental de qualquer romance contemporâneo, identifica o paradoxo específico dessa obra na alternância entre impossibilidade de movimento e revolução contínua da matéria. Cada um desses preceitos assumidos pelo livro resulta em uma poética própria poética da imobilidade e poética da mobilidade ambas aliando-se para converter a obra em uma seqüência de enigmas e interrogações, prenhe de auto-referências e ambigüidades. Um universo próprio que se basta em sua infinidade complexa e obscura, e que desse modo ganha status de objeto autônomo do mundo, propondo uma possível resposta ao impasse em que se encontram a narrativa e a representação / This dissertation suggests an interpretation of the novel Nadie nada nunca (1980), written by the Argentine Juan José Saer, according to the multiple hypotheses about the death of the novel and the impossibility of narrative. Taking paradox as an essential element of any contemporary novel, the dissertation identifies the specific paradox of this work in the alternation between the impossibility of movement and the continuous revolution of matter. Each of these precepts assumed by the book results in a poetics a poetics of immobility and a poetics of mobility both of which combine in order to convert the novel into a sequence of enigmas and inquisitions, filled with selfreferences and ambiguities. A universe of its own that is self-sufficient in its complex and obscure infinity, and therefore achieves a status of an autonomous object of the world, offering a possible answer to the impasse confronted by narrative and representation

Esta dissertação promove uma leitura da obra Nadie nada nunca (1980), do escritor argentino Juan José Saer, em função das hipóteses sobre a morte do romance e a impossibilidade de narrar. Tomando o paradoxo como elemento fundamental de qualquer romance contemporâneo, identifica o paradoxo específico dessa obra na alternância entre impossibilidade de movimento e revolução contínua da matéria. Cada um desses preceitos assumidos pelo livro resulta em uma poética própria poética da imobilidade e poética da mobilidade ambas aliando-se para converter a obra em uma seqüência de enigmas e interrogações, prenhe de auto-referências e ambigüidades. Um universo próprio que se basta em sua infinidade complexa e obscura, e que desse modo ganha status de objeto autônomo do mundo, propondo uma possível resposta ao impasse em que se encontram a narrativa e a representação / This dissertation suggests an interpretation of the novel Nadie nada nunca (1980), written by the Argentine Juan José Saer, according to the multiple hypotheses about the death of the novel and the impossibility of narrative. Taking paradox as an essential element of any contemporary novel, the dissertation identifies the specific paradox of this work in the alternation between the impossibility of movement and the continuous revolution of matter. Each of these precepts assumed by the book results in a poetics a poetics of immobility and a poetics of mobility both of which combine in order to convert the novel into a sequence of enigmas and inquisitions, filled with selfreferences and ambiguities. A universe of its own that is self-sufficient in its complex and obscure infinity, and therefore achieves a status of an autonomous object of the world, offering a possible answer to the impasse confronted by narrative and representation

In a growing number of information-processing applications, such as network-traffic monitoring, sensor networks, financial analysis, data mining for e-commerce, etc., data takes the form of continuous data streams rather than traditional stored databases/relational tuples. These applications have some common features like the need for real time analysis, huge volumes of data, and unpredictable and bursty arrivals of stream elements. In all of these applications, it is infeasible to process queries over data streams by loading the data into a traditional database management system (DBMS) or into main memory. Such an approach does not scale with high stream rates. As a consequence, systems that can manage streaming data have gained tremendous importance. The need to process a large number of continuous queries over bursty, high volume online data streams, potentially in real time, makes it imperative to design algorithms that should use limited resources. This dissertation focuses on processing exact results for join queries over high speed data streams using limited resources, and proposes several novel techniques for processing join queries incorporating secondary storages and non-dedicated computers. Existing approaches for stream joins either, (a) deal with memory limitations by shedding loads, and therefore can not produce exact or highly accurate results for the stream joins over data streams with time varying arrivals of stream tuples, or (b) suffer from large I/O-overheads due to random disk accesses. The proposed techniques exploit the high bandwidth of a disk subsystem by rendering the data access pattern largely sequential, eliminating small, random disk accesses. This dissertation proposes an I/O-efficient algorithm to process hybrid join queries, that join a fast, time varying or bursty data stream and a persistent disk relation. Such a hybrid join is the crux of a number of common transformations in an active data warehouse. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme reduces the response time in output results by exploiting spatio-temporal locality within the input stream, and minimizes disk overhead through disk-I/O amortization. The dissertation also proposes an algorithm to parallelize a stream join operator over a shared-nothing system. The proposed algorithm distributes the processing loads across a number of independent, non-dedicated nodes, based on a fixed or predefined communication pattern; dynamically maintains the degree of declustering in order to minimize communication and processing overheads; and presents mechanisms for reducing storage and communication overheads while scaling over a large number of nodes. We present experimental results showing the efficacy of the proposed algorithms.

In a growing number of information-processing applications, such as network-traffic monitoring, sensor networks, financial analysis, data mining for e-commerce, etc., data takes the form of continuous data streams rather than traditional stored databases/relational tuples. These applications have some common features like the need for real time analysis, huge volumes of data, and unpredictable and bursty arrivals of stream elements. In all of these applications, it is infeasible to process queries over data streams by loading the data into a traditional database management system (DBMS) or into main memory. Such an approach does not scale with high stream rates. As a consequence, systems that can manage streaming data have gained tremendous importance. The need to process a large number of continuous queries over bursty, high volume online data streams, potentially in real time, makes it imperative to design algorithms that should use limited resources. This dissertation focuses on processing exact results for join queries over high speed data streams using limited resources, and proposes several novel techniques for processing join queries incorporating secondary storages and non-dedicated computers. Existing approaches for stream joins either, (a) deal with memory limitations by shedding loads, and therefore can not produce exact or highly accurate results for the stream joins over data streams with time varying arrivals of stream tuples, or (b) suffer from large I/O-overheads due to random disk accesses. The proposed techniques exploit the high bandwidth of a disk subsystem by rendering the data access pattern largely sequential, eliminating small, random disk accesses. This dissertation proposes an I/O-efficient algorithm to process hybrid join queries, that join a fast, time varying or bursty data stream and a persistent disk relation. Such a hybrid join is the crux of a number of common transformations in an active data warehouse. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme reduces the response time in output results by exploiting spatio-temporal locality within the input stream, and minimizes disk overhead through disk-I/O amortization. The dissertation also proposes an algorithm to parallelize a stream join operator over a shared-nothing system. The proposed algorithm distributes the processing loads across a number of independent, non-dedicated nodes, based on a fixed or predefined communication pattern; dynamically maintains the degree of declustering in order to minimize communication and processing overheads; and presents mechanisms for reducing storage and communication overheads while scaling over a large number of nodes. We present experimental results showing the efficacy of the proposed algorithms.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 271-277). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

FOR UNION AND SLAVERY, FOR SLAVERY AND UNION: KNOW-NOTHINGS IN GEORGIA 1854-1860 by LESLYE JOY ALLEN Under the Direction of Dr. Wendy Hamand Venet ABSTRACT This thesis examines the Know-Nothing (or “American”) Party in the state of Georgia as a political entity whose leading members descended from the bipartisan Constitutional Union Party of Georgia in 1850. This thesis affirms that Georgia Know-Nothings emerged in 1854 and lasted until 1859 as a political party devoted to settling the sectional controversies brought on by the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854. Their role in the 1856 presidential campaign of Millard Fillmore and the 1857 gubernatorial campaign of Benjamin Harvey Hill, along with their role and membership in the revitalized national Constitutional Union Party in 1860 are also critically examined. The major argument is that Georgia Know-Nothings were not nativist, but were conservative unionists whose aim was to protect slavery and prevent the secession of Georgia and the South by using ideologies and political techniques honed while they were members of Georgia’s Constitutional Union Party. INDEX WORDS: Georgia Know-Nothing Party, Benjamin H. Hill, Joshua Hill, Georgia Constitutional Unionists, Georgia Platform, Southern Unionism